Java Tutorial/Operators/Operators
Содержание
Operator Precedence
Operators with a higher precedence are executed before those of a lower precedence.
Operators on the same line have the same precedence:
Operator Precedence GroupAssociativityOperator Precedence(), [], postfix ++, postfix --leftHighestunary +, unary -, prefix ++, prefix --, ~, !right(type), newleft*, /, %left+, -left<<, >>, >>>left< ,<= , >, >=, instanceof==, !=&left^left|left&&left||left?:left=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, <<=, >>=, >>>=, &=, |=, ^=rightlowest
Six categories of operators
In Java, there are six categories of operators.
- Unary operators
- Arithmetic operators
- Relational and conditional operators
- Shift and logical operators
- Assignment operators
- Other operators
<source lang="java">
Precedence Operator Description Association 1 ++,-- Postincrement, Postdecrement R -> L 2 ++,-- Preincrement, Predecrement R -> L
+,- Unary plus, unary minus R -> L
~ Bitwise compliment R -> L
! Boolean NOT R -> L
3 new Create object R -> L
(type) Type cast R -> L
4 *,/,% Multiplication, division, remainder L -> R 5 +,- Addition, subtraction L -> R
+ String concatenation L -> R
6 <<, >>, >>> Left shift, right shift, unsigned right shift L -> R 7 <, <=, >, >= L -> R
instanceof Type comparison L -> R
8 ==, != Value equality and inequality L -> R
==, != Reference equality and inequality L -> R
9 & Boolean AND L -> R
& Bitwise AND L -> R
10 ^ Boolean XOR L -> R
^ Bitwise XOR L -> R
11 | Boolean OR L -> R
| Bitwise OR L -> R
12 && Conditional AND L -> R 13 || Conditional OR L -> R 14 ?: Conditional Ternary Operator L -> R 15 =,+=,-=, Assignment Operators R -> L
*=,/ =,%=,
&=,^=, |=,
<<=, >> =,
>>>=</source>
Tests all the operators on all the primitive data types to show which ones are accepted by the Java compiler
<source lang="java">
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] a){
boolTest(true, false);
charTest("x", "y");
byteTest((byte)0, (byte)1);
shortTest((short)0, (short)1);
intTest(1, 2);
longTest(11L, 22L);
floatTest(1.1F, 2.2F);
doubleTest(1.1, 2.2);
}
// To accept the results of a boolean test:
static void f(boolean b) {
System.out.println("f:"+b);
}
static void boolTest(boolean x, boolean y) {
// Arithmetic operators:
//! x = x * y;
//! x = x / y;
//! x = x % y;
//! x = x + y;
//! x = x - y;
//! x++;
//! x--;
//! x = +y;
//! x = -y;
// Relational and logical:
//! f(x > y);
//! f(x >= y);
//! f(x < y);
//! f(x <= y);
f(x == y);
f(x != y);
f(!y);
x = x && y;
x = x || y;
// Bitwise operators:
//! x = ~y;
x = x & y;
x = x | y;
x = x ^ y;
//! x = x << 1;
//! x = x >> 1;
//! x = x >>> 1;
// Compound assignment:
//! x += y;
//! x -= y;
//! x *= y;
//! x /= y;
//! x %= y;
//! x <<= 1;
//! x >>= 1;
//! x >>>= 1;
x &= y;
x ^= y;
x |= y;
// Casting:
//! char c = (char)x;
//! byte B = (byte)x;
//! short s = (short)x;
//! int i = (int)x;
//! long l = (long)x;
//! float f = (float)x;
//! double d = (double)x;
}
static void charTest(char x, char y) {
// Arithmetic operators:
x = (char)(x * y);
x = (char)(x / y);
x = (char)(x % y);
x = (char)(x + y);
x = (char)(x - y);
x++;
x--;
x = (char)+y;
x = (char)-y;
// Relational and logical:
f(x > y);
f(x >= y);
f(x < y);
f(x <= y);
f(x == y);
f(x != y);
//! f(!x);
//! f(x && y);
//! f(x || y);
// Bitwise operators:
x= (char)~y;
x = (char)(x & y);
x = (char)(x | y);
x = (char)(x ^ y);
x = (char)(x << 1);
x = (char)(x >> 1);
x = (char)(x >>> 1);
// Compound assignment:
x += y;
x -= y;
x *= y;
x /= y;
x %= y;
x <<= 1;
x >>= 1;
x >>>= 1;
x &= y;
x ^= y;
x |= y;
// Casting:
//! boolean b = (boolean)x;
byte B = (byte)x;
short s = (short)x;
int i = (int)x;
long l = (long)x;
float f = (float)x;
double d = (double)x;
}
static void byteTest(byte x, byte y) {
// Arithmetic operators:
x = (byte)(x* y);
x = (byte)(x / y);
x = (byte)(x % y);
x = (byte)(x + y);
x = (byte)(x - y);
x++;
x--;
x = (byte)+ y;
x = (byte)- y;
// Relational and logical:
f(x > y);
f(x >= y);
f(x < y);
f(x <= y);
f(x == y);
f(x != y);
//! f(!x);
//! f(x && y);
//! f(x || y);
// Bitwise operators:
x = (byte)~y;
x = (byte)(x & y);
x = (byte)(x | y);
x = (byte)(x ^ y);
x = (byte)(x << 1);
x = (byte)(x >> 1);
x = (byte)(x >>> 1);
// Compound assignment:
x += y;
x -= y;
x *= y;
x /= y;
x %= y;
x <<= 1;
x >>= 1;
x >>>= 1;
x &= y;
x ^= y;
x |= y;
// Casting:
//! boolean b = (boolean)x;
char c = (char)x;
short s = (short)x;
int i = (int)x;
long l = (long)x;
float f = (float)x;
double d = (double)x;
}
static void shortTest(short x, short y) {
// Arithmetic operators:
x = (short)(x * y);
x = (short)(x / y);
x = (short)(x % y);
x = (short)(x + y);
x = (short)(x - y);
x++;
x--;
x = (short)+y;
x = (short)-y;
// Relational and logical:
f(x > y);
f(x >= y);
f(x < y);
f(x <= y);
f(x == y);
f(x != y);
//! f(!x);
//! f(x && y);
//! f(x || y);
// Bitwise operators:
x = (short)~y;
x = (short)(x & y);
x = (short)(x | y);
x = (short)(x ^ y);
x = (short)(x << 1);
x = (short)(x >> 1);
x = (short)(x >>> 1);
// Compound assignment:
x += y;
x -= y;
x *= y;
x /= y;
x %= y;
x <<= 1;
x >>= 1;
x >>>= 1;
x &= y;
x ^= y;
x |= y;
// Casting:
//! boolean b = (boolean)x;
char c = (char)x;
byte B = (byte)x;
int i = (int)x;
long l = (long)x;
float f = (float)x;
double d = (double)x;
}
static void intTest(int x, int y) {
// Arithmetic operators:
x = x * y;
x = x / y;
x = x % y;
x = x + y;
x = x - y;
x++;
x--;
x = +y;
x = -y;
// Relational and logical:
f(x > y);
f(x >= y);
f(x < y);
f(x <= y);
f(x == y);
f(x != y);
//! f(!x);
//! f(x && y);
//! f(x || y);
// Bitwise operators:
x = ~y;
x = x & y;
x = x | y;
x = x ^ y;
x = x << 1;
x = x >> 1;
x = x >>> 1;
// Compound assignment:
x += y;
x -= y;
x *= y;
x /= y;
x %= y;
x <<= 1;
x >>= 1;
x >>>= 1;
x &= y;
x ^= y;
x |= y;
// Casting:
//! boolean b = (boolean)x;
char c = (char)x;
byte B = (byte)x;
short s = (short)x;
long l = (long)x;
float f = (float)x;
double d = (double)x;
}
static void longTest(long x, long y) {
// Arithmetic operators:
x = x * y;
x = x / y;
x = x % y;
x = x + y;
x = x - y;
x++;
x--;
x = +y;
x = -y;
// Relational and logical:
f(x > y);
f(x >= y);
f(x < y);
f(x <= y);
f(x == y);
f(x != y);
//! f(!x);
//! f(x && y);
//! f(x || y);
// Bitwise operators:
x = ~y;
x = x & y;
x = x | y;
x = x ^ y;
x = x << 1;
x = x >> 1;
x = x >>> 1;
// Compound assignment:
x += y;
x -= y;
x *= y;
x /= y;
x %= y;
x <<= 1;
x >>= 1;
x >>>= 1;
x &= y;
x ^= y;
x |= y;
// Casting:
//! boolean b = (boolean)x;
char c = (char)x;
byte B = (byte)x;
short s = (short)x;
int i = (int)x;
float f = (float)x;
double d = (double)x;
}
static void floatTest(float x, float y) {
// Arithmetic operators:
x = x * y;
x = x / y;
x = x % y;
x = x + y;
x = x - y;
x++;
x--;
x = +y;
x = -y;
// Relational and logical:
f(x > y);
f(x >= y);
f(x < y);
f(x <= y);
f(x == y);
f(x != y);
//! f(!x);
//! f(x && y);
//! f(x || y);
// Bitwise operators:
//! x = ~y;
//! x = x & y;
//! x = x | y;
//! x = x ^ y;
//! x = x << 1;
//! x = x >> 1;
//! x = x >>> 1;
// Compound assignment:
x += y;
x -= y;
x *= y;
x /= y;
x %= y;
//! x <<= 1;
//! x >>= 1;
//! x >>>= 1;
//! x &= y;
//! x ^= y;
//! x |= y;
// Casting:
//! boolean b = (boolean)x;
char c = (char)x;
byte B = (byte)x;
short s = (short)x;
int i = (int)x;
long l = (long)x;
double d = (double)x;
}
static void doubleTest(double x, double y) {
// Arithmetic operators:
x = x * y;
x = x / y;
x = x % y;
x = x + y;
x = x - y;
x++;
x--;
x = +y;
x = -y;
// Relational and logical:
f(x > y);
f(x >= y);
f(x < y);
f(x <= y);
f(x == y);
f(x != y);
//! f(!x);
//! f(x && y);
//! f(x || y);
// Bitwise operators:
//! x = ~y;
//! x = x & y;
//! x = x | y;
//! x = x ^ y;
//! x = x << 1;
//! x = x >> 1;
//! x = x >>> 1;
// Compound assignment:
x += y;
x -= y;
x *= y;
x /= y;
x %= y;
//! x <<= 1;
//! x >>= 1;
//! x >>>= 1;
//! x &= y;
//! x ^= y;
//! x |= y;
// Casting:
//! boolean b = (boolean)x;
char c = (char)x;
byte B = (byte)x;
short s = (short)x;
int i = (int)x;
long l = (long)x;
float f = (float)x;
}
}</source>
The op= Operators
count += 5 has the same effect as the statement: count = count + 5;
<source lang="java">
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] arg) {
int count = 1;
count += 5;
System.out.println(count);
count = count + 5;
System.out.println(count);
}
}</source>
6 11
The complete set of op= operators:
- +=
- -=
- *=
- /=
- %=
- <<=
- >>=
- >>>=
- &=
- |=
- ^=
The ternary operator (The Conditional Operator): result = value>conditionValue ? result1 : result2
<source lang="java">
if(value > conditionValue){
result = result1;
}else{
result = result2;
}
logical_expression ? expression1 : expression2</source>
A B
