Java/3D/Object Model — различия между версиями
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Версия 21:01, 31 мая 2010
Содержание
- 1 A basic hierarchical model of the top part of a human torso
- 2 A large hollow box
- 3 A Morph object to animate a shape between two key shapes
- 4 An Object
- 5 Appearance Is Everything
- 6 A simple class using the an indexed quadrilateral array
- 7 cg viewer
- 8 Color Yoyo
- 9 Door App
- 10 Example Switch
- 11 ExHenge - create a stone-henge like (vaguely) mysterious temple thing
- 12 Geometry By Reference
- 13 Gouraud
- 14 Java 3D Box and a custom Cuboid implementation
- 15 Line Types
- 16 Morphing
- 17 Red Green Girl
- 18 Red Green Griffin
- 19 ShadowApp creates a single plane
- 20 Shape: Point outline
- 21 Simple Indexed Quad
- 22 Simple Indexed Quad Normals
- 23 Stereo Girl
- 24 Teapot
- 25 The use of the GeometryInfo class and related classes
- 26 Twist Strip visual object
- 27 VolRend
- 28 Yoyo Line
A basic hierarchical model of the top part of a human torso
<source lang="java">
/**********************************************************
Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and published by Manning Publications. http://manning.ru/selman This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site. **************************************************************/
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.GraphicsConfigTemplate; import java.awt.GraphicsDevice; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import java.io.File; import java.net.URL; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.AudioDevice; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.Bounds; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.GraphicsConfigTemplate3D; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.audioengines.javasound.JavaSoundMixer; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Cylinder; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Sphere; /**
* This example builds a basic hierarchical model of the top part of a human * torso (2 arms, neck and head). the arms are built using a hierarchy of * TransformGroups with Cylinders used for the geometry itself. * RotationInterpolators are used to crudely animate the model. */
public class ScenegraphTest extends Java3dApplet {
private static int m_kWidth = 400;
private static int m_kHeight = 400;
public ScenegraphTest() {
initJava3d();
}
protected double getScale() {
return 8.0;
}
protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() {
BranchGroup objRoot = super.createSceneBranchGroup();
// create some lights for the scene
Color3f lColor1 = new Color3f(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f);
Vector3f lDir1 = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Color3f alColor = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
AmbientLight aLgt = new AmbientLight(alColor);
aLgt.setInfluencingBounds(createApplicationBounds());
DirectionalLight lgt1 = new DirectionalLight(lColor1, lDir1);
lgt1.setInfluencingBounds(createApplicationBounds());
objRoot.addChild(aLgt);
objRoot.addChild(lgt1);
// create a rotator to spin the whole model around the Y axis
TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup();
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
Transform3D yAxis = new Transform3D();
Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE, 0, 0,
4000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha,
objTrans, yAxis, 0.0f, (float) Math.PI * 2.0f);
rotator.setSchedulingBounds(createApplicationBounds());
objTrans.addChild(rotator);
// build the model itself using helper methods
addHead(objTrans);
objTrans.addChild(createArm(0, 0, -Math.PI * 0.5));
objTrans.addChild(createArm(0, Math.PI, Math.PI * 0.5));
objRoot.addChild(objTrans);
return objRoot;
}
private void addHead(Group parentGroup) {
// add a cylinder for the Neck
TransformGroup tgNeck = addLimb(parentGroup, "Neck", 0.05, 0.2, 0.0,
0.0);
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Color3f black = new Color3f(0.4f, 0.2f, 0.1f);
Color3f objColor = new Color3f(1, 0.8f, 0.6f);
app.setMaterial(new Material(objColor, black, objColor, black, 90.0f));
// position a Sphere for the head itself
Sphere headSphere = new Sphere((float) 0.12,
Primitive.GENERATE_NORMALS, app);
tgNeck.addChild(headSphere);
}
// creates a hierarchical model of a basic arm.
// the arm is aligned using the three rotations: rotX, rotY, rotZ.
// by rotating the arm we are able to create a left and a right arm
// from the same code.
private TransformGroup createArm(double rotX, double rotY, double rotZ) {
TransformGroup tgShoulder = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setEuler(new Vector3d(rotX, rotY, rotZ));
tgShoulder.setTransform(t3d);
TransformGroup tgParent = null;
tgParent = addLimb(tgShoulder, "Upper Arm", 0.05, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0);
tgParent = addLimb(tgParent, "Lower Arm", 0.03, 0.4, Math.PI * -0.5,
Math.PI * 0.8);
TransformGroup tgWrist = addLimb(tgParent, "Wrist", 0.03, 0.07, 0.0,
Math.PI * 0.5);
addLimb(tgWrist, "Thumb", 0.01, 0.05, 0.0, Math.PI * 0.5);
addLimb(tgWrist, "Finger 1", 0.01, 0.08, 0.0, Math.PI * 0.3);
addLimb(tgWrist, "Finger 2", 0.01, 0.10, 0.0, Math.PI * 0.3);
addLimb(tgWrist, "Finger 3", 0.01, 0.08, 0.0, Math.PI * 0.3);
addLimb(tgWrist, "Finger 4", 0.01, 0.05, 0.0, Math.PI * 0.3);
return tgShoulder;
}
// adds a cylinder for a limb to the parentGroup.
// optionally adds a rotator to rotate the limb between rotMin and rotMax
// radians.
private TransformGroup addLimb(Group parentGroup, String szName,
double radius, double length, double rotMin, double rotMax) {
// create the rotator
TransformGroup tgJoint = new TransformGroup();
tgJoint.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
tgJoint.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
// add a rotator if necessary
if (rotMin != rotMax) {
Transform3D xAxis = new Transform3D();
xAxis.rotX(Math.PI / 2.0);
Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE, 0, 0,
4000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(
rotationAlpha, tgJoint, xAxis, (float) rotMin,
(float) rotMax);
rotator.setSchedulingBounds(createApplicationBounds());
tgJoint.addChild(rotator);
}
// create a cylinder using length and radius
tgJoint.addChild(createLimb(radius, length));
// create the joint (the *next* TG should
// be offset by the length of this limb)
TransformGroup tgOffset = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0, length, 0));
tgOffset.setTransform(t3d);
tgJoint.addChild(tgOffset);
parentGroup.addChild(tgJoint);
// return the offset TG, so any child TG"s will be added
// in the correct position.
return tgOffset;
}
// creates and aligns a cylinder to represent a simple limb.
TransformGroup createLimb(double radius, double length) {
// because the cylinder is centered at 0,0,0
// we need to shift the cylinder so that the bottom of
// the cylinder is at 0,0,0 and the top is at 0, length, 0
TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0, length / 2, 0));
tg.setTransform(t3d);
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Color3f black = new Color3f(0.4f, 0.2f, 0.1f);
Color3f objColor = new Color3f(1, 0.8f, 0.6f);
app.setMaterial(new Material(objColor, black, objColor, black, 90.0f));
Cylinder cylinder = new Cylinder((float) radius, (float) length,
Primitive.GENERATE_NORMALS, app);
tg.addChild(cylinder);
return tg;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ScenegraphTest sceneTest = new ScenegraphTest();
sceneTest.saveCommandLineArguments(args);
new MainFrame(sceneTest, m_kWidth, m_kHeight);
}
} /*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman * * First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and * published by Manning Publications. http://manning.ru/selman * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under * the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software * Foundation, version 2. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more * details. * * The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html * * Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite * 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. * * Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org * * If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the * authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site. ******************************************************************************/
//***************************************************************************** /**
* Java3dApplet * * Base class for defining a Java 3D applet. Contains some useful methods for * defining views and scenegraphs etc. * * @author Daniel Selman * @version 1.0 */
//***************************************************************************** abstract class Java3dApplet extends Applet {
public static int m_kWidth = 300;
public static int m_kHeight = 300;
protected String[] m_szCommandLineArray = null;
protected VirtualUniverse m_Universe = null;
protected BranchGroup m_SceneBranchGroup = null;
protected Bounds m_ApplicationBounds = null;
// protected com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree m_Java3dTree = null;
public Java3dApplet() {
}
public boolean isApplet() {
try {
System.getProperty("user.dir");
System.out.println("Running as Application.");
return false;
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println("Running as Applet.");
return true;
}
public URL getWorkingDirectory() throws java.net.MalformedURLException {
URL url = null;
try {
File file = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
System.out.println("Running as Application:");
System.out.println(" " + file.toURL());
return file.toURL();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println("Running as Applet:");
System.out.println(" " + getCodeBase());
return getCodeBase();
}
public VirtualUniverse getVirtualUniverse() {
return m_Universe;
}
//public com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree getJ3dTree() {
//return m_Java3dTree;
// }
public Locale getFirstLocale() {
java.util.Enumeration e = m_Universe.getAllLocales();
if (e.hasMoreElements() != false)
return (Locale) e.nextElement();
return null;
}
protected Bounds getApplicationBounds() {
if (m_ApplicationBounds == null)
m_ApplicationBounds = createApplicationBounds();
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
protected Bounds createApplicationBounds() {
m_ApplicationBounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
protected Background createBackground() {
Background back = new Background(new Color3f(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.9f));
back.setApplicationBounds(createApplicationBounds());
return back;
}
public void initJava3d() {
// m_Java3dTree = new com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree();
m_Universe = createVirtualUniverse();
Locale locale = createLocale(m_Universe);
BranchGroup sceneBranchGroup = createSceneBranchGroup();
ViewPlatform vp = createViewPlatform();
BranchGroup viewBranchGroup = createViewBranchGroup(
getViewTransformGroupArray(), vp);
createView(vp);
Background background = createBackground();
if (background != null)
sceneBranchGroup.addChild(background);
// m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(sceneBranchGroup);
// m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(viewBranchGroup);
locale.addBranchGraph(sceneBranchGroup);
addViewBranchGroup(locale, viewBranchGroup);
onDoneInit();
}
protected void onDoneInit() {
// m_Java3dTree.updateNodes(m_Universe);
}
protected double getScale() {
return 1.0;
}
public TransformGroup[] getViewTransformGroupArray() {
TransformGroup[] tgArray = new TransformGroup[1];
tgArray[0] = new TransformGroup();
// move the camera BACK a little...
// note that we have to invert the matrix as
// we are moving the viewer
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setScale(getScale());
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, -20.0));
t3d.invert();
tgArray[0].setTransform(t3d);
return tgArray;
}
protected void addViewBranchGroup(Locale locale, BranchGroup bg) {
locale.addBranchGraph(bg);
}
protected Locale createLocale(VirtualUniverse u) {
return new Locale(u);
}
protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() {
m_SceneBranchGroup = new BranchGroup();
return m_SceneBranchGroup;
}
protected View createView(ViewPlatform vp) {
View view = new View();
PhysicalBody pb = createPhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment pe = createPhysicalEnvironment();
AudioDevice audioDevice = createAudioDevice(pe);
if (audioDevice != null) {
pe.setAudioDevice(audioDevice);
audioDevice.initialize();
}
view.setPhysicalEnvironment(pe);
view.setPhysicalBody(pb);
if (vp != null)
view.attachViewPlatform(vp);
view.setBackClipDistance(getBackClipDistance());
view.setFrontClipDistance(getFrontClipDistance());
Canvas3D c3d = createCanvas3D();
view.addCanvas3D(c3d);
addCanvas3D(c3d);
return view;
}
protected PhysicalBody createPhysicalBody() {
return new PhysicalBody();
}
protected AudioDevice createAudioDevice(PhysicalEnvironment pe) {
JavaSoundMixer javaSoundMixer = new JavaSoundMixer(pe);
if (javaSoundMixer == null)
System.out.println("create of audiodevice failed");
return javaSoundMixer;
}
protected PhysicalEnvironment createPhysicalEnvironment() {
return new PhysicalEnvironment();
}
protected float getViewPlatformActivationRadius() {
return 100;
}
protected ViewPlatform createViewPlatform() {
ViewPlatform vp = new ViewPlatform();
vp.setViewAttachPolicy(View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW);
vp.setActivationRadius(getViewPlatformActivationRadius());
return vp;
}
protected Canvas3D createCanvas3D() {
GraphicsConfigTemplate3D gc3D = new GraphicsConfigTemplate3D();
gc3D.setSceneAntialiasing(GraphicsConfigTemplate.PREFERRED);
GraphicsDevice gd[] = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment()
.getScreenDevices();
Canvas3D c3d = new Canvas3D(gd[0].getBestConfiguration(gc3D));
c3d.setSize(getCanvas3dWidth(c3d), getCanvas3dHeight(c3d));
return c3d;
}
protected int getCanvas3dWidth(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kWidth;
}
protected int getCanvas3dHeight(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kHeight;
}
protected double getBackClipDistance() {
return 100.0;
}
protected double getFrontClipDistance() {
return 1.0;
}
protected BranchGroup createViewBranchGroup(TransformGroup[] tgArray,
ViewPlatform vp) {
BranchGroup vpBranchGroup = new BranchGroup();
if (tgArray != null && tgArray.length > 0) {
Group parentGroup = vpBranchGroup;
TransformGroup curTg = null;
for (int n = 0; n < tgArray.length; n++) {
curTg = tgArray[n];
parentGroup.addChild(curTg);
parentGroup = curTg;
}
tgArray[tgArray.length - 1].addChild(vp);
} else
vpBranchGroup.addChild(vp);
return vpBranchGroup;
}
protected void addCanvas3D(Canvas3D c3d) {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
add(c3d, BorderLayout.CENTER);
doLayout();
}
protected VirtualUniverse createVirtualUniverse() {
return new VirtualUniverse();
}
protected void saveCommandLineArguments(String[] szArgs) {
m_szCommandLineArray = szArgs;
}
protected String[] getCommandLineArguments() {
return m_szCommandLineArray;
}
}
</source>
A large hollow box
<source lang="java">
/**********************************************************
Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and published by Manning Publications. http://manning.ru/selman This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site. **************************************************************/
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.GraphicsConfigTemplate; import java.awt.GraphicsDevice; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.io.File; import java.net.URL; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.AudioDevice; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.Behavior; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.Bounds; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.GraphicsConfigTemplate3D; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Node; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.PickBounds; import javax.media.j3d.PolygonAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.SceneGraphObject; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupCondition; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupCriterion; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnElapsedFrames; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOr; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import com.sun.j3d.audioengines.javasound.JavaSoundMixer; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.ColorCube; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Sphere; import com.sun.j3d.utils.picking.PickResult; import com.sun.j3d.utils.picking.PickTool; /**
* This example creates a large hollow box (out of ColorCubes, one for each side * of the box). Within the box, four Spheres are created. Each Sphere has a * behavior attached which detects collisions with the sides of the box, and the * other Spheres. When a collision is detected the trajectory of the Sphere is * reversed and the color of the Sphere changed. When a collision is not * detected the Sphere is advanced along its current trajectory. */
public class PickCollisionTest extends Java3dApplet implements ActionListener {
private static int m_kWidth = 400;
private static int m_kHeight = 400;
private static final int boxSize = 10;
public PickCollisionTest() {
initJava3d();
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
}
protected double getScale() {
return 0.5;
}
// method to recursively set the user data for objects in the scenegraph
// tree
// we also set the capabilites on Shape3D and Morph objects required by the
// PickTool
void recursiveSetUserData(SceneGraphObject root, Object value) {
root.setUserData(value);
// recursively process group
if (root instanceof Group) {
Group g = (Group) root;
// recurse on child nodes
java.util.Enumeration enumKids = g.getAllChildren();
while (enumKids.hasMoreElements() != false)
recursiveSetUserData((SceneGraphObject) enumKids.nextElement(),
value);
}
}
protected void addCube(BranchGroup bg, double x, double y, double z,
double sx, double sy, double sz, String name, boolean wireframe) {
// create four ColorCube objects
TransformGroup cubeTg = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(x, y, z));
t3d.setScale(new Vector3d(sx, sy, sz));
cubeTg.setTransform(t3d);
ColorCube cube = new ColorCube(1.0);
// we have to make the front face wireframe
// or we can"t see inside the box!
if (wireframe) {
Appearance app = new Appearance();
app.setPolygonAttributes(new PolygonAttributes(
PolygonAttributes.POLYGON_LINE,
PolygonAttributes.CULL_NONE, 0));
cube.setAppearance(app);
}
cubeTg.addChild(cube);
recursiveSetUserData(cubeTg, name);
bg.addChild(cubeTg);
}
protected void addSphere(BranchGroup bg, double x, double y, double z,
Vector3d incVector, String name) {
Appearance app = new Appearance();
TransformGroup sphereTg = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(x, y, z));
sphereTg.setTransform(t3d);
sphereTg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
sphereTg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
sphereTg.addChild(new Sphere(1, app));
bg.addChild(sphereTg);
recursiveSetUserData(sphereTg, name);
// create the collision behaviour
CollisionBehavior collisionBehavior = new CollisionBehavior(bg,
sphereTg, app, new Vector3d(x, y, z), incVector);
collisionBehavior.setSchedulingBounds(getApplicationBounds());
bg.addChild(collisionBehavior);
}
protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() {
BranchGroup objRoot = super.createSceneBranchGroup();
Bounds lightBounds = getApplicationBounds();
AmbientLight ambLight = new AmbientLight(true, new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f,
1.0f));
ambLight.setInfluencingBounds(lightBounds);
objRoot.addChild(ambLight);
DirectionalLight headLight = new DirectionalLight();
headLight.setInfluencingBounds(lightBounds);
objRoot.addChild(headLight);
// create ColorCube objects, one for each side of a cube
addCube(objRoot, 0, boxSize, 0, boxSize, 0.1, boxSize, "Top", false);
addCube(objRoot, 0, -boxSize, 0, boxSize, 0.1, boxSize, "Bottom", false);
addCube(objRoot, boxSize, 0, 0, 0.1, boxSize, boxSize, "Right", false);
addCube(objRoot, -boxSize, 0, 0, 0.1, boxSize, boxSize, "Left", false);
addCube(objRoot, 0, 0, -boxSize, boxSize, boxSize, 0.1, "Back", false);
addCube(objRoot, 0, 0, boxSize, boxSize, boxSize, 0.1, "Front", true);
// create the spheres
addSphere(objRoot, 0, 3, 4, new Vector3d(0.1, 0.3, 0.1), "Sphere 1");
addSphere(objRoot, 3, 0, -2, new Vector3d(0.4, 0.1, 0.2), "Sphere 2");
addSphere(objRoot, 0, -3, 0, new Vector3d(0.2, 0.2, 0.6), "Sphere 3");
addSphere(objRoot, -3, 0, -4, new Vector3d(0.1, 0.6, 0.3), "Sphere 4");
return objRoot;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
PickCollisionTest pickCollisionTest = new PickCollisionTest();
pickCollisionTest.saveCommandLineArguments(args);
new MainFrame(pickCollisionTest, m_kWidth, m_kHeight);
}
} /**
* This behavior detects collisions between the branch of a scene, and a * collision object. The Java 3D 1.2 picking utilities are used to implement * collision detection. The objects in the scene that are collidable should have * their user data set. The collision object"s user data is used to ignore * collisions between the object and itself. * * When a collision is detected the trajectory of the collision object is * reversed (plus a small random factor) and an Appearance object is modified. * * When a collision is not detected the collision object is moved along its * current trajectory and the Appearance color is reset. * * Colision checking is run after every frame. * */
class CollisionBehavior extends Behavior {
// the wake up condition for the behavior
protected WakeupCondition m_WakeupCondition = null;
// how often we check for a collision
private static final int ELAPSED_FRAME_COUNT = 1;
// the branch that we check for collisions
private BranchGroup pickRoot = null;
// the collision object that we are controlling
private TransformGroup collisionObject = null;
// the appearance object that we are controlling
private Appearance objectAppearance = null;
// cached PickBounds object used for collision detection
private PickBounds pickBounds = null;
// cached Material objects that define the collided and missed colors
private Material collideMaterial = null;
private Material missMaterial = null;
// the current trajectory of the object
private Vector3d incrementVector = null;
// the current position of the object
private Vector3d positionVector = null;
public CollisionBehavior(BranchGroup pickRoot,
TransformGroup collisionObject, Appearance app, Vector3d posVector,
Vector3d incVector) {
// save references to the objects
this.pickRoot = pickRoot;
this.collisionObject = collisionObject;
this.objectAppearance = app;
incrementVector = incVector;
positionVector = posVector;
// create the WakeupCriterion for the behavior
WakeupCriterion criterionArray[] = new WakeupCriterion[1];
criterionArray[0] = new WakeupOnElapsedFrames(ELAPSED_FRAME_COUNT);
objectAppearance.setCapability(Appearance.ALLOW_MATERIAL_WRITE);
collisionObject.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
collisionObject.setCapability(Node.ALLOW_BOUNDS_READ);
// save the WakeupCriterion for the behavior
m_WakeupCondition = new WakeupOr(criterionArray);
}
public void initialize() {
// apply the initial WakeupCriterion
wakeupOn(m_WakeupCondition);
Color3f objColor = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.1f, 0.2f);
Color3f black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
collideMaterial = new Material(objColor, black, objColor, black, 80.0f);
objColor = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.1f, 0.8f);
missMaterial = new Material(objColor, black, objColor, black, 80.0f);
objectAppearance.setMaterial(missMaterial);
}
protected void onCollide() {
objectAppearance.setMaterial(collideMaterial);
incrementVector.negate();
// add a little randomness
incrementVector.x += (Math.random() - 0.5) / 20.0;
incrementVector.y += (Math.random() - 0.5) / 20.0;
incrementVector.z += (Math.random() - 0.5) / 20.0;
}
protected void onMiss() {
objectAppearance.setMaterial(missMaterial);
}
protected void moveCollisionObject() {
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
positionVector.add(incrementVector);
t3d.setTranslation(positionVector);
collisionObject.setTransform(t3d);
}
public boolean isCollision(PickResult[] resultArray) {
if (resultArray == null || resultArray.length == 0)
return false;
// we use the user data on the nodes to ignore the
// case of the collisionObject having collided with itself!
// the user data also gives us a good mechanism for reporting the
// collisions.
for (int n = 0; n < resultArray.length; n++) {
Object userData = resultArray[n].getObject().getUserData();
if (userData != null && userData instanceof String) {
// check that we are not colliding with ourselves...
if (((String) userData).equals((String) collisionObject
.getUserData()) == false) {
System.out.println("Collision between: "
+ collisionObject.getUserData() + " and: "
+ userData);
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
public void processStimulus(java.util.Enumeration criteria) {
while (criteria.hasMoreElements()) {
WakeupCriterion wakeUp = (WakeupCriterion) criteria.nextElement();
// every N frames, check for a collision
if (wakeUp instanceof WakeupOnElapsedFrames) {
// create a PickBounds
PickTool pickTool = new PickTool(pickRoot);
pickTool.setMode(PickTool.BOUNDS);
BoundingSphere bounds = (BoundingSphere) collisionObject
.getBounds();
pickBounds = new PickBounds(new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(
positionVector.x, positionVector.y, positionVector.z),
bounds.getRadius()));
pickTool.setShape(pickBounds, new Point3d(0, 0, 0));
PickResult[] resultArray = pickTool.pickAll();
if (isCollision(resultArray))
onCollide();
else
onMiss();
moveCollisionObject();
}
}
// assign the next WakeUpCondition, so we are notified again
wakeupOn(m_WakeupCondition);
}
} /*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman * * First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and * published by Manning Publications. http://manning.ru/selman * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under * the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software * Foundation, version 2. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more * details. * * The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html * * Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite * 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. * * Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org * * If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the * authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site. ******************************************************************************/
//***************************************************************************** /**
* Java3dApplet * * Base class for defining a Java 3D applet. Contains some useful methods for * defining views and scenegraphs etc. * * @author Daniel Selman * @version 1.0 */
//***************************************************************************** abstract class Java3dApplet extends Applet {
public static int m_kWidth = 300;
public static int m_kHeight = 300;
protected String[] m_szCommandLineArray = null;
protected VirtualUniverse m_Universe = null;
protected BranchGroup m_SceneBranchGroup = null;
protected Bounds m_ApplicationBounds = null;
// protected com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree m_Java3dTree = null;
public Java3dApplet() {
}
public boolean isApplet() {
try {
System.getProperty("user.dir");
System.out.println("Running as Application.");
return false;
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println("Running as Applet.");
return true;
}
public URL getWorkingDirectory() throws java.net.MalformedURLException {
URL url = null;
try {
File file = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
System.out.println("Running as Application:");
System.out.println(" " + file.toURL());
return file.toURL();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println("Running as Applet:");
System.out.println(" " + getCodeBase());
return getCodeBase();
}
public VirtualUniverse getVirtualUniverse() {
return m_Universe;
}
//public com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree getJ3dTree() {
//return m_Java3dTree;
// }
public Locale getFirstLocale() {
java.util.Enumeration e = m_Universe.getAllLocales();
if (e.hasMoreElements() != false)
return (Locale) e.nextElement();
return null;
}
protected Bounds getApplicationBounds() {
if (m_ApplicationBounds == null)
m_ApplicationBounds = createApplicationBounds();
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
protected Bounds createApplicationBounds() {
m_ApplicationBounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
protected Background createBackground() {
Background back = new Background(new Color3f(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.9f));
back.setApplicationBounds(createApplicationBounds());
return back;
}
public void initJava3d() {
// m_Java3dTree = new com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree();
m_Universe = createVirtualUniverse();
Locale locale = createLocale(m_Universe);
BranchGroup sceneBranchGroup = createSceneBranchGroup();
ViewPlatform vp = createViewPlatform();
BranchGroup viewBranchGroup = createViewBranchGroup(
getViewTransformGroupArray(), vp);
createView(vp);
Background background = createBackground();
if (background != null)
sceneBranchGroup.addChild(background);
// m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(sceneBranchGroup);
// m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(viewBranchGroup);
locale.addBranchGraph(sceneBranchGroup);
addViewBranchGroup(locale, viewBranchGroup);
onDoneInit();
}
protected void onDoneInit() {
// m_Java3dTree.updateNodes(m_Universe);
}
protected double getScale() {
return 1.0;
}
public TransformGroup[] getViewTransformGroupArray() {
TransformGroup[] tgArray = new TransformGroup[1];
tgArray[0] = new TransformGroup();
// move the camera BACK a little...
// note that we have to invert the matrix as
// we are moving the viewer
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setScale(getScale());
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, -20.0));
t3d.invert();
tgArray[0].setTransform(t3d);
return tgArray;
}
protected void addViewBranchGroup(Locale locale, BranchGroup bg) {
locale.addBranchGraph(bg);
}
protected Locale createLocale(VirtualUniverse u) {
return new Locale(u);
}
protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() {
m_SceneBranchGroup = new BranchGroup();
return m_SceneBranchGroup;
}
protected View createView(ViewPlatform vp) {
View view = new View();
PhysicalBody pb = createPhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment pe = createPhysicalEnvironment();
AudioDevice audioDevice = createAudioDevice(pe);
if (audioDevice != null) {
pe.setAudioDevice(audioDevice);
audioDevice.initialize();
}
view.setPhysicalEnvironment(pe);
view.setPhysicalBody(pb);
if (vp != null)
view.attachViewPlatform(vp);
view.setBackClipDistance(getBackClipDistance());
view.setFrontClipDistance(getFrontClipDistance());
Canvas3D c3d = createCanvas3D();
view.addCanvas3D(c3d);
addCanvas3D(c3d);
return view;
}
protected PhysicalBody createPhysicalBody() {
return new PhysicalBody();
}
protected AudioDevice createAudioDevice(PhysicalEnvironment pe) {
JavaSoundMixer javaSoundMixer = new JavaSoundMixer(pe);
if (javaSoundMixer == null)
System.out.println("create of audiodevice failed");
return javaSoundMixer;
}
protected PhysicalEnvironment createPhysicalEnvironment() {
return new PhysicalEnvironment();
}
protected float getViewPlatformActivationRadius() {
return 100;
}
protected ViewPlatform createViewPlatform() {
ViewPlatform vp = new ViewPlatform();
vp.setViewAttachPolicy(View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW);
vp.setActivationRadius(getViewPlatformActivationRadius());
return vp;
}
protected Canvas3D createCanvas3D() {
GraphicsConfigTemplate3D gc3D = new GraphicsConfigTemplate3D();
gc3D.setSceneAntialiasing(GraphicsConfigTemplate.PREFERRED);
GraphicsDevice gd[] = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment()
.getScreenDevices();
Canvas3D c3d = new Canvas3D(gd[0].getBestConfiguration(gc3D));
c3d.setSize(getCanvas3dWidth(c3d), getCanvas3dHeight(c3d));
return c3d;
}
protected int getCanvas3dWidth(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kWidth;
}
protected int getCanvas3dHeight(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kHeight;
}
protected double getBackClipDistance() {
return 100.0;
}
protected double getFrontClipDistance() {
return 1.0;
}
protected BranchGroup createViewBranchGroup(TransformGroup[] tgArray,
ViewPlatform vp) {
BranchGroup vpBranchGroup = new BranchGroup();
if (tgArray != null && tgArray.length > 0) {
Group parentGroup = vpBranchGroup;
TransformGroup curTg = null;
for (int n = 0; n < tgArray.length; n++) {
curTg = tgArray[n];
parentGroup.addChild(curTg);
parentGroup = curTg;
}
tgArray[tgArray.length - 1].addChild(vp);
} else
vpBranchGroup.addChild(vp);
return vpBranchGroup;
}
protected void addCanvas3D(Canvas3D c3d) {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
add(c3d, BorderLayout.CENTER);
doLayout();
}
protected VirtualUniverse createVirtualUniverse() {
return new VirtualUniverse();
}
protected void saveCommandLineArguments(String[] szArgs) {
m_szCommandLineArray = szArgs;
}
protected String[] getCommandLineArguments() {
return m_szCommandLineArray;
}
}
</source>
A Morph object to animate a shape between two key shapes
<source lang="java">
/* Essential Java 3D Fast Ian Palmer Publisher: Springer-Verlag ISBN: 1-85233-394-4
- /
import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Button; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.Panel; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedQuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Morph; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.AxisAngle4d; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; /**
* This uses a Morph object to animate a shape between two key shapes: a cube * and a pyramid. Buttons are used to change the weight values. * * @author I.J.Palmer * @version 1.0 */
public class SimpleMorph extends Frame implements ActionListener {
protected Canvas3D myCanvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
/** The button that will animate towards the cube key shape */
protected Button cubeButton = new Button("Cube");
/** The button that will animate towards the pyramid key shape */
protected Button pyraButton = new Button("Pyramid");
/** The exit button */
protected Button exitButton = new Button("Exit");
/** This performs the animation */
protected Morph myMorph;
/** The weight values for the morph */
protected double[] weights = { 0.5, 0.5 };
/**
* Build the view branch of the scene graph
*
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the view branch
*/
protected BranchGroup buildViewBranch(Canvas3D c) {
BranchGroup viewBranch = new BranchGroup();
Transform3D viewXfm = new Transform3D();
viewXfm.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f));
TransformGroup viewXfmGroup = new TransformGroup(viewXfm);
ViewPlatform myViewPlatform = new ViewPlatform();
PhysicalBody myBody = new PhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment myEnvironment = new PhysicalEnvironment();
viewXfmGroup.addChild(myViewPlatform);
viewBranch.addChild(viewXfmGroup);
View myView = new View();
myView.addCanvas3D(c);
myView.attachViewPlatform(myViewPlatform);
myView.setPhysicalBody(myBody);
myView.setPhysicalEnvironment(myEnvironment);
return viewBranch;
}
/**
* Add some lights to the scene graph
*
* @param b
* BranchGroup that the lights are added to
*/
protected void addLights(BranchGroup b) {
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
Color3f ambLightColour = new Color3f(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
AmbientLight ambLight = new AmbientLight(ambLightColour);
ambLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
Color3f dirLightColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3f dirLightDir = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
DirectionalLight dirLight = new DirectionalLight(dirLightColour,
dirLightDir);
dirLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
b.addChild(ambLight);
b.addChild(dirLight);
}
/**
* Create the Morph from the given shapes
*
* @param theShapes
* GeometryArray that stores the shapes for the Morph
* @param app
* Appearnce used for the shapes
* @return Morph that uses the given shapes
*/
protected Morph createMorph(GeometryArray[] theShapes, Appearance app) {
//Create the morph from the given shapes and appearance
myMorph = new Morph(theShapes, app);
//Set the weights
myMorph.setWeights(weights);
//Set the capabilities so that we can read and write the weights
myMorph.setCapability(Morph.ALLOW_WEIGHTS_READ);
myMorph.setCapability(Morph.ALLOW_WEIGHTS_WRITE);
return myMorph;
}
/**
* Build the content branch for the scene graph
*
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the content
*/
protected BranchGroup buildContentBranch() {
//Create the appearance object
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f emissiveColour = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f specularColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Color3f diffuseColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
float shininess = 20.0f;
app.setMaterial(new Material(ambientColour, emissiveColour,
diffuseColour, specularColour, shininess));
//Make the cube key shape
IndexedQuadArray indexedCube = new IndexedQuadArray(8,
IndexedQuadArray.COORDINATES | IndexedQuadArray.NORMALS, 24);
Point3f[] cubeCoordinates = { new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f) };
Vector3f[] cubeNormals = { new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f) };
int cubeCoordIndices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 2,
1, 0, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 2 };
int cubeNormalIndices[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3,
3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5 };
indexedCube.setCoordinates(0, cubeCoordinates);
indexedCube.setNormals(0, cubeNormals);
indexedCube.setCoordinateIndices(0, cubeCoordIndices);
indexedCube.setNormalIndices(0, cubeNormalIndices);
//Make the pyramid key shape. Although this needs
//only five vertices to create the desired shape, we
//need to use six vertices so that it has the same
//number as the cube.
IndexedQuadArray indexedPyramid = new IndexedQuadArray(8,
IndexedQuadArray.COORDINATES | IndexedQuadArray.NORMALS, 24);
Point3f[] pyramidCoordinates = { new Point3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
new Point3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), new Point3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
new Point3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f) };
Vector3f[] pyramidNormals = { new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f) };
int pyramidCoordIndices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6,
2, 1, 0, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 2 };
int pyramidNormalIndices[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3,
3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5 };
indexedPyramid.setCoordinates(0, pyramidCoordinates);
indexedPyramid.setNormals(0, pyramidNormals);
indexedPyramid.setCoordinateIndices(0, pyramidCoordIndices);
indexedPyramid.setNormalIndices(0, pyramidNormalIndices);
//Set the contents of the array to the two shapes
GeometryArray[] theShapes = new GeometryArray[2];
theShapes[0] = indexedCube;
theShapes[1] = indexedPyramid;
BranchGroup contentBranch = new BranchGroup();
//Create a transform to rotate the shape slightly
Transform3D rotateCube = new Transform3D();
rotateCube.set(new AxisAngle4d(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, Math.PI / 4.0));
TransformGroup rotationGroup = new TransformGroup(rotateCube);
contentBranch.addChild(rotationGroup);
addLights(contentBranch);
//Call the function to build the morph
rotationGroup.addChild(createMorph(theShapes, app));
return contentBranch;
}
/**
* Process the actions from the buttons. The two shape buttons change the
* geometry so that it is nearer to its corresponding key shape.
*
* @param e
* ActionEvent to be processed
*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//If its the exit button, quit the program
if (e.getSource() == exitButton) {
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
//If its the cube button, increase the weight
//associated with the cube key shape and reduce
//the other.
else if (e.getSource() == cubeButton) {
if (weights[0] <= 0.9) {
weights[0] += 0.1;
weights[1] -= 0.1;
myMorph.setWeights(weights);
}
}
//If its the pyramid button, increase the weight
//associated with the pyramid key shape and reduce
//the cube weight
else if (e.getSource() == pyraButton) {
if (weights[1] <= 0.9) {
weights[0] -= 0.1;
weights[1] += 0.1;
myMorph.setWeights(weights);
}
}
}
/**
* Constructor that generates the content using the class methods
*/
public SimpleMorph() {
VirtualUniverse myUniverse = new VirtualUniverse();
Locale myLocale = new Locale(myUniverse);
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildViewBranch(myCanvas3D));
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildContentBranch());
setTitle("SimpleMorph");
setSize(400, 400);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Panel bottom = new Panel();
bottom.add(pyraButton);
bottom.add(cubeButton);
bottom.add(exitButton);
add(BorderLayout.CENTER, myCanvas3D);
add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, bottom);
pyraButton.addActionListener(this);
cubeButton.addActionListener(this);
exitButton.addActionListener(this);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SimpleMorph sw = new SimpleMorph();
}
}
</source>
An Object
<source lang="java">
// From: http://www.micg.et.fh-stralsund.de/Java3D/java3D.htm#Bild1
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.PolygonAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.QuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class FarbWurfelAsQuads extends Applet {
/**
* init Methoden fur die Darstellung als Applet
*/
public void init() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration();
canvas3D = new Canvas3D(config);
add("Center", canvas3D);
BranchGroup szene = macheSzene();
szene.rupile();
universe = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
universe.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
universe.addBranchGraph(szene);
}
/**
* Erstellt den Szenegraphen
*
* @return BranchGroup
*/
public BranchGroup macheSzene() {
BranchGroup objWurzel = new BranchGroup();
// Transformation, 2 Rotationen:
Transform3D drehung = new Transform3D();
Transform3D drehung2 = new Transform3D();
drehung.rotX(Math.PI / 4.0d);
drehung2.rotY(Math.PI / 5.0d);
drehung.mul(drehung2);
drehung.setScale(0.5d);
TransformGroup objDreh = new TransformGroup(drehung);
Shape3D shape = new Shape3D(makeCube(), makeAppearance());
objDreh.addChild(shape);
objWurzel.addChild(objDreh);
return objWurzel;
}
/**
* Erstellung des ColorCube
*
* @return
*/
private QuadArray makeCube() {
QuadArray plane = new QuadArray(24, GeometryArray.COORDINATES
| GeometryArray.COLOR_3);
// Punkte und Farben
Point3f pa = new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
Point3f pb = new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Point3f pc = new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Point3f pd = new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
Point3f pe = new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Point3f pf = new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
Point3f pg = new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
Point3f ph = new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
// Coloreigenschaften
Color3f red = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f blue = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
Color3f green = new Color3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f cyan = new Color3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Color3f yellow = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f magenta = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
// 1. Seite
plane.setCoordinate(0, pa);
plane.setColor(0, red);
plane.setCoordinate(1, pb);
plane.setColor(1, red);
plane.setCoordinate(2, pc);
plane.setColor(2, red);
plane.setCoordinate(3, pd);
plane.setColor(3, red);
// 2. Seite
plane.setCoordinate(4, pe);
plane.setColor(4, blue);
plane.setCoordinate(5, pf);
plane.setColor(5, blue);
plane.setCoordinate(6, pg);
plane.setColor(6, blue);
plane.setCoordinate(7, ph);
plane.setColor(7, blue);
// 3. Seite
plane.setCoordinate(8, pe);
plane.setColor(8, green);
plane.setCoordinate(9, pf);
plane.setColor(9, green);
plane.setCoordinate(10, pb);
plane.setColor(10, green);
plane.setCoordinate(11, pa);
plane.setColor(11, green);
// 4. Seite
plane.setCoordinate(12, pd);
plane.setColor(12, cyan);
plane.setCoordinate(13, pc);
plane.setColor(13, cyan);
plane.setCoordinate(14, pg);
plane.setColor(14, cyan);
plane.setCoordinate(15, ph);
plane.setColor(15, cyan);
// 5. Seite
plane.setCoordinate(16, pe);
plane.setColor(16, yellow);
plane.setCoordinate(17, pa);
plane.setColor(17, yellow);
plane.setCoordinate(18, pd);
plane.setColor(18, yellow);
plane.setCoordinate(19, ph);
plane.setColor(19, yellow);
// 6. Seite
plane.setCoordinate(20, pf);
plane.setColor(20, magenta);
plane.setCoordinate(21, pb);
plane.setColor(21, magenta);
plane.setCoordinate(22, pc);
plane.setColor(22, magenta);
plane.setCoordinate(23, pg);
plane.setColor(23, magenta);
// ubergib den Wurfel
return plane;
}
/**
* Wurfeldarstellung
*
* @return Appearance
*/
private Appearance makeAppearance() {
Appearance a = new Appearance();
PolygonAttributes p = new PolygonAttributes();
p.setCullFace(PolygonAttributes.CULL_NONE);
a.setPolygonAttributes(p);
return a;
}
/**
* gibt speicher frei
*/
public void destroy() {
universe.removeAllLocales();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
frame = new MainFrame(new FarbWurfelAsQuads(), 500, 500);
frame.setTitle("ColorCube mittels Geometrieklassen");
}
//---- Attribute -----------------------
private SimpleUniverse universe;
private Canvas3D canvas3D;
private static Frame frame;
}
</source>
Appearance Is Everything
<source lang="java">
/* The Joy of Java 3D by Greg Hopkins Copyright Copyright 2001
- /
/* There are many ways to change the way that objects in your scene look. You can change their color, how much light they reflect. You can paint them with two-dimensional images, or add rough textures to their surfaces. The Appearance class contains the functions for making these changes. This section shows you how to use these functions. The simplest way of setting the appearance is by specifying only the color and the shading method. This works for setting an object to being a simple color, but to make an object look realistic, you need to specify how an object appears under lights. You do this by creating a Material.
Step Example 1. Create an object Sphere sphere = new Sphere();
2. Create an appearance Appearance ap = new Appearance();
3. Create a color Color3f col = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
4. Create the coloring attributes ColoringAttributes ca = new ColoringAttributes
(col, ColoringAttributes.NICEST);
5. Add the attributes to the appearance ap.setColoringAttributes(ca);
6. Set the appearance for the object sphere.setAppearance(ap);
- /
</source>
A simple class using the an indexed quadrilateral array
<source lang="java">
/* Essential Java 3D Fast Ian Palmer Publisher: Springer-Verlag ISBN: 1-85233-394-4
- /
import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Button; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedQuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Node; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.AxisAngle4d; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; /**
* This builds a simple class using the an indexed quadrilateral array. This * demonstrates the use of the IndexedQuadArray class. It defines both the * vertices and the normals of the shape such that each vertex has only one * normal and it appears to have smooth edges. * * @author I.J.Palmer * @version 1.0 */
public class SimpleIndexedQuadSmooth extends Frame implements ActionListener {
protected Canvas3D myCanvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
protected Button myButton = new Button("Exit");
/**
* This function builds the view branch of the scene graph. It creates a
* branch group and then creates the necessary view elements to give a
* useful view of our content.
*
* @param c
* Canvas3D that will display the view
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the view elements
*/
protected BranchGroup buildViewBranch(Canvas3D c) {
BranchGroup viewBranch = new BranchGroup();
Transform3D viewXfm = new Transform3D();
viewXfm.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f));
TransformGroup viewXfmGroup = new TransformGroup(viewXfm);
ViewPlatform myViewPlatform = new ViewPlatform();
PhysicalBody myBody = new PhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment myEnvironment = new PhysicalEnvironment();
viewXfmGroup.addChild(myViewPlatform);
viewBranch.addChild(viewXfmGroup);
View myView = new View();
myView.addCanvas3D(c);
myView.attachViewPlatform(myViewPlatform);
myView.setPhysicalBody(myBody);
myView.setPhysicalEnvironment(myEnvironment);
return viewBranch;
}
/**
* Add some lights so that we can illuminate the scene. This adds one
* ambient light to bring up the overall lighting level and one directional
* shape to show the shape of the objects in the scene.
*
* @param b
* BranchGroup that the lights are to be added to.
*/
protected void addLights(BranchGroup b) {
//Create a bounding sphere to act as the active bounds
//of the lights
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
//Create the colours and directions
Color3f lightColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3f lightDir = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
//Create the lights
AmbientLight ambientLight = new AmbientLight(ambientColour);
ambientLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
DirectionalLight directionalLight = new DirectionalLight(lightColour,
lightDir);
directionalLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
//Add the lights to the branch
b.addChild(ambientLight);
b.addChild(directionalLight);
}
/**
* This builds the content branch of our scene graph. It uses the buildShape
* function to create the actual shape, adding to to the transform group so
* that the shape is slightly tilted to reveal its 3D shape. It also uses
* the addLights function to add some lights to the scene.
*
* @param shape
* Node that represents the geometry for the content
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the content branch
*/
protected BranchGroup buildContentBranch(Node shape) {
BranchGroup contentBranch = new BranchGroup();
Transform3D rotateCube = new Transform3D();
rotateCube.set(new AxisAngle4d(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, Math.PI / 4.0));
TransformGroup rotationGroup = new TransformGroup(rotateCube);
contentBranch.addChild(rotationGroup);
rotationGroup.addChild(shape);
addLights(contentBranch);
return contentBranch;
}
/**
* Build a cube from an IndexedQuadArray. This method creates the vertices
* as a set of eight points and the normals as a set of six vectors (one for
* each face). The data is then defined such that each vertex has a
* different normal associated with it when it is being used for a different
* face.
*
* @return Node that is the shape.
*/
protected Node buildShape() {
//The shape. The constructor specifies 8 vertices, that both
//vertices and normals are to be defined and that there are
//24 normals to be specified (4 for each of the 6 faces).
IndexedQuadArray indexedCube = new IndexedQuadArray(8,
IndexedQuadArray.COORDINATES | IndexedQuadArray.NORMALS, 24);
//The vertex coordinates defined as an array of points.
Point3f[] cubeCoordinates = { new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f) };
//The vertex normals defined as an array of vectors
Vector3f[] normals = { new Vector3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f) };
//Define the indices used to reference vertex array
int coordIndices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 2, 1,
0, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 2 };
//Define the indices used to reference normal array
int normalIndices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 2, 1,
0, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 2 };
//Set the data
indexedCube.setCoordinates(0, cubeCoordinates);
indexedCube.setNormals(0, normals);
indexedCube.setCoordinateIndices(0, coordIndices);
indexedCube.setNormalIndices(0, normalIndices);
//Define an appearance for the shape
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f emissiveColour = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f specularColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Color3f diffuseColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
float shininess = 20.0f;
app.setMaterial(new Material(ambientColour, emissiveColour,
diffuseColour, specularColour, shininess));
//Create and return the shape
return new Shape3D(indexedCube, app);
}
/**
* Handles the exit button action to quit the program.
*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
public SimpleIndexedQuadSmooth() {
VirtualUniverse myUniverse = new VirtualUniverse();
Locale myLocale = new Locale(myUniverse);
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildViewBranch(myCanvas3D));
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildContentBranch(buildShape()));
setTitle("SimpleIndexedQuadSmooth");
setSize(400, 400);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
add("Center", myCanvas3D);
add("South", myButton);
myButton.addActionListener(this);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SimpleIndexedQuadSmooth siqs = new SimpleIndexedQuadSmooth();
}
}
</source>
cg viewer
<source lang="java">
/*
* * This directory contains example code for using compressed geometry in Java 3D * through the com.sun.j3d.utils.rupression package. * * Applications: * * obj2cg -- takes the names of .obj files to compress followed by the name of a * .cg compressed geometry resource file. If the .cg file doesn"t exist, then an * attempt is made to create it; otherwise, new compressed geometry objects are * appended to the end. * * The .obj files are compressed and stored into the .cg file in the order in * which they appear in the command line, and can be accessed through indices [0 .. * fileCount-1] * * cgview -- takes the name of a .cg file and the index of the object to * display, which can range from [0 .. objectCount-1]. The object may rotated, * scaled, and translated in response to mouse drags. * * * Utility classes: * * ObjectFileCompressor.java -- Extends ObjectFile with compression methods. */
/*
* @(#)cgview.java 1.15 02/10/21 13:42:58 * * Copyright (c) 1996-2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: - * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this * list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - Redistribution in binary * form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and * the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided * with the distribution. * * Neither the name of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or the names of contributors may * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without * specific prior written permission. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR * NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING * OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS * LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, * INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER * CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY * OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * You acknowledge that Software is not designed,licensed or intended for use in * the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility. */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.Reader; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Hashtable; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.rupressedGeometry; import javax.media.j3d.rupressedGeometryHeader; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.IncorrectFormatException; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.ParsingErrorException; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.Scene; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.objectfile.ObjectFile; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.vp.OrbitBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.rupression.rupressedGeometryFile; import com.sun.j3d.utils.rupression.rupressionStream; import com.sun.j3d.utils.rupression.GeometryCompressor; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.ViewingPlatform; public class cgview extends Applet {
private SimpleUniverse u = null;
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph(CompressedGeometry cg) {
// Create the root of the branch graph
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Create a Transformgroup to scale all objects so they
// appear in the scene.
TransformGroup objScale = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setScale(0.7);
objScale.setTransform(t3d);
objRoot.addChild(objScale);
// Create the transform group node and initialize it to the
// identity. Enable the TRANSFORM_WRITE capability so that
// our behavior code can modify it at runtime. Add it to the
// root of the subgraph.
TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup();
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
objScale.addChild(objTrans);
// Add compressed geometry to the scene graph.
CompressedGeometryHeader hdr = new CompressedGeometryHeader();
cg.getCompressedGeometryHeader(hdr);
// There isn"t really enough information in the compressed geometry
// header to unamiguously determine the proper rendering attributes.
// The bufferDataPresent field specifies whether or not normals are
// bundled with vertices, but the compressed buffer can still contain
// normals that should be lit. Assume that any surface geometry
// should be lit and that lines and points should not unless the
// header contains the NORMAL_IN_BUFFER bit.
Material m = new Material();
if ((hdr.bufferType == hdr.TRIANGLE_BUFFER)
|| ((hdr.bufferDataPresent & hdr.NORMAL_IN_BUFFER) == 1))
m.setLightingEnable(true);
else
m.setLightingEnable(false);
Appearance a = new Appearance();
a.setMaterial(m);
objTrans.addChild(new Shape3D(cg, a));
// Create mouse behavior scheduling bounds.
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
// Set up the background
Color3f bgColor = new Color3f(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.5f);
Background bgNode = new Background(bgColor);
bgNode.setApplicationBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(bgNode);
// Set up the ambient light
Color3f ambientColor = new Color3f(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f);
AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(ambientColor);
ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(ambientLightNode);
// Set up the directional lights
Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.9f);
Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Color3f light2Color = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.9f);
Vector3f light2Direction = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -0.9f);
DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(light1Color,
light1Direction);
light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(light1);
DirectionalLight light2 = new DirectionalLight(light2Color,
light2Direction);
light2.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(light2);
return objRoot;
}
private void usage() {
System.out.println("Usage: cgview <.cg file> <object index>");
System.exit(0);
}
public cgview(String args[]) {
if (args.length < 1)
usage();
int index;
if (args.length < 2)
index = 0;
else
index = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
String filename = args[0];
if (filename == null)
usage();
// Read the compressed geometry.
CompressedGeometry cg = null;
try {
CompressedGeometryFile cgf;
cgf = new CompressedGeometryFile(filename, false);
if (cgf.getObjectCount() == 0) {
System.out.println("no objects were found in " + filename);
System.exit(0);
}
cg = cgf.read(index);
cgf.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e);
System.exit(0);
}
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration());
add("Center", c);
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph(cg);
u = new SimpleUniverse(c);
// add mouse behaviors to the ViewingPlatform
ViewingPlatform viewingPlatform = u.getViewingPlatform();
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
viewingPlatform.setNominalViewingTransform();
OrbitBehavior orbit = new OrbitBehavior(c, OrbitBehavior.REVERSE_ALL);
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
orbit.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
viewingPlatform.setViewPlatformBehavior(orbit);
u.addBranchGraph(scene);
}
public void destroy() {
u.cleanup();
}
//
// The following allows cgview to be run as an application
// as well as an applet.
//
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MainFrame(new cgview(args), 700, 700);
}
} class obj2cg {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
if (args.length < 2) {
System.out
.println("obj2cg wants the names of .obj files to compress,\n"
+ "followed by the name of a .cg file to create or to\n"
+ "which to append.");
System.exit(0);
}
CompressedGeometryFile file;
file = new CompressedGeometryFile(args[args.length - 1], true);
ObjectFileCompressor compressor;
compressor = new ObjectFileCompressor();
for (int i = 0; i < args.length - 1; i++)
compressor.rupress(args[i], file);
file.close();
}
} /**
* This extension of ObjectFile provides the methods setQuantization() and * compress() to compress Wavefront .obj files into the format described by * appendix B of the Java 3D specification. */
class ObjectFileCompressor extends ObjectFile {
private GeometryCompressor compressor = null;
public ObjectFileCompressor() {
super(STRIPIFY | TRIANGULATE);
compressor = new GeometryCompressor();
}
public ObjectFileCompressor(int flags) {
super(flags | STRIPIFY | TRIANGULATE);
compressor = new GeometryCompressor();
}
public ObjectFileCompressor(int flags, float radians) {
super(flags | STRIPIFY | TRIANGULATE, radians);
compressor = new GeometryCompressor();
}
public void setFlags(int flags) {
super.setFlags(flags | STRIPIFY | TRIANGULATE);
}
private int positionQuant = 10;
private int colorQuant = 8;
private int normalQuant = 3;
/**
* Set the position, normal, and color quantization values for compression.
*
* @param positionQuant
* number of bits to quantize each position"s X, Y, and Z
* components, ranging from 1 to 16 with a default of 10
* @param colorQuant
* number of bits to quantize each color"s R, G, B, and alpha
* components, ranging from 2 to 16 with a default of 8
* @param normalQuant
* number of bits for quantizing each normal"s U and V
* components, ranging from 0 to 6 with a default of 3
*/
public void setQuantization(int positionQuant, int colorQuant,
int normalQuant) {
this.positionQuant = positionQuant;
this.colorQuant = colorQuant;
this.normalQuant = normalQuant;
}
/**
* Compress the specified .obj file into a CompressedGeometry node
* component.
*
* @param objFileName
* String object representing the path to a .obj file
* @return a CompressedGeometry node component
*/
public CompressedGeometry compress(String objFileName) {
return compressScene(getScene(objFileName));
}
/**
* Compress the specified .obj file and add it to the end of an open
* compressed geometry file.
*
* @param objFileName
* String object representing the path to a .obj file
* @param file
* a currently open CompressedGeometryFile object
* @exception IOException -
* if write fails
*/
public void compress(String objFileName, CompressedGeometryFile file)
throws IOException {
compressScene(getScene(objFileName), file);
}
/**
* Compress the specified .obj file into a CompressedGeometry node
* component.
*
* @param reader
* an open .obj file
* @return a CompressedGeometry node component
*/
public CompressedGeometry compress(Reader reader) {
return compressScene(getScene(reader));
}
/**
* Compress the specified .obj file and add it to the end of an open
* compressed geometry file.
*
* @param reader
* an open .obj file
* @param file
* an open CompressedGeometryFile object
* @exception IOException -
* if write fails
*/
public void compress(Reader reader, CompressedGeometryFile file)
throws IOException {
compressScene(getScene(reader), file);
}
/**
* Compress the specified .obj file into a CompressedGeometry node
* component.
*
* @param url
* Uniform Resource Locator for the .obj file
* @return a CompressedGeometry node component
*/
public CompressedGeometry compress(URL url) {
return compressScene(getScene(url));
}
/**
* Compress the specified .obj file and add it to the end of an open
* compressed geometry file.
*
* @param url
* Uniform Resource Locator for the .obj file
* @param file
* a currently open CompressedGeometryFile object
* @exception IOException -
* if write fails
*/
public void compress(URL url, CompressedGeometryFile file)
throws IOException {
compressScene(getScene(url), file);
}
private CompressedGeometry compressScene(Scene scene) {
return compressor.rupress(getStream(scene));
}
private void compressScene(Scene scene, CompressedGeometryFile file)
throws IOException {
compressor.rupress(getStream(scene), file);
}
private CompressionStream getStream(Scene scene) {
Hashtable objs = scene.getNamedObjects();
Shape3D shapes[] = new Shape3D[objs.size()];
objs.values().toArray(shapes);
return new CompressionStream(positionQuant, colorQuant, normalQuant,
shapes);
}
private Scene getScene(String objFileName) {
Scene scene = null;
try {
scene = load(objFileName);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (ParsingErrorException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (IncorrectFormatException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
}
return scene;
}
private Scene getScene(Reader reader) {
Scene scene = null;
try {
scene = load(reader);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (ParsingErrorException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (IncorrectFormatException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
}
return scene;
}
private Scene getScene(URL url) {
Scene scene = null;
try {
scene = load(url);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (ParsingErrorException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (IncorrectFormatException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
}
return scene;
}
}
</source>
Color Yoyo
<source lang="java">
/*
* ColorYoyoApp.java 1.0 98/11/23
*
* Copyright (c) 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use,
* modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form,
* provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of
* the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner
* which is disparaging to Sun.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY
* IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
* NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
* OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS
* LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT,
* INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
* OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
* OF SUCH DAMAGES.
*
* This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of
* aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in
* the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility.
* Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or redistribute the
* Software for such purposes.
*/
/*
* Getting Started with the Java 3D API written in Java 3D * * This program demonstrates: 1. writing a visual object class In this program, * Yoyo class defines a visual object by extneding Shape3D. 2. Using * TriangleFanArray to create surfaces. Four TriangleFan array surfaces are * contained in an instance of Yoyo. In addition, the color for the Yoyo is set * in its geometry. */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.Geometry; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.TriangleFanArray; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class ColorYoyoApp extends Applet {
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create scene graph branch group
//
public class Yoyo extends Shape3D {
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create Shape3D with geometry and appearance
// the geometry is created in method yoyoGeometry
// the appearance is created in method yoyoAppearance
//
public Yoyo() {
this.setGeometry(yoyoGeometry());
} // end of Yoyo constructor
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create yoyo geometry
// four triangle fans represent the yoyo
// strip indicies_______________
// 0 0N+0 to 1N+0 ( 0 to N )
// 1 1N+1 to 2N+1
// 2 2N+2 to 3N+2
// 3 3N+4 to 4N+3
//
private Geometry yoyoGeometry() {
TriangleFanArray tfa;
int N = 17;
int totalN = 4 * (N + 1);
Point3f coords[] = new Point3f[totalN];
Color3f colors[] = new Color3f[totalN];
Color3f red = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f yellow = new Color3f(0.7f, 0.5f, 0.0f);
int stripCounts[] = { N + 1, N + 1, N + 1, N + 1 };
float r = 0.6f;
float w = 0.4f;
int n;
double a;
float x, y;
// set the central points for four triangle fan strips
coords[0 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, w);
coords[1 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
coords[2 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
coords[3 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -w);
colors[0 * (N + 1)] = red;
colors[1 * (N + 1)] = yellow;
colors[2 * (N + 1)] = yellow;
colors[3 * (N + 1)] = red;
for (a = 0, n = 0; n < N; a = 2.0 * Math.PI / (N - 1) * ++n) {
x = (float) (r * Math.cos(a));
y = (float) (r * Math.sin(a));
coords[0 * (N + 1) + n + 1] = new Point3f(x, y, w);
coords[1 * (N + 1) + N - n] = new Point3f(x, y, w);
coords[2 * (N + 1) + n + 1] = new Point3f(x, y, -w);
coords[3 * (N + 1) + N - n] = new Point3f(x, y, -w);
colors[0 * (N + 1) + N - n] = red;
colors[1 * (N + 1) + n + 1] = yellow;
colors[2 * (N + 1) + N - n] = yellow;
colors[3 * (N + 1) + n + 1] = red;
}
tfa = new TriangleFanArray(totalN, TriangleFanArray.COORDINATES
| TriangleFanArray.COLOR_3, stripCounts);
tfa.setCoordinates(0, coords);
tfa.setColors(0, colors);
return tfa;
} // end of method yoyoGeometry in class Yoyo
} // end of class Yoyo
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create scene graph branch group
//
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph() {
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Create the transform group node and initialize it to the
// identity. Enable the TRANSFORM_WRITE capability so that
// our behavior code can modify it at runtime. Add it to the
// root of the subgraph.
TransformGroup objSpin = new TransformGroup();
objSpin.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objRoot.addChild(objSpin);
objSpin.addChild(new Yoyo());
// Create a new Behavior object that will perform the desired
// operation on the specified transform object and add it into
// the scene graph.
Transform3D yAxis = new Transform3D();
Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, 4000);
RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha,
objSpin);
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
rotator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objSpin.addChild(rotator);
// Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph.
objRoot.rupile();
return objRoot;
} // end of CreateSceneGraph method of ColorYoyoApp
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
public ColorYoyoApp() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Canvas3D canvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
add("Center", canvas3D);
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph();
// SimpleUniverse is a Convenience Utility class
SimpleUniverse simpleU = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
simpleU.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
simpleU.addBranchGraph(scene);
} // end of ColorYoyoApp constructor
// The following allows this to be run as an application
// as well as an applet
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new MainFrame(new ColorYoyoApp(), 256, 256);
} // end of main method of ColorYoyoApp
} // end of class ColorYoyoApp
</source>
Door App
<source lang="java">
/*
* @(#)DoorApp.java 1.0 99/06/15 11:42:40
*
* Copyright (c) 1996-1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use,
* modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form,
* provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of
* the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner
* which is disparaging to Sun.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY
* IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
* NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
* OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS
* LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT,
* INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
* OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
* OF SUCH DAMAGES.
*
* This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of
* aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in
* the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility.
* Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or redistribute the
* Software for such purposes.
*/
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.util.Enumeration; import javax.media.j3d.Behavior; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupCriterion; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnAWTEvent; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnBehaviorPost; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnElapsedFrames; import javax.vecmath.Matrix3d; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.ColorCube; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class DoorApp extends Applet {
public class OpenBehavior extends Behavior {
private TransformGroup targetTG;
private WakeupCriterion pairPostCondition;
private WakeupCriterion wakeupNextFrame;
private WakeupCriterion AWTEventCondition;
private Transform3D t3D = new Transform3D();
private Matrix3d rotMat = new Matrix3d();
private double doorAngle;
OpenBehavior(TransformGroup targetTG) {
this.targetTG = targetTG;
AWTEventCondition = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(KeyEvent.KEY_PRESSED);
wakeupNextFrame = new WakeupOnElapsedFrames(0);
}
public void setBehaviorObjectPartner(Behavior behaviorObject) {
pairPostCondition = new WakeupOnBehaviorPost(behaviorObject, 1);
}
public void initialize() {
this.wakeupOn(AWTEventCondition);
doorAngle = 0.0;
}
public void processStimulus(Enumeration criteria) {
if (criteria.nextElement().equals(pairPostCondition)) {
System.out.println("ready to open door");
this.wakeupOn(AWTEventCondition);
doorAngle = 0.0f;
} else { // could be KeyPress or nextFrame, in either case: open
if (doorAngle < 1.6) {
doorAngle += 0.1;
if (doorAngle > 1.6)
doorAngle = 1.6;
// get rotation and scale portion of transform
targetTG.getTransform(t3D);
t3D.getRotationScale(rotMat);
// set y-axis rotation to doorAngle
// (clobber any previous y-rotation, x and z scale)
rotMat.m00 = Math.cos(doorAngle);
rotMat.m22 = rotMat.m00;
rotMat.m02 = Math.sin(doorAngle);
rotMat.m20 = -rotMat.m02;
t3D.setRotation(rotMat);
targetTG.setTransform(t3D);
this.wakeupOn(wakeupNextFrame);
} else { // finished opening door, signal other behavior
System.out.println("door is open");
this.wakeupOn(pairPostCondition);
postId(1);
}
}
}
} // end of class OpenBehavior
public class CloseBehavior extends Behavior {
private TransformGroup targetTG;
private WakeupCriterion pairPostCondition;
private WakeupCriterion wakeupNextFrame;
private WakeupCriterion AWTEventCondition;
private Transform3D t3D = new Transform3D();
private Matrix3d rotMat = new Matrix3d();
private double doorAngle;
CloseBehavior(TransformGroup targetTG) {
this.targetTG = targetTG;
AWTEventCondition = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(KeyEvent.KEY_PRESSED);
wakeupNextFrame = new WakeupOnElapsedFrames(0);
}
public void setBehaviorObjectPartner(Behavior behaviorObject) {
pairPostCondition = new WakeupOnBehaviorPost(behaviorObject, 1);
}
public void initialize() {
this.wakeupOn(pairPostCondition);
doorAngle = 1.6;
}
public void processStimulus(Enumeration criteria) {
if (criteria.nextElement().equals(pairPostCondition)) {
System.out.println("ready to close door");
this.wakeupOn(AWTEventCondition);
doorAngle = 1.6f;
} else { // could be KeyPress or nextFrame, in either case: close
if (doorAngle > 0.0) {
doorAngle -= 0.1;
if (doorAngle < 0.0)
doorAngle = 0.0;
// get rotation and scale portion of transform
targetTG.getTransform(t3D);
t3D.getRotationScale(rotMat);
// set y-axis rotation to doorAngle
// (clobber any previous y-rotation, x and z scale)
rotMat.m00 = Math.cos(doorAngle);
rotMat.m22 = rotMat.m00;
rotMat.m02 = Math.sin(doorAngle);
rotMat.m20 = -rotMat.m02;
t3D.setRotation(rotMat);
targetTG.setTransform(t3D);
this.wakeupOn(wakeupNextFrame);
} else { // finished opening door, signal other behavior
System.out.println("door is closed");
this.wakeupOn(pairPostCondition);
postId(1);
}
}
}
} // end of class CloseBehavior
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph() {
// Create the root of the branch graph
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
TransformGroup doorTG = new TransformGroup();
doorTG.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
doorTG.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
OpenBehavior openObject = new OpenBehavior(doorTG);
CloseBehavior closeObject = new CloseBehavior(doorTG);
//prepare the behavior objects
openObject.setBehaviorObjectPartner(closeObject);
closeObject.setBehaviorObjectPartner(openObject);
// set scheduling bounds for behavior objects
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere();
openObject.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
closeObject.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
// assemble scene graph
objRoot.addChild(openObject);
objRoot.addChild(closeObject);
objRoot.addChild(doorTG);
doorTG.addChild(new ColorCube(0.4));
// Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph.
objRoot.rupile();
return objRoot;
} // end of CreateSceneGraph method of DoorApp
public DoorApp() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Canvas3D canvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
add("Center", canvas3D);
// SimpleUniverse is a Convenience Utility class
SimpleUniverse simpleU = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
simpleU.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph();
simpleU.addBranchGraph(scene);
} // end of DoorApp (constructor)
// The following allows this to be run as an application
// as well as an applet
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out
.print("DoorApp.java \n- a demonstration of coordinating behavior ");
System.out.println("objects for complex behaviors in a Java 3D scene.");
System.out
.println("When the app loads, press a key to make the "door" open and close.");
System.out
.println("This is an example progam from The Java 3D API Tutorial.");
System.out.println("The Java 3D Tutorial is available on the web at:");
System.out.println("http://www.sun.ru/desktop/java3d/collateral");
Frame frame = new MainFrame(new DoorApp(), 256, 256);
} // end of main (method of DoorApp)
} // end of class DoorApp
</source>
Example Switch
<source lang="java">
/*
* * Copyright (c) 1998 David R. Nadeau * */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.AWTEvent; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.CheckboxMenuItem; import java.awt.ruponent; import java.awt.Cursor; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.Menu; import java.awt.MenuBar; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.InputEvent; import java.awt.event.ItemEvent; import java.awt.event.ItemListener; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import java.awt.event.WindowListener; import java.io.File; import java.util.BitSet; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.EventListener; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Behavior; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedQuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedTriangleStripArray; import javax.media.j3d.Light; import javax.media.j3d.Link; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.SharedGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Switch; import javax.media.j3d.Texture; import javax.media.j3d.TextureAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupCriterion; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnAWTEvent; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnElapsedFrames; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOr; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Matrix4d; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Sphere; import com.sun.j3d.utils.image.TextureLoader; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.PlatformGeometry; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.Viewer; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.ViewingPlatform; public class ExSwitch extends Java3DFrame {
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// SCENE CONTENT
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Nodes (updated via menu)
//
private Switch swtch = null;
private int currentSwitch = 0;
//
// Build scene
//
public Group buildScene() {
// Turn on the example headlight
setHeadlightEnable(true);
// Default to walk navigation
setNavigationType(Walk);
// Build the scene group
Group scene = new Group();
if (debug)
System.err.println(" switch shapes...");
// BEGIN EXAMPLE TOPIC
// Build the switch group and allow its switch
// value to be changed via menu items
swtch = new Switch();
swtch.setCapability(Switch.ALLOW_SWITCH_WRITE);
// Create several shapes to place in a switch group
// Child 0: a red sphere
Appearance app0 = new Appearance();
Material mat0 = new Material();
mat0.setAmbientColor(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
mat0.setDiffuseColor(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.2f);
mat0.setSpecularColor(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f);
app0.setMaterial(mat0);
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3f(-2.0f, 1.5f, 0.0f));
TransformGroup tg0 = new TransformGroup(t3d);
Sphere sph0 = new Sphere(0.5f, // radius
Primitive.GENERATE_NORMALS, // components
16, // facets
app0); // appearance
tg0.addChild(sph0);
swtch.addChild(tg0); // Child 0
// Child 1: a green sphere
Appearance app1 = new Appearance();
Material mat1 = new Material();
mat1.setAmbientColor(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
mat1.setDiffuseColor(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
mat1.setSpecularColor(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f);
app1.setMaterial(mat1);
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.5f, 0.0f));
TransformGroup tg1 = new TransformGroup(t3d);
Sphere sph1 = new Sphere(0.5f, // radius
Primitive.GENERATE_NORMALS, // components
16, // facets
app1); // appearance
tg1.addChild(sph1);
swtch.addChild(tg1); // Child 1
// Child 2: a blue sphere
Appearance app2 = new Appearance();
Material mat2 = new Material();
mat2.setAmbientColor(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
mat2.setDiffuseColor(0.0f, 0.6f, 1.0f);
mat2.setSpecularColor(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f);
app2.setMaterial(mat2);
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3f(2.0f, 1.5f, 0.0f));
TransformGroup tg2 = new TransformGroup(t3d);
Sphere sph2 = new Sphere(0.5f, // radius
Primitive.GENERATE_NORMALS, // components
16, // facets
app2); // appearance
tg2.addChild(sph2);
swtch.addChild(tg2);
// Set the initial child choice
swtch.setWhichChild(options[currentSwitch].child);
scene.addChild(swtch);
// END EXAMPLE TOPIC
// Build foreground geometry including a floor and
// columns on which the switchable shapes stand
// Load textures
TextureLoader texLoader = new TextureLoader("granite07rev.jpg", this);
Texture columnTex = texLoader.getTexture();
if (columnTex == null)
System.err.println("Cannot load granite07rev.jpg texture");
else {
columnTex.setBoundaryModeS(Texture.WRAP);
columnTex.setBoundaryModeT(Texture.WRAP);
columnTex.setMinFilter(Texture.NICEST);
columnTex.setMagFilter(Texture.NICEST);
columnTex.setMipMapMode(Texture.BASE_LEVEL);
columnTex.setEnable(true);
}
texLoader = new TextureLoader("flooring.jpg", this);
Texture groundTex = texLoader.getTexture();
if (groundTex == null)
System.err.println("Cannot load flooring.jpg texture");
else {
groundTex.setBoundaryModeS(Texture.WRAP);
groundTex.setBoundaryModeT(Texture.WRAP);
groundTex.setMinFilter(Texture.NICEST);
groundTex.setMagFilter(Texture.NICEST);
groundTex.setMipMapMode(Texture.BASE_LEVEL);
groundTex.setEnable(true);
}
//
// Build several columns on the floor
//
if (debug)
System.err.println(" columns...");
SharedGroup column = new SharedGroup();
Appearance columnApp = new Appearance();
Material columnMat = new Material();
columnMat.setAmbientColor(0.6f, 0.6f, 0.6f);
columnMat.setDiffuseColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
columnMat.setSpecularColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
columnApp.setMaterial(columnMat);
TextureAttributes columnTexAtt = new TextureAttributes();
columnTexAtt.setTextureMode(TextureAttributes.MODULATE);
columnTexAtt.setPerspectiveCorrectionMode(TextureAttributes.NICEST);
columnApp.setTextureAttributes(columnTexAtt);
if (columnTex != null)
columnApp.setTexture(columnTex);
GothicColumn columnShape = new GothicColumn(1.8f, // height
0.25f, // radius
GothicColumn.BUILD_TOP, // flags
columnApp); // appearance
column.addChild(columnShape);
Vector3f trans = new Vector3f();
Transform3D tr = new Transform3D();
TransformGroup tg;
// Left
trans.set(-2.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
tr.set(trans);
tg = new TransformGroup(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(column));
scene.addChild(tg);
// Middle
trans.set(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
tr.set(trans);
tg = new TransformGroup(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(column));
scene.addChild(tg);
// Right
trans.set(2.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
tr.set(trans);
tg = new TransformGroup(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(column));
scene.addChild(tg);
//
// Add the ground
//
if (debug)
System.err.println(" ground...");
Appearance groundApp = new Appearance();
Material groundMat = new Material();
groundMat.setAmbientColor(0.6f, 0.6f, 0.6f);
groundMat.setDiffuseColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
groundMat.setSpecularColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
groundApp.setMaterial(groundMat);
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.setScale(new Vector3d(4.0, 4.0, 1.0));
TextureAttributes groundTexAtt = new TextureAttributes();
groundTexAtt.setTextureMode(TextureAttributes.MODULATE);
groundTexAtt.setPerspectiveCorrectionMode(TextureAttributes.NICEST);
groundTexAtt.setTextureTransform(tr);
groundApp.setTextureAttributes(groundTexAtt);
if (groundTex != null)
groundApp.setTexture(groundTex);
ElevationGrid ground = new ElevationGrid(11, // X dimension
11, // Z dimension
2.0f, // X spacing
2.0f, // Z spacing
// Automatically use zero heights
groundApp); // Appearance
trans.set(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
tr.set(trans);
tg = new TransformGroup(tr);
tg.addChild(ground);
scene.addChild(tg);
// Add a light
BoundingSphere worldBounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0,
0.0), // Center
1000.0); // Extent
DirectionalLight light = new DirectionalLight();
light.setEnable(true);
light.setColor(new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
light.setDirection(new Vector3f(0.5f, -1.0f, -0.5f));
light.setInfluencingBounds(worldBounds);
scene.addChild(light);
return scene;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// USER INTERFACE
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Main
//
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExSwitch ex = new ExSwitch();
ex.initialize(args);
ex.buildUniverse();
ex.showFrame();
}
//
// Private class for holding switch options
//
private class NameChildMask {
public String name;
public int child;
public BitSet mask;
public NameChildMask(String n, int c, int m) {
name = n;
child = c;
mask = new BitSet(3);
if ((m & 1) != 0)
mask.set(0);
if ((m & 2) != 0)
mask.set(1);
if ((m & 4) != 0)
mask.set(2);
}
}
// Switch menu choices
private NameChildMask[] options = {
new NameChildMask("CHILD_ALL", Switch.CHILD_ALL, 0),
new NameChildMask("CHILD_NONE", Switch.CHILD_NONE, 0),
new NameChildMask("Child 0", 0, 0),
new NameChildMask("Child 1", 1, 0),
new NameChildMask("Child 2", 2, 0),
new NameChildMask("Children 0 & 1", Switch.CHILD_MASK, 3),
new NameChildMask("Children 0 & 2", Switch.CHILD_MASK, 5),
new NameChildMask("Children 1 & 2", Switch.CHILD_MASK, 6), };
private CheckboxMenuItem[] switchMenu;
//
// Initialize the GUI (application and applet)
//
public void initialize(String[] args) {
// Initialize the window, menubar, etc.
super.initialize(args);
exampleFrame.setTitle("Java 3D Switch Example");
// Add a menu to select among switch options
Menu mt = new Menu("Switch");
switchMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem[options.length];
for (int i = 0; i < options.length; i++) {
switchMenu[i] = new CheckboxMenuItem(options[i].name);
switchMenu[i].addItemListener(this);
switchMenu[i].setState(false);
mt.add(switchMenu[i]);
}
exampleMenuBar.add(mt);
currentSwitch = 0;
switchMenu[currentSwitch].setState(true);
}
//
// Handle checkboxes
//
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent event) {
Object src = event.getSource();
// Check if it is switch choice
for (int i = 0; i < switchMenu.length; i++) {
if (src == switchMenu[i]) {
// Update the checkboxes
switchMenu[currentSwitch].setState(false);
currentSwitch = i;
switchMenu[currentSwitch].setState(true);
// Set the switch
swtch.setWhichChild(options[currentSwitch].child);
swtch.setChildMask(options[currentSwitch].mask);
return;
}
}
// Handle all other checkboxes
super.itemStateChanged(event);
}
} // //CLASS //ElevationGrid - a 3D terrain grid built from a list of heights // //DESCRIPTION //This class creates a 3D terrain on a grid whose X and Z dimensions, //and row/column spacing are parameters, along with a list of heights //(elevations), one per grid row/column pair. // class ElevationGrid extends Primitive {
// Parameters
protected int xDimension = 0, zDimension = 0;
protected double xSpacing = 0.0, zSpacing = 0.0;
protected double[] heights = null;
// 3D nodes
private Appearance mainAppearance = null;
private Shape3D shape = null;
private IndexedTriangleStripArray tristrip = null;
//
// Construct an elevation grid
//
public ElevationGrid() {
xDimension = 2;
zDimension = 2;
xSpacing = 1.0;
zSpacing = 1.0;
mainAppearance = null;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = 1.0;
zSpacing = 1.0;
mainAppearance = null;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, Appearance app) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = 1.0;
zSpacing = 1.0;
mainAppearance = app;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double xSpace, double zSpace) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = xSpace;
zSpacing = zSpace;
mainAppearance = null;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double xSpace, double zSpace,
Appearance app) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = xSpace;
zSpacing = zSpace;
mainAppearance = app;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double[] h) {
this(xDim, zDim, 1.0, 1.0, h, null);
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double[] h, Appearance app) {
this(xDim, zDim, 1.0, 1.0, h, app);
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double xSpace, double zSpace,
double[] h) {
this(xDim, zDim, xSpace, zSpace, h, null);
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double xSpace, double zSpace,
double[] h, Appearance app) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = xSpace;
zSpacing = zSpace;
mainAppearance = app;
if (h == null)
zeroHeights();
else {
heights = new double[h.length];
for (int i = 0; i < h.length; i++)
heights[i] = h[i];
}
rebuild();
}
private void zeroHeights() {
int n = xDimension * zDimension;
heights = new double[n];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
heights[i] = 0.0;
}
private void rebuild() {
// Build a shape
if (shape == null) {
shape = new Shape3D();
shape.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_APPEARANCE_WRITE);
shape.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_GEOMETRY_WRITE);
shape.setAppearance(mainAppearance);
addChild(shape);
} else {
shape.setAppearance(mainAppearance);
}
if (xDimension < 2 || zDimension < 2 || heights == null
|| heights.length < 4) {
tristrip = null;
shape.setGeometry(null);
return;
}
// Create a list of coordinates, one per grid row/column
double[] coordinates = new double[xDimension * zDimension * 3];
double x, z;
int n = 0, k = 0;
z = ((double) (zDimension - 1)) * zSpacing / 2.0; // start at front edge
for (int i = 0; i < zDimension; i++) {
x = -((double) (xDimension - 1)) * xSpacing / 2.0;// start at left
// edge
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension; j++) {
coordinates[n++] = x;
coordinates[n++] = heights[k++];
coordinates[n++] = z;
x += xSpacing;
}
z -= zSpacing;
}
// Create a list of normals, one per grid row/column
float[] normals = new float[xDimension * zDimension * 3];
Vector3f one = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Vector3f two = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Vector3f norm = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
n = 0;
k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < zDimension - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension - 1; j++) {
// Vector to right in X
one.set((float) xSpacing,
(float) (heights[k + 1] - heights[k]), 0.0f);
// Vector back in Z
two.set(0.0f, (float) (heights[k + xDimension] - heights[k]),
(float) -zSpacing);
// Cross them to get the normal
norm.cross(one, two);
normals[n++] = norm.x;
normals[n++] = norm.y;
normals[n++] = norm.z;
k++;
}
// Last normal in row is a copy of the previous one
normals[n] = normals[n - 3]; // X
normals[n + 1] = normals[n - 2]; // Y
normals[n + 2] = normals[n - 1]; // Z
n += 3;
k++;
}
// Last row of normals is a copy of the previous row
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension; j++) {
normals[n] = normals[n - xDimension * 3]; // X
normals[n + 1] = normals[n - xDimension * 3 + 1]; // Y
normals[n + 2] = normals[n - xDimension * 3 + 2]; // Z
n += 3;
}
// Create a list of texture coordinates, one per grid row/column
float[] texcoordinates = new float[xDimension * zDimension * 2];
float deltaS = 1.0f / (float) (xDimension - 1);
float deltaT = 1.0f / (float) (zDimension - 1);
float s = 0.0f;
float t = 0.0f;
n = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < zDimension; i++) {
s = 0.0f;
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension; j++) {
texcoordinates[n++] = s;
texcoordinates[n++] = t;
s += deltaS;
}
t += deltaT;
}
// Create a list of triangle strip indexes. Each strip goes
// down one row (X direction) of the elevation grid.
int[] indexes = new int[xDimension * (zDimension - 1) * 2];
int[] stripCounts = new int[zDimension - 1];
n = 0;
k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < zDimension - 1; i++) {
stripCounts[i] = xDimension * 2;
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension; j++) {
indexes[n++] = k + xDimension;
indexes[n++] = k;
k++;
}
}
// Create geometry for collection of triangle strips, one
// strip per row of the elevation grid
tristrip = new IndexedTriangleStripArray(coordinates.length,
GeometryArray.COORDINATES | GeometryArray.NORMALS
| GeometryArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2, indexes.length,
stripCounts);
tristrip.setCoordinates(0, coordinates);
tristrip.setNormals(0, normals);
tristrip.setTextureCoordinates(0, texcoordinates);
tristrip.setCoordinateIndices(0, indexes);
tristrip.setNormalIndices(0, indexes);
tristrip.setTextureCoordinateIndices(0, indexes);
// Set the geometry for the shape
shape.setGeometry(tristrip);
}
//
// Control the appearance
//
public void setAppearance(Appearance app) {
mainAppearance = app;
if (shape != null)
shape.setAppearance(mainAppearance);
}
//
// Control grid parameters
//
public void setHeights(double[] h) {
if (h == null)
zeroHeights();
else {
heights = new double[h.length];
for (int i = 0; i < h.length; i++)
heights[i] = h[i];
}
rebuild();
}
public double[] getHeights() {
return heights;
}
public void setXDimension(int xDim) {
xDimension = xDim;
rebuild();
}
public int getXDimension() {
return xDimension;
}
public void setZDimension(int zDim) {
zDimension = zDim;
rebuild();
}
public int getZDimension() {
return zDimension;
}
public void setXSpacing(double xSpace) {
xSpacing = xSpace;
rebuild();
}
public double getXSpacing() {
return xSpacing;
}
public void setZSpacing(double zSpace) {
zSpacing = zSpace;
rebuild();
}
public double getZSpacing() {
return zSpacing;
}
//
// Provide info on the shape and geometry
//
public Shape3D getShape(int partid) {
return shape;
}
public int getNumTriangles() {
return xDimension * zDimension * 2;
}
public int getNumVertices() {
return xDimension * zDimension;
}
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive#getAppearance(int)
*/
public Appearance getAppearance(int arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
} // //CLASS //GothicColumn - Gothic-style column used in example scenes // //DESCRIPTION //This class builds a Gothic-column architectural column. // //SEE ALSO //? // //AUTHOR //David R. Nadeau / San Diego Supercomputer Center // // class GothicColumn extends Primitive {
//
// Construction Flags
//
public final static int BUILD_TAPERED_CROWN = 0x1;
public final static int BUILD_TOP = 0x2;
public final static int BUILD_BOTTOM = 0x4;
//
// 3D nodes
//
private Appearance mainAppearance = null;
//
// Construct a column
//
public GothicColumn(float height, float radius, Appearance app) {
this(height, radius, 0, app);
}
public GothicColumn(float height, float radius, int flags, Appearance app) {
mainAppearance = app;
// Compute sizes and positions based upon the
// desired main column radius
// Base box
float baseWidth = 2.7f * radius;
float baseDepth = baseWidth;
float baseHeight = 0.75f * radius / 2.0f;
// Base box #2
float base2Width = 0.8f * baseWidth;
float base2Depth = base2Width;
float base2Height = baseHeight / 2.0f;
// Tapered crown
float crownWidth1 = 2.0f * 0.707f * radius;
float crownDepth1 = crownWidth1;
float crownWidth2 = 1.0f * base2Width;
float crownDepth2 = 1.0f * base2Depth;
float crownHeight = 2.0f * baseHeight;
// Box above tapered crown
float crown2Width = 1.1f * base2Width;
float crown2Depth = 1.1f * base2Depth;
float crown2Height = base2Height;
// Final crown box
float crown3Width = 1.1f * baseWidth;
float crown3Depth = 1.1f * baseDepth;
float crown3Height = baseHeight;
// Cylindrical column
// Extend it up and into the tapered crown
float columnHeight = height - baseHeight - base2Height - crown2Height
- crown3Height;
float columnRadius = radius;
float baseY = baseHeight / 2.0f;
float base2Y = baseHeight + base2Height / 2.0f;
float columnY = baseHeight + base2Height + columnHeight / 2.0f;
float crown2Y = baseHeight + base2Height + columnHeight + crown2Height
/ 2.0f;
float crown3Y = baseHeight + base2Height + columnHeight + crown2Height
+ crown3Height / 2.0f;
float crownY = crown2Y - crown2Height / 2.0f - crownHeight / 2.0f;
// Column base box
int fl = BUILD_TOP;
if ((flags & BUILD_BOTTOM) != 0)
fl |= BUILD_BOTTOM;
addBox(baseWidth, baseHeight, baseDepth, baseY, fl);
// Column base box #2 (no bottom)
addBox(base2Width, base2Height, base2Depth, base2Y, BUILD_TOP);
// Main column (no top or bottom)
addCylinder(columnRadius, columnHeight, columnY);
// Column crown tapered box (no top or bottom)
if ((flags & BUILD_TAPERED_CROWN) != 0) {
addBox(crownWidth1, crownHeight, crownDepth1, crownY, crownWidth2,
crownDepth2, 0);
}
// Box above tapered crown (no top)
addBox(crown2Width, crown2Height, crown2Depth, crown2Y, BUILD_BOTTOM);
// Final crown box
fl = BUILD_BOTTOM;
if ((flags & BUILD_TOP) != 0)
fl |= BUILD_TOP;
addBox(crown3Width, crown3Height, crown3Depth, crown3Y, fl);
}
//
// Add an untapered box
//
private void addBox(float width, float height, float depth, float y) {
addBox(width, height, depth, y, width, depth, 0);
}
private void addBox(float width, float height, float depth, float y,
int flags) {
addBox(width, height, depth, y, width, depth, flags);
}
private void addBox(float width, float height, float depth, float y,
float width2, float depth2) {
addBox(width, height, depth, y, width2, depth2, 0);
}
//
// Add a tapered box
//
private void addBox(float width, float height, float depth, float y,
float width2, float depth2, int flags) {
float[] coordinates = {
// around the bottom
-width / 2.0f, -height / 2.0f, depth / 2.0f, width / 2.0f,
-height / 2.0f, depth / 2.0f, width / 2.0f, -height / 2.0f,
-depth / 2.0f, -width / 2.0f, -height / 2.0f, -depth / 2.0f,
// around the top
-width2 / 2.0f, height / 2.0f, depth2 / 2.0f, width2 / 2.0f,
height / 2.0f, depth2 / 2.0f, width2 / 2.0f, height / 2.0f,
-depth2 / 2.0f, -width2 / 2.0f, height / 2.0f, -depth2 / 2.0f, };
int[] fullCoordinateIndexes = { 0, 1, 5, 4, // front
1, 2, 6, 5, // right
2, 3, 7, 6, // back
3, 0, 4, 7, // left
4, 5, 6, 7, // top
3, 2, 1, 0, // bottom
};
float v = -(width2 - width) / height;
float[] normals = { 0.0f, v, 1.0f, // front
1.0f, v, 0.0f, // right
0.0f, v, -1.0f, // back
-1.0f, v, 0.0f, // left
0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top
0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom
};
int[] fullNormalIndexes = { 0, 0, 0, 0, // front
1, 1, 1, 1, // right
2, 2, 2, 2, // back
3, 3, 3, 3, // left
4, 4, 4, 4, // top
5, 5, 5, 5, // bottom
};
float[] textureCoordinates = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 1.0f, };
int[] fullTextureCoordinateIndexes = { 0, 1, 2, 3, // front
0, 1, 2, 3, // right
0, 1, 2, 3, // back
0, 1, 2, 3, // left
0, 1, 2, 3, // top
0, 1, 2, 3, // bottom
};
// Select indexes needed
int[] coordinateIndexes;
int[] normalIndexes;
int[] textureCoordinateIndexes;
if (flags == 0) {
// build neither top or bottom
coordinateIndexes = new int[4 * 4];
textureCoordinateIndexes = new int[4 * 4];
normalIndexes = new int[4 * 4];
for (int i = 0; i < 4 * 4; i++) {
coordinateIndexes[i] = fullCoordinateIndexes[i];
textureCoordinateIndexes[i] = fullTextureCoordinateIndexes[i];
normalIndexes[i] = fullNormalIndexes[i];
}
} else if ((flags & (BUILD_TOP | BUILD_BOTTOM)) == (BUILD_TOP | BUILD_BOTTOM)) {
// build top and bottom
coordinateIndexes = fullCoordinateIndexes;
textureCoordinateIndexes = fullTextureCoordinateIndexes;
normalIndexes = fullNormalIndexes;
} else if ((flags & BUILD_TOP) != 0) {
// build top but not bottom
coordinateIndexes = new int[5 * 4];
textureCoordinateIndexes = new int[5 * 4];
normalIndexes = new int[5 * 4];
for (int i = 0; i < 5 * 4; i++) {
coordinateIndexes[i] = fullCoordinateIndexes[i];
textureCoordinateIndexes[i] = fullTextureCoordinateIndexes[i];
normalIndexes[i] = fullNormalIndexes[i];
}
} else {
// build bottom but not top
coordinateIndexes = new int[5 * 4];
textureCoordinateIndexes = new int[5 * 4];
normalIndexes = new int[5 * 4];
for (int i = 0; i < 4 * 4; i++) {
coordinateIndexes[i] = fullCoordinateIndexes[i];
textureCoordinateIndexes[i] = fullTextureCoordinateIndexes[i];
normalIndexes[i] = fullNormalIndexes[i];
}
for (int i = 5 * 4; i < 6 * 4; i++) {
coordinateIndexes[i - 4] = fullCoordinateIndexes[i];
textureCoordinateIndexes[i - 4] = fullTextureCoordinateIndexes[i];
normalIndexes[i - 4] = fullNormalIndexes[i];
}
}
IndexedQuadArray quads = new IndexedQuadArray(coordinates.length, // number
// of
// vertexes
GeometryArray.COORDINATES | // vertex coordinates given
GeometryArray.NORMALS | // normals given
GeometryArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2, // texture
// coordinates given
coordinateIndexes.length); // number of coordinate indexes
quads.setCoordinates(0, coordinates);
quads.setCoordinateIndices(0, coordinateIndexes);
quads.setNormals(0, normals);
quads.setNormalIndices(0, normalIndexes);
quads.setTextureCoordinates(0, textureCoordinates);
quads.setTextureCoordinateIndices(0, textureCoordinateIndexes);
Shape3D box = new Shape3D(quads, mainAppearance);
Vector3f trans = new Vector3f(0.0f, y, 0.0f);
Transform3D tr = new Transform3D();
tr.set(trans); // translate
TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup(tr);
tg.addChild(box);
addChild(tg);
}
private final static int NSTEPS = 16;
private void addCylinder(float radius, float height, float y) {
//
// Compute coordinates, normals, and texture coordinates
// around the top and bottom of a cylinder
//
float[] coordinates = new float[NSTEPS * 2 * 3]; // xyz
float[] normals = new float[NSTEPS * 2 * 3]; // xyz vector
float[] textureCoordinates = new float[NSTEPS * 2 * 2]; // st
float angle = 0.0f;
float deltaAngle = 2.0f * (float) Math.PI / ((float) NSTEPS - 1);
float s = 0.0f;
float deltaS = 1.0f / ((float) NSTEPS - 1);
int n = 0;
int tn = 0;
float h2 = height / 2.0f;
for (int i = 0; i < NSTEPS; i++) {
// bottom
normals[n + 0] = (float) Math.cos(angle);
normals[n + 1] = 0.0f;
normals[n + 2] = -(float) Math.sin(angle);
coordinates[n + 0] = radius * normals[n + 0];
coordinates[n + 1] = -h2;
coordinates[n + 2] = radius * normals[n + 2];
textureCoordinates[tn + 0] = s;
textureCoordinates[tn + 1] = 0.0f;
n += 3;
tn += 2;
// top
normals[n + 0] = normals[n - 3];
normals[n + 1] = 0.0f;
normals[n + 2] = normals[n - 1];
coordinates[n + 0] = coordinates[n - 3];
coordinates[n + 1] = h2;
coordinates[n + 2] = coordinates[n - 1];
textureCoordinates[tn + 0] = s;
textureCoordinates[tn + 1] = 1.0f;
n += 3;
tn += 2;
angle += deltaAngle;
s += deltaS;
}
//
// Compute coordinate indexes, normal indexes, and texture
// coordinate indexes awround the sides of a cylinder.
// For this application, we don"t need top or bottom, so
// skip them.
//
int[] indexes = new int[NSTEPS * 4];
n = 0;
int p = 0; // panel count
for (int i = 0; i < NSTEPS - 1; i++) {
indexes[n + 0] = p; // bottom left
indexes[n + 1] = p + 2; // bottom right (next panel)
indexes[n + 2] = p + 3; // top right (next panel)
indexes[n + 3] = p + 1; // top left
n += 4;
p += 2;
}
indexes[n + 0] = p; // bottom left
indexes[n + 1] = 0; // bottom right (next panel)
indexes[n + 2] = 1; // top right (next panel)
indexes[n + 3] = p + 1; // top left
IndexedQuadArray quads = new IndexedQuadArray(coordinates.length / 3, // number
// of
// vertexes
GeometryArray.COORDINATES | // format
GeometryArray.NORMALS
| GeometryArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2, indexes.length); // number
// of
// indexes
quads.setCoordinates(0, coordinates);
quads.setTextureCoordinates(0, textureCoordinates);
quads.setNormals(0, normals);
quads.setCoordinateIndices(0, indexes);
quads.setTextureCoordinateIndices(0, indexes);
quads.setNormalIndices(0, indexes);
Shape3D shape = new Shape3D(quads, mainAppearance);
Vector3f trans = new Vector3f(0.0f, y, 0.0f);
Transform3D tr = new Transform3D();
tr.set(trans); // translate
TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup(tr);
tg.addChild(shape);
addChild(tg);
}
//
// Control the appearance
//
public void setAppearance(Appearance app) {
mainAppearance = app;
}
//
// Provide info on the shape and geometry
//
public Shape3D getShape(int partid) {
return null;
}
public int getNumTriangles() {
return 0;
}
public int getNumVertices() {
return 2;
}
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive#getAppearance(int)
*/
public Appearance getAppearance(int arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
} /**
* The Example class is a base class extended by example applications. The class * provides basic features to create a top-level frame, add a menubar and * Canvas3D, build the universe, set up "examine" and "walk" style navigation * behaviors, and provide hooks so that subclasses can add 3D content to the * example"s universe.*
* Using this Example class simplifies the construction of example applications, * enabling the author to focus upon 3D content and not the busywork of creating * windows, menus, and universes. * * @version 1.0, 98/04/16 * @author David R. Nadeau, San Diego Supercomputer Center */ class Java3DFrame extends Applet implements WindowListener, ActionListener, ItemListener, CheckboxMenuListener { // Navigation types public final static int Walk = 0; public final static int Examine = 1; // Should the scene be compiled? private boolean shouldCompile = true; // GUI objects for our subclasses protected Java3DFrame example = null; protected Frame exampleFrame = null; protected MenuBar exampleMenuBar = null; protected Canvas3D exampleCanvas = null; protected TransformGroup exampleViewTransform = null; protected TransformGroup exampleSceneTransform = null; protected boolean debug = false; // Private GUI objects and state private boolean headlightOnOff = true; private int navigationType = Examine; private CheckboxMenuItem headlightMenuItem = null; private CheckboxMenuItem walkMenuItem = null; private CheckboxMenuItem examineMenuItem = null; private DirectionalLight headlight = null; private ExamineViewerBehavior examineBehavior = null; private WalkViewerBehavior walkBehavior = null; //-------------------------------------------------------------- // ADMINISTRATION //-------------------------------------------------------------- /** * The main program entry point when invoked as an application. Each example * application that extends this class must define their own main. * * @param args * a String array of command-line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) { Java3DFrame ex = new Java3DFrame(); ex.initialize(args); ex.buildUniverse(); ex.showFrame(); } /** * Constructs a new Example object. * * @return a new Example that draws no 3D content */ public Java3DFrame() { // Do nothing } /** * Initializes the application when invoked as an applet. */ public void init() { // Collect properties into String array String[] args = new String[2]; // NOTE: to be done still... this.initialize(args); this.buildUniverse(); this.showFrame(); // NOTE: add something to the browser page? } /** * Initializes the Example by parsing command-line arguments, building an * AWT Frame, constructing a menubar, and creating the 3D canvas. * * @param args * a String array of command-line arguments */ protected void initialize(String[] args) { example = this; // Parse incoming arguments parseArgs(args); // Build the frame if (debug) System.err.println("Building GUI..."); exampleFrame = new Frame(); exampleFrame.setSize(640, 480); exampleFrame.setTitle("Java 3D Example"); exampleFrame.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); // Set up a close behavior exampleFrame.addWindowListener(this); // Create a canvas exampleCanvas = new Canvas3D(null); exampleCanvas.setSize(630, 460); exampleFrame.add("Center", exampleCanvas); // Build the menubar exampleMenuBar = this.buildMenuBar(); exampleFrame.setMenuBar(exampleMenuBar); // Pack exampleFrame.pack(); exampleFrame.validate(); // exampleFrame.setVisible( true ); } /** * Parses incoming command-line arguments. Applications that subclass this * class may override this method to support their own command-line * arguments. * * @param args * a String array of command-line arguments */ protected void parseArgs(String[] args) { for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { if (args[i].equals("-d")) debug = true; } } //-------------------------------------------------------------- // SCENE CONTENT //-------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Builds the 3D universe by constructing a virtual universe (via * SimpleUniverse), a view platform (via SimpleUniverse), and a view (via * SimpleUniverse). A headlight is added and a set of behaviors initialized * to handle navigation types. */ protected void buildUniverse() { // // Create a SimpleUniverse object, which builds: // // - a Locale using the given hi-res coordinate origin // // - a ViewingPlatform which in turn builds: // - a MultiTransformGroup with which to move the // the ViewPlatform about // // - a ViewPlatform to hold the view // // - a BranchGroup to hold avatar geometry (if any) // // - a BranchGroup to hold view platform // geometry (if any) // // - a Viewer which in turn builds: // - a PhysicalBody which characterizes the user"s // viewing preferences and abilities // // - a PhysicalEnvironment which characterizes the // user"s rendering hardware and software // // - a JavaSoundMixer which initializes sound // support within the 3D environment // // - a View which renders the scene into a Canvas3D // // All of these actions could be done explicitly, but // using the SimpleUniverse utilities simplifies the code. // if (debug) System.err.println("Building scene graph..."); SimpleUniverse universe = new SimpleUniverse(null, // Hi-res coordinate // for the origin - // use default 1, // Number of transforms in MultiTransformGroup exampleCanvas, // Canvas3D into which to draw null); // URL for user configuration file - use defaults // // Get the viewer and create an audio device so that // sound will be enabled in this content. // Viewer viewer = universe.getViewer(); viewer.createAudioDevice(); // // Get the viewing platform created by SimpleUniverse. // From that platform, get the inner-most TransformGroup // in the MultiTransformGroup. That inner-most group // contains the ViewPlatform. It is this inner-most // TransformGroup we need in order to: // // - add a "headlight" that always aims forward from // the viewer // // - change the viewing direction in a "walk" style // // The inner-most TransformGroup"s transform will be // changed by the walk behavior (when enabled). // ViewingPlatform viewingPlatform = universe.getViewingPlatform(); exampleViewTransform = viewingPlatform.getViewPlatformTransform(); // // Create a "headlight" as a forward-facing directional light. // Set the light"s bounds to huge. Since we want the light // on the viewer"s "head", we need the light within the // TransformGroup containing the ViewPlatform. The // ViewingPlatform class creates a handy hook to do this // called "platform geometry". The PlatformGeometry class is // subclassed off of BranchGroup, and is intended to contain // a description of the 3D platform itself... PLUS a headlight! // So, to add the headlight, create a new PlatformGeometry group, // add the light to it, then add that platform geometry to the // ViewingPlatform. // BoundingSphere allBounds = new BoundingSphere( new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100000.0); PlatformGeometry pg = new PlatformGeometry(); headlight = new DirectionalLight(); headlight.setColor(White); headlight.setDirection(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f)); headlight.setInfluencingBounds(allBounds); headlight.setCapability(Light.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE); pg.addChild(headlight); viewingPlatform.setPlatformGeometry(pg); // // Create the 3D content BranchGroup, containing: // // - a TransformGroup who"s transform the examine behavior // will change (when enabled). // // - 3D geometry to view // // Build the scene root BranchGroup sceneRoot = new BranchGroup(); // Build a transform that we can modify exampleSceneTransform = new TransformGroup(); exampleSceneTransform .setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ); exampleSceneTransform .setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); exampleSceneTransform.setCapability(Group.ALLOW_CHILDREN_EXTEND); // // Build the scene, add it to the transform, and add // the transform to the scene root // if (debug) System.err.println(" scene..."); Group scene = this.buildScene(); exampleSceneTransform.addChild(scene); sceneRoot.addChild(exampleSceneTransform); // // Create a pair of behaviors to implement two navigation // types: // // - "examine": a style where mouse drags rotate about // the scene"s origin as if it is an object under // examination. This is similar to the "Examine" // navigation type used by VRML browsers. // // - "walk": a style where mouse drags rotate about // the viewer"s center as if the viewer is turning // about to look at a scene they are in. This is // similar to the "Walk" navigation type used by // VRML browsers. // // Aim the examine behavior at the scene"s TransformGroup // and add the behavior to the scene root. // // Aim the walk behavior at the viewing platform"s // TransformGroup and add the behavior to the scene root. // // Enable one (and only one!) of the two behaviors // depending upon the current navigation type. // examineBehavior = new ExamineViewerBehavior(exampleSceneTransform, // Transform // gorup // to // modify exampleFrame); // Parent frame for cusor changes examineBehavior.setSchedulingBounds(allBounds); sceneRoot.addChild(examineBehavior); walkBehavior = new WalkViewerBehavior(exampleViewTransform, // Transform // group to // modify exampleFrame); // Parent frame for cusor changes walkBehavior.setSchedulingBounds(allBounds); sceneRoot.addChild(walkBehavior); if (navigationType == Walk) { examineBehavior.setEnable(false); walkBehavior.setEnable(true); } else { examineBehavior.setEnable(true); walkBehavior.setEnable(false); } // // Compile the scene branch group and add it to the // SimpleUniverse. // if (shouldCompile) sceneRoot.rupile(); universe.addBranchGraph(sceneRoot); reset(); } /** * Builds the scene. Example application subclasses should replace this * method with their own method to build 3D content. * * @return a Group containing 3D content to display */ public Group buildScene() { // Build the scene group containing nothing Group scene = new Group(); return scene; } //-------------------------------------------------------------- // SET/GET METHODS //-------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Sets the headlight on/off state. The headlight faces forward in the * direction the viewer is facing. Example applications that add their own * lights will typically turn the headlight off. A standard menu item * enables the headlight to be turned on and off via user control. * * @param onOff * a boolean turning the light on (true) or off (false) */ public void setHeadlightEnable(boolean onOff) { headlightOnOff = onOff; if (headlight != null) headlight.setEnable(headlightOnOff); if (headlightMenuItem != null) headlightMenuItem.setState(headlightOnOff); } /** * Gets the headlight on/off state. * * @return a boolean indicating if the headlight is on or off */ public boolean getHeadlightEnable() { return headlightOnOff; } /** * Sets the navigation type to be either Examine or Walk. The Examine * navigation type sets up behaviors that use mouse drags to rotate and * translate scene content as if it is an object held at arm"s length and * under examination. The Walk navigation type uses mouse drags to rotate * and translate the viewer as if they are walking through the content. The * Examine type is the default. * * @param nav * either Walk or Examine */ public void setNavigationType(int nav) { if (nav == Walk) { navigationType = Walk; if (walkMenuItem != null) walkMenuItem.setState(true); if (examineMenuItem != null) examineMenuItem.setState(false); if (walkBehavior != null) walkBehavior.setEnable(true); if (examineBehavior != null) examineBehavior.setEnable(false); } else { navigationType = Examine; if (walkMenuItem != null) walkMenuItem.setState(false); if (examineMenuItem != null) examineMenuItem.setState(true); if (walkBehavior != null) walkBehavior.setEnable(false); if (examineBehavior != null) examineBehavior.setEnable(true); } } /** * Gets the current navigation type, returning either Walk or Examine. * * @return either Walk or Examine */ public int getNavigationType() { return navigationType; } /** * Sets whether the scene graph should be compiled or not. Normally this is * always a good idea. For some example applications that use this Example * framework, it is useful to disable compilation - particularly when nodes * and node components will need to be made un-live in order to make * changes. Once compiled, such components can be made un-live, but they are * still unchangable unless appropriate capabilities have been set. * * @param onOff * a boolean turning compilation on (true) or off (false) */ public void setCompilable(boolean onOff) { shouldCompile = onOff; } /** * Gets whether the scene graph will be compiled or not. * * @return a boolean indicating if scene graph compilation is on or off */ public boolean getCompilable() { return shouldCompile; } //These methods will be replaced // Set the view position and direction public void setViewpoint(Point3f position, Vector3f direction) { Transform3D t = new Transform3D(); t.set(new Vector3f(position)); exampleViewTransform.setTransform(t); // how to set direction? } // Reset transforms public void reset() { Transform3D trans = new Transform3D(); exampleSceneTransform.setTransform(trans); trans.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f)); exampleViewTransform.setTransform(trans); setNavigationType(navigationType); } // // Gets the URL (with file: prepended) for the current directory. // This is a terrible hack needed in the Alpha release of Java3D // in order to build a full path URL for loading sounds with // MediaContainer. When MediaContainer is fully implemented, // it should handle relative path names, but not yet. // public String getCurrentDirectory() { // Create a bogus file so that we can query it"s path File dummy = new File("dummy.tmp"); String dummyPath = dummy.getAbsolutePath(); // strip "/dummy.tmp" from end of dummyPath and put into "path" if (dummyPath.endsWith(File.separator + "dummy.tmp")) { int index = dummyPath.lastIndexOf(File.separator + "dummy.tmp"); if (index >= 0) { int pathLength = index + 5; // pre-pend "file:" char[] charPath = new char[pathLength]; dummyPath.getChars(0, index, charPath, 5); String path = new String(charPath, 0, pathLength); path = "file:" + path.substring(5, pathLength); return path + File.separator; } } return dummyPath + File.separator; } //-------------------------------------------------------------- // USER INTERFACE //-------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Builds the example AWT Frame menubar. Standard menus and their options * are added. Applications that subclass this class should build their * menubar additions within their initialize method. * * @return a MenuBar for the AWT Frame */ private MenuBar buildMenuBar() { // Build the menubar MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar(); // File menu Menu m = new Menu("File"); m.addActionListener(this); m.add("Exit"); menuBar.add(m); // View menu m = new Menu("View"); m.addActionListener(this); m.add("Reset view"); m.addSeparator(); walkMenuItem = new CheckboxMenuItem("Walk"); walkMenuItem.addItemListener(this); m.add(walkMenuItem); examineMenuItem = new CheckboxMenuItem("Examine"); examineMenuItem.addItemListener(this); m.add(examineMenuItem); if (navigationType == Walk) { walkMenuItem.setState(true); examineMenuItem.setState(false); } else { walkMenuItem.setState(false); examineMenuItem.setState(true); } m.addSeparator(); headlightMenuItem = new CheckboxMenuItem("Headlight on/off"); headlightMenuItem.addItemListener(this); headlightMenuItem.setState(headlightOnOff); m.add(headlightMenuItem); menuBar.add(m); return menuBar; } /** * Shows the application"s frame, making it and its menubar, 3D canvas, and * 3D content visible. */ public void showFrame() { exampleFrame.show(); } /** * Quits the application. */ public void quit() { System.exit(0); } /** * Handles menu selections. * * @param event * an ActionEvent indicating what menu action requires handling */ public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) { String arg = event.getActionCommand(); if (arg.equals("Reset view")) reset(); else if (arg.equals("Exit")) quit(); } /** * Handles checkbox items on a CheckboxMenu. The Example class has none of * its own, but subclasses may have some. * * @param menu * which CheckboxMenu needs action * @param check * which CheckboxMenu item has changed */ public void checkboxChanged(CheckboxMenu menu, int check) { // None for us } /** * Handles on/off checkbox items on a standard menu. * * @param event * an ItemEvent indicating what requires handling */ public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent event) { Object src = event.getSource(); boolean state; if (src == headlightMenuItem) { state = headlightMenuItem.getState(); headlight.setEnable(state); } else if (src == walkMenuItem) setNavigationType(Walk); else if (src == examineMenuItem) setNavigationType(Examine); } /** * Handles a window closing event notifying the application that the user * has chosen to close the application without selecting the "Exit" menu * item. * * @param event * a WindowEvent indicating the window is closing */ public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event) { quit(); } public void windowClosed(WindowEvent event) { } public void windowOpened(WindowEvent event) { } public void windowIconified(WindowEvent event) { } public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent event) { } public void windowActivated(WindowEvent event) { } public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent event) { } // Well known colors, positions, and directions public final static Color3f White = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); public final static Color3f Gray = new Color3f(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f); public final static Color3f DarkGray = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f); public final static Color3f Black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); public final static Color3f Red = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); public final static Color3f DarkRed = new Color3f(0.3f, 0.0f, 0.0f); public final static Color3f Yellow = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); public final static Color3f DarkYellow = new Color3f(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.0f); public final static Color3f Green = new Color3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); public final static Color3f DarkGreen = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.3f, 0.0f); public final static Color3f Cyan = new Color3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); public final static Color3f Blue = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); public final static Color3f DarkBlue = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.3f); public final static Color3f Magenta = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); public final static Vector3f PosX = new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); public final static Vector3f NegX = new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); public final static Vector3f PosY = new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); public final static Vector3f NegY = new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); public final static Vector3f PosZ = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); public final static Vector3f NegZ = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f); public final static Point3f Origin = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); public final static Point3f PlusX = new Point3f(0.75f, 0.0f, 0.0f); public final static Point3f MinusX = new Point3f(-0.75f, 0.0f, 0.0f); public final static Point3f PlusY = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.75f, 0.0f); public final static Point3f MinusY = new Point3f(0.0f, -0.75f, 0.0f); public final static Point3f PlusZ = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.75f); public final static Point3f MinusZ = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -0.75f); } // //INTERFACE //CheckboxMenuListener - listen for checkbox change events // //DESCRIPTION //The checkboxChanged method is called by users of this class //to notify the listener when a checkbox choice has changed on //a CheckboxMenu class menu. // interface CheckboxMenuListener extends EventListener { public void checkboxChanged(CheckboxMenu menu, int check); } /** * ExamineViewerBehavior * * @version 1.0, 98/04/16 */ /** * Wakeup on mouse button presses, releases, and mouse movements and generate * transforms in an "examination style" that enables the user to rotate, * translation, and zoom an object as if it is held at arm"s length. Such an * examination style is similar to the "Examine" navigation type used by VRML * browsers. * * The behavior maps mouse drags to different transforms depending upon the * mosue button held down: * * Button 1 (left) Horizontal movement --> Y-axis rotation Vertical movement --> * X-axis rotation * * Button 2 (middle) Horizontal movement --> nothing Vertical movement --> * Z-axis translation * * Button 3 (right) Horizontal movement --> X-axis translation Vertical movement * --> Y-axis translation * * To support systems with 2 or 1 mouse buttons, the following alternate * mappings are supported while dragging with any mouse button held down and * zero or more keyboard modifiers held down: * * No modifiers = Button 1 ALT = Button 2 Meta = Button 3 Control = Button 3 * * The behavior automatically modifies a TransformGroup provided to the * constructor. The TransformGroup"s transform can be set at any time by the * application or other behaviors to cause the examine rotation and translation * to be reset. */ // This class is inspired by the MouseBehavior, MouseRotate, // MouseTranslate, and MouseZoom utility behaviors provided with // Java 3D. This class differs from those utilities in that it: // // (a) encapsulates all three behaviors into one in order to // enforce a specific "Examine" symantic // // (b) supports set/get of the rotation and translation factors // that control the speed of movement. // // (c) supports the "Control" modifier as an alternative to the // "Meta" modifier not present on PC, Mac, and most non-Sun // keyboards. This makes button3 behavior usable on PCs, // Macs, and other systems with fewer than 3 mouse buttons. class ExamineViewerBehavior extends ViewerBehavior { // Previous cursor location protected int previousX = 0; protected int previousY = 0; // Saved standard cursor protected Cursor savedCursor = null; /** * Construct an examine behavior that listens to mouse movement and button * presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into a * transform group given later with the setTransformGroup( ) method. */ public ExamineViewerBehavior() { super(); } /** * Construct an examine behavior that listens to mouse movement and button * presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into a * transform group given later with the setTransformGroup( ) method. * * @param parent * The AWT Component that contains the area generating mouse * events. */ public ExamineViewerBehavior(Component parent) { super(parent); } /** * Construct an examine behavior that listens to mouse movement and button * presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into the * given transform group. * * @param transformGroup * The transform group to be modified by the behavior. */ public ExamineViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup) { super(); subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup; } /** * Construct an examine behavior that listens to mouse movement and button * presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into the * given transform group. * * @param transformGroup * The transform group to be modified by the behavior. * @param parent * The AWT Component that contains the area generating mouse * events. */ public ExamineViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup, Component parent) { super(parent); subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup; } /** * Respond to a button1 event (press, release, or drag). * * @param mouseEvent * A MouseEvent to respond to. */ public void onButton1(MouseEvent mev) { if (subjectTransformGroup == null) return; int x = mev.getX(); int y = mev.getY(); if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) { // Mouse button pressed: record position previousX = x; previousY = y; // Change to a "move" cursor if (parentComponent != null) { savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor(); parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor .getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR)); } return; } if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) { // Mouse button released: do nothing // Switch the cursor back if (parentComponent != null) parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor); return; } // // Mouse moved while button down: create a rotation // // Compute the delta in X and Y from the previous // position. Use the delta to compute rotation // angles with the mapping: // // positive X mouse delta --> positive Y-axis rotation // positive Y mouse delta --> positive X-axis rotation // // where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and // positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen. // int deltaX = x - previousX; int deltaY = y - previousY; if (deltaX > UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaX < -UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) { // Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch. // Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything. return; } double xRotationAngle = deltaY * XRotationFactor; double yRotationAngle = deltaX * YRotationFactor; // // Build transforms // transform1.rotX(xRotationAngle); transform2.rotY(yRotationAngle); // Get and save the current transform matrix subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform); currentTransform.get(matrix); translate.set(matrix.m03, matrix.m13, matrix.m23); // Translate to the origin, rotate, then translate back currentTransform.setTranslation(origin); currentTransform.mul(transform1, currentTransform); currentTransform.mul(transform2, currentTransform); currentTransform.setTranslation(translate); // Update the transform group subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform); previousX = x; previousY = y; } /** * Respond to a button2 event (press, release, or drag). * * @param mouseEvent * A MouseEvent to respond to. */ public void onButton2(MouseEvent mev) { if (subjectTransformGroup == null) return; int x = mev.getX(); int y = mev.getY(); if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) { // Mouse button pressed: record position previousX = x; previousY = y; // Change to a "move" cursor if (parentComponent != null) { savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor(); parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor .getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR)); } return; } if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) { // Mouse button released: do nothing // Switch the cursor back if (parentComponent != null) parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor); return; } // // Mouse moved while button down: create a translation // // Compute the delta in Y from the previous // position. Use the delta to compute translation // distances with the mapping: // // positive Y mouse delta --> positive Y-axis translation // // where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and // positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen. // int deltaY = y - previousY; if (deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) { // Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch. // Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything. return; } double zTranslationDistance = deltaY * ZTranslationFactor; // // Build transforms // translate.set(0.0, 0.0, zTranslationDistance); transform1.set(translate); // Get and save the current transform subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform); // Translate as needed currentTransform.mul(transform1, currentTransform); // Update the transform group subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform); previousX = x; previousY = y; } /** * Respond to a button3 event (press, release, or drag). * * @param mouseEvent * A MouseEvent to respond to. */ public void onButton3(MouseEvent mev) { if (subjectTransformGroup == null) return; int x = mev.getX(); int y = mev.getY(); if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) { // Mouse button pressed: record position previousX = x; previousY = y; // Change to a "move" cursor if (parentComponent != null) { savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor(); parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor .getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR)); } return; } if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) { // Mouse button released: do nothing // Switch the cursor back if (parentComponent != null) parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor); return; } // // Mouse moved while button down: create a translation // // Compute the delta in X and Y from the previous // position. Use the delta to compute translation // distances with the mapping: // // positive X mouse delta --> positive X-axis translation // positive Y mouse delta --> negative Y-axis translation // // where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and // positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen. // int deltaX = x - previousX; int deltaY = y - previousY; if (deltaX > UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaX < -UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) { // Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch. // Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything. return; } double xTranslationDistance = deltaX * XTranslationFactor; double yTranslationDistance = -deltaY * YTranslationFactor; // // Build transforms // translate.set(xTranslationDistance, yTranslationDistance, 0.0); transform1.set(translate); // Get and save the current transform subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform); // Translate as needed currentTransform.mul(transform1, currentTransform); // Update the transform group subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform); previousX = x; previousY = y; } /** * Respond to an elapsed frames event (assuming subclass has set up a wakeup * criterion for it). * * @param time * A WakeupOnElapsedFrames criterion to respond to. */ public void onElapsedFrames(WakeupOnElapsedFrames timeEvent) { // Can"t happen } } /* * * Copyright (c) 1998 David R. Nadeau * */ /** * WalkViewerBehavior is a utility class that creates a "walking style" * navigation symantic. * * The behavior wakes up on mouse button presses, releases, and mouse movements * and generates transforms in a "walk style" that enables the user to walk * through a scene, translating and turning about as if they are within the * scene. Such a walk style is similar to the "Walk" navigation type used by * VRML browsers. * <P> * The behavior maps mouse drags to different transforms depending upon the * mouse button held down: *
-
*
- Button 1 (left) *
- Horizontal movement --> Y-axis rotation
*
- Vertical movement --> Z-axis translation * *
- Button 2 (middle) *
- Horizontal movement --> Y-axis rotation
*
- Vertical movement --> X-axis rotation * *
- Button 3 (right) *
- Horizontal movement --> X-axis translation
*
- Vertical movement --> Y-axis translation *
* * To support systems with 2 or 1 mouse buttons, the following alternate * mappings are supported while dragging with any mouse button held down and * zero or more keyboard modifiers held down:*
-
*
- No modifiers = Button 1 *
- ALT = Button 2 *
- Meta = Button 3 *
- Control = Button 3 *
* The behavior automatically modifies a TransformGroup provided to the * constructor. The TransformGroup"s transform can be set at any time by the * application or other behaviors to cause the walk rotation and translation to * be reset. * <P> * While a mouse button is down, the behavior automatically changes the cursor * in a given parent AWT Component. If no parent Component is given, no cursor * changes are attempted. * * @version 1.0, 98/04/16 * @author David R. Nadeau, San Diego Supercomputer Center */
class WalkViewerBehavior extends ViewerBehavior {
// This class is inspired by the MouseBehavior, MouseRotate,
// MouseTranslate, and MouseZoom utility behaviors provided with
// Java 3D. This class differs from those utilities in that it:
//
// (a) encapsulates all three behaviors into one in order to
// enforce a specific "Walk" symantic
//
// (b) supports set/get of the rotation and translation factors
// that control the speed of movement.
//
// (c) supports the "Control" modifier as an alternative to the
// "Meta" modifier not present on PC, Mac, and most non-Sun
// keyboards. This makes button3 behavior usable on PCs,
// Macs, and other systems with fewer than 3 mouse buttons.
// Previous and initial cursor locations
protected int previousX = 0;
protected int previousY = 0;
protected int initialX = 0;
protected int initialY = 0;
// Deadzone size (delta from initial XY for which no
// translate or rotate action is taken
protected static final int DELTAX_DEADZONE = 10;
protected static final int DELTAY_DEADZONE = 10;
// Keep a set of wakeup criterion for animation-generated
// event types.
protected WakeupCriterion[] mouseAndAnimationEvents = null;
protected WakeupOr mouseAndAnimationCriterion = null;
protected WakeupOr savedMouseCriterion = null;
// Saved standard cursor
protected Cursor savedCursor = null;
/**
* Default Rotation and translation scaling factors for animated movements
* (Button 1 press).
*/
public static final double DEFAULT_YROTATION_ANIMATION_FACTOR = 0.0002;
public static final double DEFAULT_ZTRANSLATION_ANIMATION_FACTOR = 0.01;
protected double YRotationAnimationFactor = DEFAULT_YROTATION_ANIMATION_FACTOR;
protected double ZTranslationAnimationFactor = DEFAULT_ZTRANSLATION_ANIMATION_FACTOR;
/**
* Constructs a new walk behavior that converts mouse actions into rotations
* and translations. Rotations and translations are written into a
* TransformGroup that must be set using the setTransformGroup method. The
* cursor will be changed during mouse actions if the parent frame is set
* using the setParentComponent method.
*
* @return a new WalkViewerBehavior that needs its TransformGroup and parent
* Component set
*/
public WalkViewerBehavior() {
super();
}
/**
* Constructs a new walk behavior that converts mouse actions into rotations
* and translations. Rotations and translations are written into a
* TransformGroup that must be set using the setTransformGroup method. The
* cursor will be changed within the given AWT parent Component during mouse
* drags.
*
* @param parent
* a parent AWT Component within which the cursor will change
* during mouse drags
*
* @return a new WalkViewerBehavior that needs its TransformGroup and parent
* Component set
*/
public WalkViewerBehavior(Component parent) {
super(parent);
}
/**
* Constructs a new walk behavior that converts mouse actions into rotations
* and translations. Rotations and translations are written into the given
* TransformGroup. The cursor will be changed during mouse actions if the
* parent frame is set using the setParentComponent method.
*
* @param transformGroup
* a TransformGroup whos transform is read and written by the
* behavior
*
* @return a new WalkViewerBehavior that needs its TransformGroup and parent
* Component set
*/
public WalkViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup) {
super();
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Constructs a new walk behavior that converts mouse actions into rotations
* and translations. Rotations and translations are written into the given
* TransformGroup. The cursor will be changed within the given AWT parent
* Component during mouse drags.
*
* @param transformGroup
* a TransformGroup whos transform is read and written by the
* behavior
*
* @param parent
* a parent AWT Component within which the cursor will change
* during mouse drags
*
* @return a new WalkViewerBehavior that needs its TransformGroup and parent
* Component set
*/
public WalkViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup, Component parent) {
super(parent);
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Initializes the behavior.
*/
public void initialize() {
super.initialize();
savedMouseCriterion = mouseCriterion; // from parent class
mouseAndAnimationEvents = new WakeupCriterion[4];
mouseAndAnimationEvents[0] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(
MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED);
mouseAndAnimationEvents[1] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(
MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED);
mouseAndAnimationEvents[2] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(
MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED);
mouseAndAnimationEvents[3] = new WakeupOnElapsedFrames(0);
mouseAndAnimationCriterion = new WakeupOr(mouseAndAnimationEvents);
// Don"t use the above criterion until a button 1 down event
}
/**
* Sets the Y rotation animation scaling factor for Y-axis rotations. This
* scaling factor is used to control the speed of Y rotation when button 1
* is pressed and dragged.
*
* @param factor
* the double Y rotation scaling factor
*/
public void setYRotationAnimationFactor(double factor) {
YRotationAnimationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Gets the current Y animation rotation scaling factor for Y-axis
* rotations.
*
* @return the double Y rotation scaling factor
*/
public double getYRotationAnimationFactor() {
return YRotationAnimationFactor;
}
/**
* Sets the Z animation translation scaling factor for Z-axis translations.
* This scaling factor is used to control the speed of Z translation when
* button 1 is pressed and dragged.
*
* @param factor
* the double Z translation scaling factor
*/
public void setZTranslationAnimationFactor(double factor) {
ZTranslationAnimationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Gets the current Z animation translation scaling factor for Z-axis
* translations.
*
* @return the double Z translation scaling factor
*/
public double getZTranslationAnimationFactor() {
return ZTranslationAnimationFactor;
}
/**
* Responds to an elapsed frames event. Such an event is generated on every
* frame while button 1 is held down. On each call, this method computes new
* Y-axis rotation and Z-axis translation values and writes them to the
* behavior"s TransformGroup. The translation and rotation amounts are
* computed based upon the distance between the current cursor location and
* the cursor location when button 1 was pressed. As this distance
* increases, the translation or rotation amount increases.
*
* @param time
* the WakeupOnElapsedFrames criterion to respond to
*/
public void onElapsedFrames(WakeupOnElapsedFrames timeEvent) {
//
// Time elapsed while button down: create a rotation and
// a translation.
//
// Compute the delta in X and Y from the initial position to
// the previous position. Multiply the delta times a scaling
// factor to compute an offset to add to the current translation
// and rotation. Use the mapping:
//
// positive X mouse delta --> negative Y-axis rotation
// positive Y mouse delta --> positive Z-axis translation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
if (buttonPressed != BUTTON1)
return;
int deltaX = previousX - initialX;
int deltaY = previousY - initialY;
double yRotationAngle = -deltaX * YRotationAnimationFactor;
double zTranslationDistance = deltaY * ZTranslationAnimationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
transform1.rotY(yRotationAngle);
translate.set(0.0, 0.0, zTranslationDistance);
// Get and save the current transform matrix
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
currentTransform.get(matrix);
// Translate to the origin, rotate, then translate back
currentTransform.setTranslation(origin);
currentTransform.mul(transform1, currentTransform);
// Translate back from the origin by the original translation
// distance, plus the new walk translation... but force walk
// to travel on a plane by ignoring the Y component of a
// transformed translation vector.
currentTransform.transform(translate);
translate.x += matrix.m03; // add in existing X translation
translate.y = matrix.m13; // use Y translation
translate.z += matrix.m23; // add in existing Z translation
currentTransform.setTranslation(translate);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
}
/**
* Responds to a button1 event (press, release, or drag). On a press, the
* method adds a wakeup criterion to the behavior"s set, callling for the
* behavior to be awoken on each frame. On a button prelease, this criterion
* is removed from the set.
*
* @param mouseEvent
* the MouseEvent to respond to
*/
public void onButton1(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position and change
// the wakeup criterion to include elapsed time wakeups
// so we can animate.
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
initialX = x;
initialY = y;
// Swap criterion... parent class will not reschedule us
mouseCriterion = mouseAndAnimationCriterion;
// Change to a "move" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: restore original wakeup
// criterion which only includes mouse activity, not
// elapsed time
mouseCriterion = savedMouseCriterion;
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
/**
* Responds to a button2 event (press, release, or drag). On a press, the
* method records the initial cursor location. On a drag, the difference
* between the current and previous cursor location provides a delta that
* controls the amount by which to rotate in X and Y.
*
* @param mouseEvent
* the MouseEvent to respond to
*/
public void onButton2(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
initialX = x;
initialY = y;
// Change to a "rotate" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: do nothing
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
//
// Mouse moved while button down: create a rotation
//
// Compute the delta in X and Y from the previous
// position. Use the delta to compute rotation
// angles with the mapping:
//
// positive X mouse delta --> negative Y-axis rotation
// positive Y mouse delta --> negative X-axis rotation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
int deltaX = x - previousX;
int deltaY = 0;
if (Math.abs(y - initialY) > DELTAY_DEADZONE) {
// Cursor has moved far enough vertically to consider
// it intentional, so get it"s delta.
deltaY = y - previousY;
}
if (deltaX > UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaX < -UNUSUAL_XDELTA
|| deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) {
// Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch.
// Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything.
return;
}
double xRotationAngle = -deltaY * XRotationFactor;
double yRotationAngle = -deltaX * YRotationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
transform1.rotX(xRotationAngle);
transform2.rotY(yRotationAngle);
// Get and save the current transform matrix
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
currentTransform.get(matrix);
translate.set(matrix.m03, matrix.m13, matrix.m23);
// Translate to the origin, rotate, then translate back
currentTransform.setTranslation(origin);
currentTransform.mul(transform2, currentTransform);
currentTransform.mul(transform1);
currentTransform.setTranslation(translate);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
/**
* Responds to a button3 event (press, release, or drag). On a drag, the
* difference between the current and previous cursor location provides a
* delta that controls the amount by which to translate in X and Y.
*
* @param mouseEvent
* the MouseEvent to respond to
*/
public void onButton3(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
// Change to a "move" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: do nothing
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
//
// Mouse moved while button down: create a translation
//
// Compute the delta in X and Y from the previous
// position. Use the delta to compute translation
// distances with the mapping:
//
// positive X mouse delta --> positive X-axis translation
// positive Y mouse delta --> negative Y-axis translation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
int deltaX = x - previousX;
int deltaY = y - previousY;
if (deltaX > UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaX < -UNUSUAL_XDELTA
|| deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) {
// Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch.
// Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything.
return;
}
double xTranslationDistance = deltaX * XTranslationFactor;
double yTranslationDistance = -deltaY * YTranslationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
translate.set(xTranslationDistance, yTranslationDistance, 0.0);
transform1.set(translate);
// Get and save the current transform
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
// Translate as needed
currentTransform.mul(transform1);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
} // //CLASS //CheckboxMenu - build a menu of grouped checkboxes // //DESCRIPTION //The class creates a menu with one or more CheckboxMenuItem"s //and monitors that menu. When a menu checkbox is picked, the //previous one is turned off (in radio-button style). Then, //a given listener"s checkboxChanged method is called, passing it //the menu and the item checked. // class CheckboxMenu extends Menu implements ItemListener {
// State
protected CheckboxMenuItem[] checks = null;
protected int current = 0;
protected CheckboxMenuListener listener = null;
// Construct
public CheckboxMenu(String name, NameValue[] items,
CheckboxMenuListener listen) {
this(name, items, 0, listen);
}
public CheckboxMenu(String name, NameValue[] items, int cur,
CheckboxMenuListener listen) {
super(name);
current = cur;
listener = listen;
if (items == null)
return;
checks = new CheckboxMenuItem[items.length];
for (int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
checks[i] = new CheckboxMenuItem(items[i].name, false);
checks[i].addItemListener(this);
add(checks[i]);
}
checks[cur].setState(true);
}
// Handle checkbox changed events
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent event) {
Object src = event.getSource();
for (int i = 0; i < checks.length; i++) {
if (src == checks[i]) {
// Update the checkboxes
checks[current].setState(false);
current = i;
checks[current].setState(true);
if (listener != null)
listener.checkboxChanged(this, i);
return;
}
}
}
// Methods to get and set state
public int getCurrent() {
return current;
}
public void setCurrent(int cur) {
if (cur < 0 || cur >= checks.length)
return; // ignore out of range choices
if (checks == null)
return;
checks[current].setState(false);
current = cur;
checks[current].setState(true);
}
public CheckboxMenuItem getSelectedCheckbox() {
if (checks == null)
return null;
return checks[current];
}
public void setSelectedCheckbox(CheckboxMenuItem item) {
if (checks == null)
return;
for (int i = 0; i < checks.length; i++) {
if (item == checks[i]) {
checks[i].setState(false);
current = i;
checks[i].setState(true);
}
}
}
} /**
* ViewerBehavior * * @version 1.0, 98/04/16 */
/**
* Wakeup on mouse button presses, releases, and mouse movements and generate * transforms for a transform group. Classes that extend this class impose * specific symantics, such as "Examine" or "Walk" viewing, similar to the * navigation types used by VRML browsers. * * To support systems with 2 or 1 mouse buttons, the following alternate * mappings are supported while dragging with any mouse button held down and * zero or more keyboard modifiers held down: * * No modifiers = Button 1 ALT = Button 2 Meta = Button 3 Control = Button 3 * * The behavior automatically modifies a TransformGroup provided to the * constructor. The TransformGroup"s transform can be set at any time by the * application or other behaviors to cause the viewer"s rotation and translation * to be reset. */
// This class is inspired by the MouseBehavior, MouseRotate, // MouseTranslate, and MouseZoom utility behaviors provided with // Java 3D. This class differs from those utilities in that it: // // (a) encapsulates all three behaviors into one in order to // enforce a specific viewing symantic // // (b) supports set/get of the rotation and translation factors // that control the speed of movement. // // (c) supports the "Control" modifier as an alternative to the // "Meta" modifier not present on PC, Mac, and most non-Sun // keyboards. This makes button3 behavior usable on PCs, // Macs, and other systems with fewer than 3 mouse buttons. abstract class ViewerBehavior extends Behavior {
// Keep track of the transform group who"s transform we modify
// during mouse motion.
protected TransformGroup subjectTransformGroup = null;
// Keep a set of wakeup criterion for different mouse-generated
// event types.
protected WakeupCriterion[] mouseEvents = null;
protected WakeupOr mouseCriterion = null;
// Track which button was last pressed
protected static final int BUTTONNONE = -1;
protected static final int BUTTON1 = 0;
protected static final int BUTTON2 = 1;
protected static final int BUTTON3 = 2;
protected int buttonPressed = BUTTONNONE;
// Keep a few Transform3Ds for use during event processing. This
// avoids having to allocate new ones on each event.
protected Transform3D currentTransform = new Transform3D();
protected Transform3D transform1 = new Transform3D();
protected Transform3D transform2 = new Transform3D();
protected Matrix4d matrix = new Matrix4d();
protected Vector3d origin = new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
protected Vector3d translate = new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
// Unusual X and Y delta limits.
protected static final int UNUSUAL_XDELTA = 400;
protected static final int UNUSUAL_YDELTA = 400;
protected Component parentComponent = null;
/**
* Construct a viewer behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into a
* transform group given later with the setTransformGroup( ) method.
*/
public ViewerBehavior() {
super();
}
/**
* Construct a viewer behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into a
* transform group given later with the setTransformGroup( ) method.
*
* @param parent
* The AWT Component that contains the area generating mouse
* events.
*/
public ViewerBehavior(Component parent) {
super();
parentComponent = parent;
}
/**
* Construct a viewer behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into the
* given transform group.
*
* @param transformGroup
* The transform group to be modified by the behavior.
*/
public ViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup) {
super();
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Construct a viewer behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into the
* given transform group.
*
* @param transformGroup
* The transform group to be modified by the behavior.
* @param parent
* The AWT Component that contains the area generating mouse
* events.
*/
public ViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup, Component parent) {
super();
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
parentComponent = parent;
}
/**
* Set the transform group modified by the viewer behavior. Setting the
* transform group to null disables the behavior until the transform group
* is again set to an existing group.
*
* @param transformGroup
* The new transform group to be modified by the behavior.
*/
public void setTransformGroup(TransformGroup transformGroup) {
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Get the transform group modified by the viewer behavior.
*/
public TransformGroup getTransformGroup() {
return subjectTransformGroup;
}
/**
* Sets the parent component who"s cursor will be changed during mouse
* drags. If no component is given is given to the constructor, or set via
* this method, no cursor changes will be done.
*
* @param parent
* the AWT Component, such as a Frame, within which cursor
* changes should take place during mouse drags
*/
public void setParentComponent(Component parent) {
parentComponent = parent;
}
/*
* Gets the parent frame within which the cursor changes during mouse drags.
*
* @return the AWT Component, such as a Frame, within which cursor changes
* should take place during mouse drags. Returns null if no parent is set.
*/
public Component getParentComponent() {
return parentComponent;
}
/**
* Initialize the behavior.
*/
public void initialize() {
// Wakeup when the mouse is dragged or when a mouse button
// is pressed or released.
mouseEvents = new WakeupCriterion[3];
mouseEvents[0] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED);
mouseEvents[1] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED);
mouseEvents[2] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED);
mouseCriterion = new WakeupOr(mouseEvents);
wakeupOn(mouseCriterion);
}
/**
* Process a new wakeup. Interpret mouse button presses, releases, and mouse
* drags.
*
* @param criteria
* The wakeup criteria causing the behavior wakeup.
*/
public void processStimulus(Enumeration criteria) {
WakeupCriterion wakeup = null;
AWTEvent[] event = null;
int whichButton = BUTTONNONE;
// Process all pending wakeups
while (criteria.hasMoreElements()) {
wakeup = (WakeupCriterion) criteria.nextElement();
if (wakeup instanceof WakeupOnAWTEvent) {
event = ((WakeupOnAWTEvent) wakeup).getAWTEvent();
// Process all pending events
for (int i = 0; i < event.length; i++) {
if (event[i].getID() != MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED
&& event[i].getID() != MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED
&& event[i].getID() != MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED)
// Ignore uninteresting mouse events
continue;
//
// Regretably, Java event handling (or perhaps
// underlying OS event handling) doesn"t always
// catch button bounces (redundant presses and
// releases), or order events so that the last
// drag event is delivered before a release.
// This means we can get stray events that we
// filter out here.
//
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED
&& buttonPressed != BUTTONNONE)
// Ignore additional button presses until a release
continue;
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED
&& buttonPressed == BUTTONNONE)
// Ignore additional button releases until a press
continue;
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED
&& buttonPressed == BUTTONNONE)
// Ignore drags until a press
continue;
MouseEvent mev = (MouseEvent) event[i];
int modifiers = mev.getModifiers();
//
// Unfortunately, the underlying event handling
// doesn"t do a "grab" operation when a mouse button
// is pressed. This means that once a button is
// pressed, if another mouse button or a keyboard
// modifier key is pressed, the delivered mouse event
// will show that a different button is being held
// down. For instance:
//
// Action Event
// Button 1 press Button 1 press
// Drag with button 1 down Button 1 drag
// ALT press -
// Drag with ALT & button 1 down Button 2 drag
// Button 1 release Button 2 release
//
// The upshot is that we can get a button press
// without a matching release, and the button
// associated with a drag can change mid-drag.
//
// To fix this, we watch for an initial button
// press, and thenceforth consider that button
// to be the one held down, even if additional
// buttons get pressed, and despite what is
// reported in the event. Only when a button is
// released, do we end such a grab.
//
if (buttonPressed == BUTTONNONE) {
// No button is pressed yet, figure out which
// button is down now and how to direct events
if (((modifiers & InputEvent.BUTTON3_MASK) != 0)
|| (((modifiers & InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK) != 0) && ((modifiers & InputEvent.CTRL_MASK) == InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))) {
// Button 3 activity (META or CTRL down)
whichButton = BUTTON3;
} else if ((modifiers & InputEvent.BUTTON2_MASK) != 0) {
// Button 2 activity (ALT down)
whichButton = BUTTON2;
} else {
// Button 1 activity (no modifiers down)
whichButton = BUTTON1;
}
// If the event is to press a button, then
// record that that button is now down
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED)
buttonPressed = whichButton;
} else {
// Otherwise a button was pressed earlier and
// hasn"t been released yet. Assign all further
// events to it, even if ALT, META, CTRL, or
// another button has been pressed as well.
whichButton = buttonPressed;
}
// Distribute the event
switch (whichButton) {
case BUTTON1:
onButton1(mev);
break;
case BUTTON2:
onButton2(mev);
break;
case BUTTON3:
onButton3(mev);
break;
default:
break;
}
// If the event is to release a button, then
// record that that button is now up
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED)
buttonPressed = BUTTONNONE;
}
continue;
}
if (wakeup instanceof WakeupOnElapsedFrames) {
onElapsedFrames((WakeupOnElapsedFrames) wakeup);
continue;
}
}
// Reschedule us for another wakeup
wakeupOn(mouseCriterion);
}
/**
* Default X and Y rotation factors, and XYZ translation factors.
*/
public static final double DEFAULT_XROTATION_FACTOR = 0.02;
public static final double DEFAULT_YROTATION_FACTOR = 0.005;
public static final double DEFAULT_XTRANSLATION_FACTOR = 0.02;
public static final double DEFAULT_YTRANSLATION_FACTOR = 0.02;
public static final double DEFAULT_ZTRANSLATION_FACTOR = 0.04;
protected double XRotationFactor = DEFAULT_XROTATION_FACTOR;
protected double YRotationFactor = DEFAULT_YROTATION_FACTOR;
protected double XTranslationFactor = DEFAULT_XTRANSLATION_FACTOR;
protected double YTranslationFactor = DEFAULT_YTRANSLATION_FACTOR;
protected double ZTranslationFactor = DEFAULT_ZTRANSLATION_FACTOR;
/**
* Set the X rotation scaling factor for X-axis rotations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setXRotationFactor(double factor) {
XRotationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current X rotation scaling factor for X-axis rotations.
*/
public double getXRotationFactor() {
return XRotationFactor;
}
/**
* Set the Y rotation scaling factor for Y-axis rotations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setYRotationFactor(double factor) {
YRotationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current Y rotation scaling factor for Y-axis rotations.
*/
public double getYRotationFactor() {
return YRotationFactor;
}
/**
* Set the X translation scaling factor for X-axis translations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setXTranslationFactor(double factor) {
XTranslationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current X translation scaling factor for X-axis translations.
*/
public double getXTranslationFactor() {
return XTranslationFactor;
}
/**
* Set the Y translation scaling factor for Y-axis translations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setYTranslationFactor(double factor) {
YTranslationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current Y translation scaling factor for Y-axis translations.
*/
public double getYTranslationFactor() {
return YTranslationFactor;
}
/**
* Set the Z translation scaling factor for Z-axis translations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setZTranslationFactor(double factor) {
ZTranslationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current Z translation scaling factor for Z-axis translations.
*/
public double getZTranslationFactor() {
return ZTranslationFactor;
}
/**
* Respond to a button1 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public abstract void onButton1(MouseEvent mouseEvent);
/**
* Respond to a button2 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public abstract void onButton2(MouseEvent mouseEvent);
/**
* Responed to a button3 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public abstract void onButton3(MouseEvent mouseEvent);
/**
* Respond to an elapsed frames event (assuming subclass has set up a wakeup
* criterion for it).
*
* @param time
* A WakeupOnElapsedFrames criterion to respond to.
*/
public abstract void onElapsedFrames(WakeupOnElapsedFrames timeEvent);
} // //CLASS //NameValue - create a handy name-value pair // //DESCRIPTION //It is frequently handy to have one or more name-value pairs //with which to store named colors, named positions, named textures, //and so forth. Several of the examples use this class. // //AUTHOR //David R. Nadeau / San Diego Supercomputer Center // class NameValue {
public String name;
public Object value;
public NameValue(String n, Object v) {
name = n;
value = v;
}
}
</source>
ExHenge - create a stone-henge like (vaguely) mysterious temple thing
<source lang="java">
// //CLASS //ExHenge - create a stone-henge like (vaguely) mysterious temple thing // //DESCRIPTION //This example illustrates the use of a few of Java 3D"s lighting //types to create atmospheric lighting to make a structure look //like it is glowing. In particular, we build a central emissive //dome, unaffected by any lighting. Surrounding that dome are a //series of arches that are lit by a one or more of a point //light in the center, directional lights at front-left and //back-right, and two ambient lights. Each of these lights can be //turned on and off via menu items. // //SEE ALSO //Arch //ExAmbientLight //ExDirectionalLight //ExPointLight // //AUTHOR //David R. Nadeau / San Diego Supercomputer Center // // import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.AWTEvent; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.CheckboxMenuItem; import java.awt.ruponent; import java.awt.Cursor; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.Menu; import java.awt.MenuBar; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.InputEvent; import java.awt.event.ItemEvent; import java.awt.event.ItemListener; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.event.WindowEvent; import java.awt.event.WindowListener; import java.io.File; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.EventListener; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Behavior; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.ImageComponent; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedQuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedTriangleStripArray; import javax.media.j3d.Light; import javax.media.j3d.Link; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.PointLight; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.SharedGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Texture; import javax.media.j3d.TextureAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupCriterion; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnAWTEvent; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnElapsedFrames; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOr; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Matrix4d; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive; import com.sun.j3d.utils.image.TextureLoader; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.PlatformGeometry; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.Viewer; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.ViewingPlatform; public class ExHenge extends Java3DFrame {
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// SCENE CONTENT
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Nodes (updated via menu)
//
private AmbientLight ambient = null;
private AmbientLight brightAmbient = null;
private DirectionalLight redDirectional = null;
private DirectionalLight yellowDirectional = null;
private PointLight orangePoint = null;
//
// Build scene
//
public Group buildScene() {
// Turn off the example headlight
setHeadlightEnable(false);
// Default to walk navigation
setNavigationType(Walk);
//
// Preload the texture images
//
if (debug)
System.err.println(" textures...");
Texture groundTex = null;
Texture spurTex = null;
Texture domeTex = null;
TextureLoader texLoader = null;
ImageComponent image = null;
texLoader = new TextureLoader("mud01.jpg", this);
image = texLoader.getImage();
if (image == null)
System.err.println("Cannot load mud01.jpg texture");
else {
groundTex = texLoader.getTexture();
groundTex.setBoundaryModeS(Texture.WRAP);
groundTex.setBoundaryModeT(Texture.WRAP);
groundTex.setMinFilter(Texture.NICEST);
groundTex.setMagFilter(Texture.NICEST);
groundTex.setMipMapMode(Texture.BASE_LEVEL);
groundTex.setEnable(true);
}
texLoader = new TextureLoader("stonebrk2.jpg", this);
image = texLoader.getImage();
if (image == null)
System.err.println("Cannot load stonebrk2.jpg texture");
else {
spurTex = texLoader.getTexture();
spurTex.setBoundaryModeS(Texture.WRAP);
spurTex.setBoundaryModeT(Texture.WRAP);
spurTex.setMinFilter(Texture.NICEST);
spurTex.setMagFilter(Texture.NICEST);
spurTex.setMipMapMode(Texture.BASE_LEVEL);
spurTex.setEnable(true);
}
texLoader = new TextureLoader("fire.jpg", this);
image = texLoader.getImage();
if (image == null)
System.err.println("Cannot load fire.jpg texture");
else {
domeTex = texLoader.getTexture();
domeTex.setBoundaryModeS(Texture.WRAP);
domeTex.setBoundaryModeT(Texture.WRAP);
domeTex.setMinFilter(Texture.NICEST);
domeTex.setMagFilter(Texture.NICEST);
domeTex.setMipMapMode(Texture.BASE_LEVEL);
domeTex.setEnable(true);
}
//
// Build some shapes we"ll need
//
if (debug)
System.err.println(" flying buttresses...");
// Build three types of spurs (flying buttresses)
Appearance spurApp = new Appearance();
Material spurMat = new Material();
spurMat.setAmbientColor(0.6f, 0.6f, 0.6f);
spurMat.setDiffuseColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
spurMat.setSpecularColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
spurApp.setMaterial(spurMat);
Transform3D tr = new Transform3D();
tr.setIdentity();
tr.setScale(new Vector3d(1.0, 4.0, 1.0));
TextureAttributes spurTexAtt = new TextureAttributes();
spurTexAtt.setTextureMode(TextureAttributes.MODULATE);
spurTexAtt.setPerspectiveCorrectionMode(TextureAttributes.NICEST);
spurTexAtt.setTextureTransform(tr);
spurApp.setTextureAttributes(spurTexAtt);
if (spurTex != null)
spurApp.setTexture(spurTex);
Arch spur1 = new Arch(0.0, // start Phi
1.571, // end Phi
9, // nPhi
-0.0982, // start Theta
0.0982, // end Theta (11.25 degrees)
2, // nTheta
2.5, // start radius
1.0, // end radius
0.05, // start phi thickness
0.025, // end phi thickness
spurApp); // appearance
Arch spur2 = new Arch(0.0, // start Phi
1.571, // end Phi
9, // nPhi
-0.0982, // start Theta
0.0982, // end Theta (11.25 degrees)
2, // nTheta
1.5, // start radius
2.0, // end radius
0.05, // start phi thickness
0.025, // end phi thickness
spurApp); // appearance
Arch spur3 = new Arch(0.0, // start Phi
1.571, // end Phi
9, // nPhi
-0.0982, // start Theta
0.0982, // end Theta (11.25 degrees)
2, // nTheta
1.5, // start radius
1.0, // end radius
0.05, // start phi thickness
0.025, // end phi thickness
spurApp); // appearance
Arch spur4 = new Arch(0.0, // start Phi
1.178, // end Phi
9, // nPhi
-0.0982, // start Theta
0.0982, // end Theta (11.25 degrees)
2, // nTheta
4.0, // start radius
4.0, // end radius
0.05, // start phi thickness
0.025, // end phi thickness
spurApp); // appearance
// Put each spur into a shared group so we can instance
// the spurs multiple times
SharedGroup spur1Group = new SharedGroup();
spur1Group.addChild(spur1);
spur1Group.rupile();
SharedGroup spur2Group = new SharedGroup();
spur2Group.addChild(spur2);
spur2Group.rupile();
SharedGroup spur3Group = new SharedGroup();
spur3Group.addChild(spur3);
spur3Group.rupile();
SharedGroup spur4Group = new SharedGroup();
spur4Group.addChild(spur4);
spur4Group.rupile();
// Build a central dome
if (debug)
System.err.println(" central dome...");
Appearance domeApp = new Appearance();
// No material needed - we want the dome to glow,
// so use a REPLACE mode texture only
TextureAttributes domeTexAtt = new TextureAttributes();
domeTexAtt.setTextureMode(TextureAttributes.REPLACE);
domeTexAtt.setPerspectiveCorrectionMode(TextureAttributes.NICEST);
domeApp.setTextureAttributes(domeTexAtt);
if (domeTex != null)
domeApp.setTexture(domeTex);
Arch dome = new Arch(0.0, // start Phi
1.571, // end Phi
5, // nPhi
0.0, // start Theta
2.0 * Math.PI, // end Theta (360 degrees)
17, // nTheta
1.0, // start radius
1.0, // end radius
0.0, // start phi thickness
0.0, // end phi thickness
domeApp); // appearance
// Build the ground. Use a trick to get better lighting
// effects by using an elevation grid. The idea is this:
// for interactive graphics systems, such as those
// controlled by Java3D, lighting effects are computed only
// at triangle vertexes. Imagine a big rectangular ground
// underneath a PointLight (added below). If the
// PointLight is above the center of the square, in the real
// world we"d expect a bright spot below it, fading to
// darkness at the edges of the square. Not so in
// interactive graphics. Since lighting is only computed
// at vertexes, and the square"s vertexes are each
// equidistant from a centered PointLight, all four square
// coordinates get the same brightness. That brightness
// is interpolated across the square, giving a *constant*
// brightness for the entire square! There is no bright
// spot under the PointLight. So, here"s the trick: use
// more triangles. Pretty simple. Split the ground under
// the PointLight into a grid of smaller squares. Each
// smaller square is shaded using light brightness computed
// at the square"s vertexes. Squares directly under the
// PointLight get brighter lighting at their vertexes, and
// thus they are bright. This gives the desired bright
// spot under the PointLight. The more squares we use
// (a denser grid), the more accurate the bright spot and
// the smoother the lighting gradation from bright directly
// under the PointLight, to dark at the distant edges. Of
// course, with more squares, we also get more polygons to
// draw and a performance slow-down. So there is a
// tradeoff between lighting quality and drawing speed.
// For this example, we"ll use a coarse mesh of triangles
// created using an ElevationGrid shape.
if (debug)
System.err.println(" ground...");
Appearance groundApp = new Appearance();
Material groundMat = new Material();
groundMat.setAmbientColor(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f);
groundMat.setDiffuseColor(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f);
groundMat.setSpecularColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
groundApp.setMaterial(groundMat);
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.setScale(new Vector3d(8.0, 8.0, 1.0));
TextureAttributes groundTexAtt = new TextureAttributes();
groundTexAtt.setTextureMode(TextureAttributes.MODULATE);
groundTexAtt.setPerspectiveCorrectionMode(TextureAttributes.NICEST);
groundTexAtt.setTextureTransform(tr);
groundApp.setTextureAttributes(groundTexAtt);
if (groundTex != null)
groundApp.setTexture(groundTex);
ElevationGrid ground = new ElevationGrid(11, // X dimension
11, // Z dimension
2.0f, // X spacing
2.0f, // Z spacing
// Automatically use zero heights
groundApp); // Appearance
//
// Build the scene using the shapes above. Place everything
// withing a TransformGroup.
//
// Build the scene root
TransformGroup scene = new TransformGroup();
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.setTranslation(new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.6f, 0.0f));
scene.setTransform(tr);
// Create influencing bounds
BoundingSphere worldBounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0,
0.0), // Center
1000.0); // Extent
// General Ambient light
ambient = new AmbientLight();
ambient.setEnable(ambientOnOff);
ambient.setColor(new Color3f(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f));
ambient.setCapability(AmbientLight.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE);
ambient.setInfluencingBounds(worldBounds);
scene.addChild(ambient);
// Bright Ambient light
brightAmbient = new AmbientLight();
brightAmbient.setEnable(brightAmbientOnOff);
brightAmbient.setColor(new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
brightAmbient.setCapability(AmbientLight.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE);
brightAmbient.setInfluencingBounds(worldBounds);
scene.addChild(brightAmbient);
// Red directional light
redDirectional = new DirectionalLight();
redDirectional.setEnable(redDirectionalOnOff);
redDirectional.setColor(new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
redDirectional.setDirection(new Vector3f(1.0f, -0.5f, -0.5f));
redDirectional.setCapability(AmbientLight.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE);
redDirectional.setInfluencingBounds(worldBounds);
scene.addChild(redDirectional);
// Yellow directional light
yellowDirectional = new DirectionalLight();
yellowDirectional.setEnable(yellowDirectionalOnOff);
yellowDirectional.setColor(new Color3f(1.0f, 0.8f, 0.0f));
yellowDirectional.setDirection(new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f));
yellowDirectional.setCapability(AmbientLight.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE);
yellowDirectional.setInfluencingBounds(worldBounds);
scene.addChild(yellowDirectional);
// Orange point light
orangePoint = new PointLight();
orangePoint.setEnable(orangePointOnOff);
orangePoint.setColor(new Color3f(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f));
orangePoint.setPosition(new Point3f(0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f));
orangePoint.setCapability(AmbientLight.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE);
orangePoint.setInfluencingBounds(worldBounds);
scene.addChild(orangePoint);
// Ground
scene.addChild(ground);
// Dome
scene.addChild(dome);
// Spur 1"s
Group g = buildRing(spur1Group);
scene.addChild(g);
// Spur 2"s
TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup();
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.rotY(0.3927);
tg.setTransform(tr);
g = buildRing(spur2Group);
tg.addChild(g);
scene.addChild(tg);
// Spur 3"s
g = buildRing(spur3Group);
scene.addChild(g);
// Spur 4"s
tg = new TransformGroup();
tg.setTransform(tr);
g = buildRing(spur4Group);
tg.addChild(g);
scene.addChild(tg);
return scene;
}
//
// Build a ring of shapes, each shape contained in a given
// shared group
//
public Group buildRing(SharedGroup sg) {
Group g = new Group();
g.addChild(new Link(sg)); // 0 degrees
TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D tr = new Transform3D();
tr.rotY(0.785); // 45 degrees
tg.setTransform(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(sg));
g.addChild(tg);
tg = new TransformGroup();
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.rotY(-0.785); // -45 degrees
tg.setTransform(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(sg));
g.addChild(tg);
tg = new TransformGroup();
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.rotY(1.571); // 90 degrees
tg.setTransform(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(sg));
g.addChild(tg);
tg = new TransformGroup();
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.rotY(-1.571); // -90 degrees
tg.setTransform(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(sg));
g.addChild(tg);
tg = new TransformGroup();
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.rotY(2.356); // 135 degrees
tg.setTransform(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(sg));
g.addChild(tg);
tg = new TransformGroup();
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.rotY(-2.356); // -135 degrees
tg.setTransform(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(sg));
g.addChild(tg);
tg = new TransformGroup();
tr = new Transform3D();
tr.rotY(Math.PI); // 180 degrees
tg.setTransform(tr);
tg.addChild(new Link(sg));
g.addChild(tg);
return g;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// USER INTERFACE
//--------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Main
//
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExHenge ex = new ExHenge();
ex.initialize(args);
ex.buildUniverse();
ex.showFrame();
}
// On/off choices
private boolean ambientOnOff = true;
private boolean brightAmbientOnOff = false;
private boolean redDirectionalOnOff = false;
private boolean yellowDirectionalOnOff = false;
private boolean orangePointOnOff = true;
private CheckboxMenuItem ambientOnOffMenu;
private CheckboxMenuItem brightAmbientOnOffMenu;
private CheckboxMenuItem redDirectionalOnOffMenu;
private CheckboxMenuItem yellowDirectionalOnOffMenu;
private CheckboxMenuItem orangePointOnOffMenu;
//
// Initialize the GUI (application and applet)
//
public void initialize(String[] args) {
// Initialize the window, menubar, etc.
super.initialize(args);
exampleFrame.setTitle("Java 3D ExHenge Example");
//
// Add a menubar menu to change parameters
// Dim ambient light
// Bright ambient light
// Red directional light
// Yellow directional light
// Orange point light
//
Menu m = new Menu("Lights");
ambientOnOffMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem("Dim ambient light",
ambientOnOff);
ambientOnOffMenu.addItemListener(this);
m.add(ambientOnOffMenu);
brightAmbientOnOffMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem("Bright ambient light",
brightAmbientOnOff);
brightAmbientOnOffMenu.addItemListener(this);
m.add(brightAmbientOnOffMenu);
redDirectionalOnOffMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem("Red directional light",
redDirectionalOnOff);
redDirectionalOnOffMenu.addItemListener(this);
m.add(redDirectionalOnOffMenu);
yellowDirectionalOnOffMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem(
"Yellow directional light", yellowDirectionalOnOff);
yellowDirectionalOnOffMenu.addItemListener(this);
m.add(yellowDirectionalOnOffMenu);
orangePointOnOffMenu = new CheckboxMenuItem("Orange point light",
orangePointOnOff);
orangePointOnOffMenu.addItemListener(this);
m.add(orangePointOnOffMenu);
exampleMenuBar.add(m);
}
//
// Handle checkboxes
//
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent event) {
Object src = event.getSource();
if (src == ambientOnOffMenu) {
ambientOnOff = ambientOnOffMenu.getState();
ambient.setEnable(ambientOnOff);
return;
}
if (src == brightAmbientOnOffMenu) {
brightAmbientOnOff = brightAmbientOnOffMenu.getState();
brightAmbient.setEnable(brightAmbientOnOff);
return;
}
if (src == redDirectionalOnOffMenu) {
redDirectionalOnOff = redDirectionalOnOffMenu.getState();
redDirectional.setEnable(redDirectionalOnOff);
return;
}
if (src == yellowDirectionalOnOffMenu) {
yellowDirectionalOnOff = yellowDirectionalOnOffMenu.getState();
yellowDirectional.setEnable(yellowDirectionalOnOff);
return;
}
if (src == orangePointOnOffMenu) {
orangePointOnOff = orangePointOnOffMenu.getState();
orangePoint.setEnable(orangePointOnOff);
return;
}
// Handle all other checkboxes
super.itemStateChanged(event);
}
} // //CLASS //ElevationGrid - a 3D terrain grid built from a list of heights // //DESCRIPTION //This class creates a 3D terrain on a grid whose X and Z dimensions, //and row/column spacing are parameters, along with a list of heights //(elevations), one per grid row/column pair. // class ElevationGrid extends Primitive {
// Parameters
protected int xDimension = 0, zDimension = 0;
protected double xSpacing = 0.0, zSpacing = 0.0;
protected double[] heights = null;
// 3D nodes
private Appearance mainAppearance = null;
private Shape3D shape = null;
private IndexedTriangleStripArray tristrip = null;
//
// Construct an elevation grid
//
public ElevationGrid() {
xDimension = 2;
zDimension = 2;
xSpacing = 1.0;
zSpacing = 1.0;
mainAppearance = null;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = 1.0;
zSpacing = 1.0;
mainAppearance = null;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, Appearance app) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = 1.0;
zSpacing = 1.0;
mainAppearance = app;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double xSpace, double zSpace) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = xSpace;
zSpacing = zSpace;
mainAppearance = null;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double xSpace, double zSpace,
Appearance app) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = xSpace;
zSpacing = zSpace;
mainAppearance = app;
zeroHeights();
rebuild();
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double[] h) {
this(xDim, zDim, 1.0, 1.0, h, null);
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double[] h, Appearance app) {
this(xDim, zDim, 1.0, 1.0, h, app);
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double xSpace, double zSpace,
double[] h) {
this(xDim, zDim, xSpace, zSpace, h, null);
}
public ElevationGrid(int xDim, int zDim, double xSpace, double zSpace,
double[] h, Appearance app) {
xDimension = xDim;
zDimension = zDim;
xSpacing = xSpace;
zSpacing = zSpace;
mainAppearance = app;
if (h == null)
zeroHeights();
else {
heights = new double[h.length];
for (int i = 0; i < h.length; i++)
heights[i] = h[i];
}
rebuild();
}
private void zeroHeights() {
int n = xDimension * zDimension;
heights = new double[n];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
heights[i] = 0.0;
}
private void rebuild() {
// Build a shape
if (shape == null) {
shape = new Shape3D();
shape.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_APPEARANCE_WRITE);
shape.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_GEOMETRY_WRITE);
shape.setAppearance(mainAppearance);
addChild(shape);
} else {
shape.setAppearance(mainAppearance);
}
if (xDimension < 2 || zDimension < 2 || heights == null
|| heights.length < 4) {
tristrip = null;
shape.setGeometry(null);
return;
}
// Create a list of coordinates, one per grid row/column
double[] coordinates = new double[xDimension * zDimension * 3];
double x, z;
int n = 0, k = 0;
z = ((double) (zDimension - 1)) * zSpacing / 2.0; // start at front edge
for (int i = 0; i < zDimension; i++) {
x = -((double) (xDimension - 1)) * xSpacing / 2.0;// start at left
// edge
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension; j++) {
coordinates[n++] = x;
coordinates[n++] = heights[k++];
coordinates[n++] = z;
x += xSpacing;
}
z -= zSpacing;
}
// Create a list of normals, one per grid row/column
float[] normals = new float[xDimension * zDimension * 3];
Vector3f one = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Vector3f two = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Vector3f norm = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
n = 0;
k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < zDimension - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension - 1; j++) {
// Vector to right in X
one.set((float) xSpacing,
(float) (heights[k + 1] - heights[k]), 0.0f);
// Vector back in Z
two.set(0.0f, (float) (heights[k + xDimension] - heights[k]),
(float) -zSpacing);
// Cross them to get the normal
norm.cross(one, two);
normals[n++] = norm.x;
normals[n++] = norm.y;
normals[n++] = norm.z;
k++;
}
// Last normal in row is a copy of the previous one
normals[n] = normals[n - 3]; // X
normals[n + 1] = normals[n - 2]; // Y
normals[n + 2] = normals[n - 1]; // Z
n += 3;
k++;
}
// Last row of normals is a copy of the previous row
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension; j++) {
normals[n] = normals[n - xDimension * 3]; // X
normals[n + 1] = normals[n - xDimension * 3 + 1]; // Y
normals[n + 2] = normals[n - xDimension * 3 + 2]; // Z
n += 3;
}
// Create a list of texture coordinates, one per grid row/column
float[] texcoordinates = new float[xDimension * zDimension * 2];
float deltaS = 1.0f / (float) (xDimension - 1);
float deltaT = 1.0f / (float) (zDimension - 1);
float s = 0.0f;
float t = 0.0f;
n = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < zDimension; i++) {
s = 0.0f;
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension; j++) {
texcoordinates[n++] = s;
texcoordinates[n++] = t;
s += deltaS;
}
t += deltaT;
}
// Create a list of triangle strip indexes. Each strip goes
// down one row (X direction) of the elevation grid.
int[] indexes = new int[xDimension * (zDimension - 1) * 2];
int[] stripCounts = new int[zDimension - 1];
n = 0;
k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < zDimension - 1; i++) {
stripCounts[i] = xDimension * 2;
for (int j = 0; j < xDimension; j++) {
indexes[n++] = k + xDimension;
indexes[n++] = k;
k++;
}
}
// Create geometry for collection of triangle strips, one
// strip per row of the elevation grid
tristrip = new IndexedTriangleStripArray(coordinates.length,
GeometryArray.COORDINATES | GeometryArray.NORMALS
| GeometryArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2, indexes.length,
stripCounts);
tristrip.setCoordinates(0, coordinates);
tristrip.setNormals(0, normals);
tristrip.setTextureCoordinates(0, texcoordinates);
tristrip.setCoordinateIndices(0, indexes);
tristrip.setNormalIndices(0, indexes);
tristrip.setTextureCoordinateIndices(0, indexes);
// Set the geometry for the shape
shape.setGeometry(tristrip);
}
//
// Control the appearance
//
public void setAppearance(Appearance app) {
mainAppearance = app;
if (shape != null)
shape.setAppearance(mainAppearance);
}
//
// Control grid parameters
//
public void setHeights(double[] h) {
if (h == null)
zeroHeights();
else {
heights = new double[h.length];
for (int i = 0; i < h.length; i++)
heights[i] = h[i];
}
rebuild();
}
public double[] getHeights() {
return heights;
}
public void setXDimension(int xDim) {
xDimension = xDim;
rebuild();
}
public int getXDimension() {
return xDimension;
}
public void setZDimension(int zDim) {
zDimension = zDim;
rebuild();
}
public int getZDimension() {
return zDimension;
}
public void setXSpacing(double xSpace) {
xSpacing = xSpace;
rebuild();
}
public double getXSpacing() {
return xSpacing;
}
public void setZSpacing(double zSpace) {
zSpacing = zSpace;
rebuild();
}
public double getZSpacing() {
return zSpacing;
}
//
// Provide info on the shape and geometry
//
public Shape3D getShape(int partid) {
return shape;
}
public int getNumTriangles() {
return xDimension * zDimension * 2;
}
public int getNumVertices() {
return xDimension * zDimension;
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive#getAppearance(int)
*/
public Appearance getAppearance(int arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
} // //CLASS //Arch - generalized arch // //DESCRIPTION //This class builds a generalized arch where incoming parameters //specify the angle range in theta (around the equator of a sphere), //the angle range in phi (north-south), the number of subdivisions //in theta and phi, and optionally radii and outer-to-inner wall //thickness variations as phi varies from its starting value to //its ending value. If the thicknesses are 0.0, then only an outer //surface is created. // //Using this class, you can create spheres with or without inner //surfaces, hemisphers, quarter spheres, and arches stretched or //compressed vertically. // //This is probably not as general as it could be, but it was enough //for the purposes at hand. // //SEE ALSO //ModernFire // //AUTHOR //David R. Nadeau / San Diego Supercomputer Center // // class Arch extends Group {
// The shape
private Shape3D arch = null;
// Construct an arch
public Arch() {
// Default to a sphere
this(0.0, Math.PI / 2.0, 9, 0.0, Math.PI, 17, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0,
new Appearance());
}
public Arch(Appearance app) {
// Default to a sphere
this(0.0, Math.PI / 2.0, 9, 0.0, Math.PI, 17, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, app);
}
public Arch(double startPhi, double endPhi, int nPhi, double startTheta,
double endTheta, int nTheta, Appearance app) {
// Default to constant radius, no thickness
this(startPhi, endPhi, nPhi, startTheta, endTheta, nTheta, 1.0, 1.0,
0.0, 0.0, app);
}
public Arch(double startPhi, double endPhi, int nPhi, double startTheta,
double endTheta, int nTheta, double startPhiRadius,
double endPhiRadius, double startPhiThickness,
double endPhiThickness, Appearance app) {
double theta, phi, radius, radius2, thickness;
double x, y, z;
double[] xyz = new double[3];
float[] norm = new float[3];
float[] tex = new float[3];
// Compute some values for our looping
double deltaTheta = (endTheta - startTheta) / (double) (nTheta - 1);
double deltaPhi = (endPhi - startPhi) / (double) (nPhi - 1);
double deltaTexX = 1.0 / (double) (nTheta - 1);
double deltaTexY = 1.0 / (double) (nPhi - 1);
double deltaPhiRadius = (endPhiRadius - startPhiRadius)
/ (double) (nPhi - 1);
double deltaPhiThickness = (endPhiThickness - startPhiThickness)
/ (double) (nPhi - 1);
boolean doThickness = true;
if (startPhiThickness == 0.0 && endPhiThickness == 0.0)
doThickness = false;
// Create geometry
int vertexCount = nTheta * nPhi;
if (doThickness)
vertexCount *= 2;
int indexCount = (nTheta - 1) * (nPhi - 1) * 4; // Outer surface
if (doThickness) {
indexCount *= 2; // plus inner surface
indexCount += (nPhi - 1) * 4 * 2; // plus left & right edges
}
IndexedQuadArray polys = new IndexedQuadArray(vertexCount,
GeometryArray.COORDINATES | GeometryArray.NORMALS
| GeometryArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2, indexCount);
//
// Compute coordinates, normals, and texture coordinates
//
theta = startTheta;
tex[0] = 0.0f;
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < nTheta; i++) {
phi = startPhi;
radius = startPhiRadius;
thickness = startPhiThickness;
tex[1] = 0.0f;
for (int j = 0; j < nPhi; j++) {
norm[0] = (float) (Math.cos(phi) * Math.cos(theta));
norm[1] = (float) (Math.sin(phi));
norm[2] = (float) (-Math.cos(phi) * Math.sin(theta));
xyz[0] = radius * norm[0];
xyz[1] = radius * norm[1];
xyz[2] = radius * norm[2];
polys.setCoordinate(index, xyz);
polys.setNormal(index, norm);
polys.setTextureCoordinate(index, tex);
index++;
if (doThickness) {
radius2 = radius - thickness;
xyz[0] = radius2 * norm[0];
xyz[1] = radius2 * norm[1];
xyz[2] = radius2 * norm[2];
norm[0] *= -1.0f;
norm[1] *= -1.0f;
norm[2] *= -1.0f;
polys.setCoordinate(index, xyz);
polys.setNormal(index, norm);
polys.setTextureCoordinate(index, tex);
index++;
}
phi += deltaPhi;
radius += deltaPhiRadius;
thickness += deltaPhiThickness;
tex[1] += deltaTexY;
}
theta += deltaTheta;
tex[0] += deltaTexX;
}
//
// Compute coordinate indexes
// (also used as normal and texture indexes)
//
index = 0;
int phiRow = nPhi;
int phiCol = 1;
if (doThickness) {
phiRow += nPhi;
phiCol += 1;
}
int[] indices = new int[indexCount];
// Outer surface
int n;
for (int i = 0; i < nTheta - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < nPhi - 1; j++) {
n = i * phiRow + j * phiCol;
indices[index + 0] = n;
indices[index + 1] = n + phiRow;
indices[index + 2] = n + phiRow + phiCol;
indices[index + 3] = n + phiCol;
index += 4;
}
}
// Inner surface
if (doThickness) {
for (int i = 0; i < nTheta - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < nPhi - 1; j++) {
n = i * phiRow + j * phiCol;
indices[index + 0] = n + 1;
indices[index + 1] = n + phiCol + 1;
indices[index + 2] = n + phiRow + phiCol + 1;
indices[index + 3] = n + phiRow + 1;
index += 4;
}
}
}
// Edges
if (doThickness) {
for (int j = 0; j < nPhi - 1; j++) {
n = j * phiCol;
indices[index + 0] = n;
indices[index + 1] = n + phiCol;
indices[index + 2] = n + phiCol + 1;
indices[index + 3] = n + 1;
index += 4;
}
for (int j = 0; j < nPhi - 1; j++) {
n = (nTheta - 1) * phiRow + j * phiCol;
indices[index + 0] = n;
indices[index + 1] = n + 1;
indices[index + 2] = n + phiCol + 1;
indices[index + 3] = n + phiCol;
index += 4;
}
}
polys.setCoordinateIndices(0, indices);
polys.setNormalIndices(0, indices);
polys.setTextureCoordinateIndices(0, indices);
//
// Build a shape
//
arch = new Shape3D();
arch.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_APPEARANCE_WRITE);
arch.setGeometry(polys);
arch.setAppearance(app);
addChild(arch);
}
public void setAppearance(Appearance app) {
if (arch != null)
arch.setAppearance(app);
}
} /**
* The Example class is a base class extended by example applications. The class * provides basic features to create a top-level frame, add a menubar and * Canvas3D, build the universe, set up "examine" and "walk" style navigation * behaviors, and provide hooks so that subclasses can add 3D content to the * example"s universe. * <P> * Using this Example class simplifies the construction of example applications, * enabling the author to focus upon 3D content and not the busywork of creating * windows, menus, and universes. * * @version 1.0, 98/04/16 * @author David R. Nadeau, San Diego Supercomputer Center */
class Java3DFrame extends Applet implements WindowListener, ActionListener,
ItemListener, CheckboxMenuListener {
// Navigation types
public final static int Walk = 0;
public final static int Examine = 1;
// Should the scene be compiled?
private boolean shouldCompile = true;
// GUI objects for our subclasses
protected Java3DFrame example = null;
protected Frame exampleFrame = null;
protected MenuBar exampleMenuBar = null;
protected Canvas3D exampleCanvas = null;
protected TransformGroup exampleViewTransform = null;
protected TransformGroup exampleSceneTransform = null;
protected boolean debug = false;
// Private GUI objects and state
private boolean headlightOnOff = true;
private int navigationType = Examine;
private CheckboxMenuItem headlightMenuItem = null;
private CheckboxMenuItem walkMenuItem = null;
private CheckboxMenuItem examineMenuItem = null;
private DirectionalLight headlight = null;
private ExamineViewerBehavior examineBehavior = null;
private WalkViewerBehavior walkBehavior = null;
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// ADMINISTRATION
//--------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* The main program entry point when invoked as an application. Each example
* application that extends this class must define their own main.
*
* @param args
* a String array of command-line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
Java3DFrame ex = new Java3DFrame();
ex.initialize(args);
ex.buildUniverse();
ex.showFrame();
}
/**
* Constructs a new Example object.
*
* @return a new Example that draws no 3D content
*/
public Java3DFrame() {
// Do nothing
}
/**
* Initializes the application when invoked as an applet.
*/
public void init() {
// Collect properties into String array
String[] args = new String[2];
// NOTE: to be done still...
this.initialize(args);
this.buildUniverse();
this.showFrame();
// NOTE: add something to the browser page?
}
/**
* Initializes the Example by parsing command-line arguments, building an
* AWT Frame, constructing a menubar, and creating the 3D canvas.
*
* @param args
* a String array of command-line arguments
*/
protected void initialize(String[] args) {
example = this;
// Parse incoming arguments
parseArgs(args);
// Build the frame
if (debug)
System.err.println("Building GUI...");
exampleFrame = new Frame();
exampleFrame.setSize(640, 480);
exampleFrame.setTitle("Java 3D Example");
exampleFrame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
// Set up a close behavior
exampleFrame.addWindowListener(this);
// Create a canvas
exampleCanvas = new Canvas3D(null);
exampleCanvas.setSize(630, 460);
exampleFrame.add("Center", exampleCanvas);
// Build the menubar
exampleMenuBar = this.buildMenuBar();
exampleFrame.setMenuBar(exampleMenuBar);
// Pack
exampleFrame.pack();
exampleFrame.validate();
// exampleFrame.setVisible( true );
}
/**
* Parses incoming command-line arguments. Applications that subclass this
* class may override this method to support their own command-line
* arguments.
*
* @param args
* a String array of command-line arguments
*/
protected void parseArgs(String[] args) {
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
if (args[i].equals("-d"))
debug = true;
}
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// SCENE CONTENT
//--------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Builds the 3D universe by constructing a virtual universe (via
* SimpleUniverse), a view platform (via SimpleUniverse), and a view (via
* SimpleUniverse). A headlight is added and a set of behaviors initialized
* to handle navigation types.
*/
protected void buildUniverse() {
//
// Create a SimpleUniverse object, which builds:
//
// - a Locale using the given hi-res coordinate origin
//
// - a ViewingPlatform which in turn builds:
// - a MultiTransformGroup with which to move the
// the ViewPlatform about
//
// - a ViewPlatform to hold the view
//
// - a BranchGroup to hold avatar geometry (if any)
//
// - a BranchGroup to hold view platform
// geometry (if any)
//
// - a Viewer which in turn builds:
// - a PhysicalBody which characterizes the user"s
// viewing preferences and abilities
//
// - a PhysicalEnvironment which characterizes the
// user"s rendering hardware and software
//
// - a JavaSoundMixer which initializes sound
// support within the 3D environment
//
// - a View which renders the scene into a Canvas3D
//
// All of these actions could be done explicitly, but
// using the SimpleUniverse utilities simplifies the code.
//
if (debug)
System.err.println("Building scene graph...");
SimpleUniverse universe = new SimpleUniverse(null, // Hi-res coordinate
// for the origin -
// use default
1, // Number of transforms in MultiTransformGroup
exampleCanvas, // Canvas3D into which to draw
null); // URL for user configuration file - use defaults
//
// Get the viewer and create an audio device so that
// sound will be enabled in this content.
//
Viewer viewer = universe.getViewer();
viewer.createAudioDevice();
//
// Get the viewing platform created by SimpleUniverse.
// From that platform, get the inner-most TransformGroup
// in the MultiTransformGroup. That inner-most group
// contains the ViewPlatform. It is this inner-most
// TransformGroup we need in order to:
//
// - add a "headlight" that always aims forward from
// the viewer
//
// - change the viewing direction in a "walk" style
//
// The inner-most TransformGroup"s transform will be
// changed by the walk behavior (when enabled).
//
ViewingPlatform viewingPlatform = universe.getViewingPlatform();
exampleViewTransform = viewingPlatform.getViewPlatformTransform();
//
// Create a "headlight" as a forward-facing directional light.
// Set the light"s bounds to huge. Since we want the light
// on the viewer"s "head", we need the light within the
// TransformGroup containing the ViewPlatform. The
// ViewingPlatform class creates a handy hook to do this
// called "platform geometry". The PlatformGeometry class is
// subclassed off of BranchGroup, and is intended to contain
// a description of the 3D platform itself... PLUS a headlight!
// So, to add the headlight, create a new PlatformGeometry group,
// add the light to it, then add that platform geometry to the
// ViewingPlatform.
//
BoundingSphere allBounds = new BoundingSphere(
new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100000.0);
PlatformGeometry pg = new PlatformGeometry();
headlight = new DirectionalLight();
headlight.setColor(White);
headlight.setDirection(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f));
headlight.setInfluencingBounds(allBounds);
headlight.setCapability(Light.ALLOW_STATE_WRITE);
pg.addChild(headlight);
viewingPlatform.setPlatformGeometry(pg);
//
// Create the 3D content BranchGroup, containing:
//
// - a TransformGroup who"s transform the examine behavior
// will change (when enabled).
//
// - 3D geometry to view
//
// Build the scene root
BranchGroup sceneRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Build a transform that we can modify
exampleSceneTransform = new TransformGroup();
exampleSceneTransform
.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
exampleSceneTransform
.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
exampleSceneTransform.setCapability(Group.ALLOW_CHILDREN_EXTEND);
//
// Build the scene, add it to the transform, and add
// the transform to the scene root
//
if (debug)
System.err.println(" scene...");
Group scene = this.buildScene();
exampleSceneTransform.addChild(scene);
sceneRoot.addChild(exampleSceneTransform);
//
// Create a pair of behaviors to implement two navigation
// types:
//
// - "examine": a style where mouse drags rotate about
// the scene"s origin as if it is an object under
// examination. This is similar to the "Examine"
// navigation type used by VRML browsers.
//
// - "walk": a style where mouse drags rotate about
// the viewer"s center as if the viewer is turning
// about to look at a scene they are in. This is
// similar to the "Walk" navigation type used by
// VRML browsers.
//
// Aim the examine behavior at the scene"s TransformGroup
// and add the behavior to the scene root.
//
// Aim the walk behavior at the viewing platform"s
// TransformGroup and add the behavior to the scene root.
//
// Enable one (and only one!) of the two behaviors
// depending upon the current navigation type.
//
examineBehavior = new ExamineViewerBehavior(exampleSceneTransform, // Transform
// gorup
// to
// modify
exampleFrame); // Parent frame for cusor changes
examineBehavior.setSchedulingBounds(allBounds);
sceneRoot.addChild(examineBehavior);
walkBehavior = new WalkViewerBehavior(exampleViewTransform, // Transform
// group to
// modify
exampleFrame); // Parent frame for cusor changes
walkBehavior.setSchedulingBounds(allBounds);
sceneRoot.addChild(walkBehavior);
if (navigationType == Walk) {
examineBehavior.setEnable(false);
walkBehavior.setEnable(true);
} else {
examineBehavior.setEnable(true);
walkBehavior.setEnable(false);
}
//
// Compile the scene branch group and add it to the
// SimpleUniverse.
//
if (shouldCompile)
sceneRoot.rupile();
universe.addBranchGraph(sceneRoot);
reset();
}
/**
* Builds the scene. Example application subclasses should replace this
* method with their own method to build 3D content.
*
* @return a Group containing 3D content to display
*/
public Group buildScene() {
// Build the scene group containing nothing
Group scene = new Group();
return scene;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// SET/GET METHODS
//--------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Sets the headlight on/off state. The headlight faces forward in the
* direction the viewer is facing. Example applications that add their own
* lights will typically turn the headlight off. A standard menu item
* enables the headlight to be turned on and off via user control.
*
* @param onOff
* a boolean turning the light on (true) or off (false)
*/
public void setHeadlightEnable(boolean onOff) {
headlightOnOff = onOff;
if (headlight != null)
headlight.setEnable(headlightOnOff);
if (headlightMenuItem != null)
headlightMenuItem.setState(headlightOnOff);
}
/**
* Gets the headlight on/off state.
*
* @return a boolean indicating if the headlight is on or off
*/
public boolean getHeadlightEnable() {
return headlightOnOff;
}
/**
* Sets the navigation type to be either Examine or Walk. The Examine
* navigation type sets up behaviors that use mouse drags to rotate and
* translate scene content as if it is an object held at arm"s length and
* under examination. The Walk navigation type uses mouse drags to rotate
* and translate the viewer as if they are walking through the content. The
* Examine type is the default.
*
* @param nav
* either Walk or Examine
*/
public void setNavigationType(int nav) {
if (nav == Walk) {
navigationType = Walk;
if (walkMenuItem != null)
walkMenuItem.setState(true);
if (examineMenuItem != null)
examineMenuItem.setState(false);
if (walkBehavior != null)
walkBehavior.setEnable(true);
if (examineBehavior != null)
examineBehavior.setEnable(false);
} else {
navigationType = Examine;
if (walkMenuItem != null)
walkMenuItem.setState(false);
if (examineMenuItem != null)
examineMenuItem.setState(true);
if (walkBehavior != null)
walkBehavior.setEnable(false);
if (examineBehavior != null)
examineBehavior.setEnable(true);
}
}
/**
* Gets the current navigation type, returning either Walk or Examine.
*
* @return either Walk or Examine
*/
public int getNavigationType() {
return navigationType;
}
/**
* Sets whether the scene graph should be compiled or not. Normally this is
* always a good idea. For some example applications that use this Example
* framework, it is useful to disable compilation - particularly when nodes
* and node components will need to be made un-live in order to make
* changes. Once compiled, such components can be made un-live, but they are
* still unchangable unless appropriate capabilities have been set.
*
* @param onOff
* a boolean turning compilation on (true) or off (false)
*/
public void setCompilable(boolean onOff) {
shouldCompile = onOff;
}
/**
* Gets whether the scene graph will be compiled or not.
*
* @return a boolean indicating if scene graph compilation is on or off
*/
public boolean getCompilable() {
return shouldCompile;
}
//These methods will be replaced
// Set the view position and direction
public void setViewpoint(Point3f position, Vector3f direction) {
Transform3D t = new Transform3D();
t.set(new Vector3f(position));
exampleViewTransform.setTransform(t);
// how to set direction?
}
// Reset transforms
public void reset() {
Transform3D trans = new Transform3D();
exampleSceneTransform.setTransform(trans);
trans.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 10.0f));
exampleViewTransform.setTransform(trans);
setNavigationType(navigationType);
}
//
// Gets the URL (with file: prepended) for the current directory.
// This is a terrible hack needed in the Alpha release of Java3D
// in order to build a full path URL for loading sounds with
// MediaContainer. When MediaContainer is fully implemented,
// it should handle relative path names, but not yet.
//
public String getCurrentDirectory() {
// Create a bogus file so that we can query it"s path
File dummy = new File("dummy.tmp");
String dummyPath = dummy.getAbsolutePath();
// strip "/dummy.tmp" from end of dummyPath and put into "path"
if (dummyPath.endsWith(File.separator + "dummy.tmp")) {
int index = dummyPath.lastIndexOf(File.separator + "dummy.tmp");
if (index >= 0) {
int pathLength = index + 5; // pre-pend "file:"
char[] charPath = new char[pathLength];
dummyPath.getChars(0, index, charPath, 5);
String path = new String(charPath, 0, pathLength);
path = "file:" + path.substring(5, pathLength);
return path + File.separator;
}
}
return dummyPath + File.separator;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
// USER INTERFACE
//--------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Builds the example AWT Frame menubar. Standard menus and their options
* are added. Applications that subclass this class should build their
* menubar additions within their initialize method.
*
* @return a MenuBar for the AWT Frame
*/
private MenuBar buildMenuBar() {
// Build the menubar
MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
// File menu
Menu m = new Menu("File");
m.addActionListener(this);
m.add("Exit");
menuBar.add(m);
// View menu
m = new Menu("View");
m.addActionListener(this);
m.add("Reset view");
m.addSeparator();
walkMenuItem = new CheckboxMenuItem("Walk");
walkMenuItem.addItemListener(this);
m.add(walkMenuItem);
examineMenuItem = new CheckboxMenuItem("Examine");
examineMenuItem.addItemListener(this);
m.add(examineMenuItem);
if (navigationType == Walk) {
walkMenuItem.setState(true);
examineMenuItem.setState(false);
} else {
walkMenuItem.setState(false);
examineMenuItem.setState(true);
}
m.addSeparator();
headlightMenuItem = new CheckboxMenuItem("Headlight on/off");
headlightMenuItem.addItemListener(this);
headlightMenuItem.setState(headlightOnOff);
m.add(headlightMenuItem);
menuBar.add(m);
return menuBar;
}
/**
* Shows the application"s frame, making it and its menubar, 3D canvas, and
* 3D content visible.
*/
public void showFrame() {
exampleFrame.show();
}
/**
* Quits the application.
*/
public void quit() {
System.exit(0);
}
/**
* Handles menu selections.
*
* @param event
* an ActionEvent indicating what menu action requires handling
*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
String arg = event.getActionCommand();
if (arg.equals("Reset view"))
reset();
else if (arg.equals("Exit"))
quit();
}
/**
* Handles checkbox items on a CheckboxMenu. The Example class has none of
* its own, but subclasses may have some.
*
* @param menu
* which CheckboxMenu needs action
* @param check
* which CheckboxMenu item has changed
*/
public void checkboxChanged(CheckboxMenu menu, int check) {
// None for us
}
/**
* Handles on/off checkbox items on a standard menu.
*
* @param event
* an ItemEvent indicating what requires handling
*/
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent event) {
Object src = event.getSource();
boolean state;
if (src == headlightMenuItem) {
state = headlightMenuItem.getState();
headlight.setEnable(state);
} else if (src == walkMenuItem)
setNavigationType(Walk);
else if (src == examineMenuItem)
setNavigationType(Examine);
}
/**
* Handles a window closing event notifying the application that the user
* has chosen to close the application without selecting the "Exit" menu
* item.
*
* @param event
* a WindowEvent indicating the window is closing
*/
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event) {
quit();
}
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent event) {
}
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent event) {
}
public void windowIconified(WindowEvent event) {
}
public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent event) {
}
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent event) {
}
public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent event) {
}
// Well known colors, positions, and directions
public final static Color3f White = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
public final static Color3f Gray = new Color3f(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f);
public final static Color3f DarkGray = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
public final static Color3f Black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Color3f Red = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Color3f DarkRed = new Color3f(0.3f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Color3f Yellow = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Color3f DarkYellow = new Color3f(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.0f);
public final static Color3f Green = new Color3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Color3f DarkGreen = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.3f, 0.0f);
public final static Color3f Cyan = new Color3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
public final static Color3f Blue = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
public final static Color3f DarkBlue = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.3f);
public final static Color3f Magenta = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
public final static Vector3f PosX = new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Vector3f NegX = new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Vector3f PosY = new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Vector3f NegY = new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Vector3f PosZ = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
public final static Vector3f NegZ = new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
public final static Point3f Origin = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Point3f PlusX = new Point3f(0.75f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Point3f MinusX = new Point3f(-0.75f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
public final static Point3f PlusY = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.75f, 0.0f);
public final static Point3f MinusY = new Point3f(0.0f, -0.75f, 0.0f);
public final static Point3f PlusZ = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.75f);
public final static Point3f MinusZ = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -0.75f);
} // //INTERFACE //CheckboxMenuListener - listen for checkbox change events // //DESCRIPTION //The checkboxChanged method is called by users of this class //to notify the listener when a checkbox choice has changed on //a CheckboxMenu class menu. // interface CheckboxMenuListener extends EventListener {
public void checkboxChanged(CheckboxMenu menu, int check);
} /**
* ExamineViewerBehavior * * @version 1.0, 98/04/16 */
/**
* Wakeup on mouse button presses, releases, and mouse movements and generate * transforms in an "examination style" that enables the user to rotate, * translation, and zoom an object as if it is held at arm"s length. Such an * examination style is similar to the "Examine" navigation type used by VRML * browsers. * * The behavior maps mouse drags to different transforms depending upon the * mosue button held down: * * Button 1 (left) Horizontal movement --> Y-axis rotation Vertical movement --> * X-axis rotation * * Button 2 (middle) Horizontal movement --> nothing Vertical movement --> * Z-axis translation * * Button 3 (right) Horizontal movement --> X-axis translation Vertical movement * --> Y-axis translation * * To support systems with 2 or 1 mouse buttons, the following alternate * mappings are supported while dragging with any mouse button held down and * zero or more keyboard modifiers held down: * * No modifiers = Button 1 ALT = Button 2 Meta = Button 3 Control = Button 3 * * The behavior automatically modifies a TransformGroup provided to the * constructor. The TransformGroup"s transform can be set at any time by the * application or other behaviors to cause the examine rotation and translation * to be reset. */
// This class is inspired by the MouseBehavior, MouseRotate, // MouseTranslate, and MouseZoom utility behaviors provided with // Java 3D. This class differs from those utilities in that it: // // (a) encapsulates all three behaviors into one in order to // enforce a specific "Examine" symantic // // (b) supports set/get of the rotation and translation factors // that control the speed of movement. // // (c) supports the "Control" modifier as an alternative to the // "Meta" modifier not present on PC, Mac, and most non-Sun // keyboards. This makes button3 behavior usable on PCs, // Macs, and other systems with fewer than 3 mouse buttons. class ExamineViewerBehavior extends ViewerBehavior {
// Previous cursor location
protected int previousX = 0;
protected int previousY = 0;
// Saved standard cursor
protected Cursor savedCursor = null;
/**
* Construct an examine behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into a
* transform group given later with the setTransformGroup( ) method.
*/
public ExamineViewerBehavior() {
super();
}
/**
* Construct an examine behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into a
* transform group given later with the setTransformGroup( ) method.
*
* @param parent
* The AWT Component that contains the area generating mouse
* events.
*/
public ExamineViewerBehavior(Component parent) {
super(parent);
}
/**
* Construct an examine behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into the
* given transform group.
*
* @param transformGroup
* The transform group to be modified by the behavior.
*/
public ExamineViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup) {
super();
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Construct an examine behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into the
* given transform group.
*
* @param transformGroup
* The transform group to be modified by the behavior.
* @param parent
* The AWT Component that contains the area generating mouse
* events.
*/
public ExamineViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup, Component parent) {
super(parent);
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Respond to a button1 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public void onButton1(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
// Change to a "move" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: do nothing
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
//
// Mouse moved while button down: create a rotation
//
// Compute the delta in X and Y from the previous
// position. Use the delta to compute rotation
// angles with the mapping:
//
// positive X mouse delta --> positive Y-axis rotation
// positive Y mouse delta --> positive X-axis rotation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
int deltaX = x - previousX;
int deltaY = y - previousY;
if (deltaX > UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaX < -UNUSUAL_XDELTA
|| deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) {
// Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch.
// Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything.
return;
}
double xRotationAngle = deltaY * XRotationFactor;
double yRotationAngle = deltaX * YRotationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
transform1.rotX(xRotationAngle);
transform2.rotY(yRotationAngle);
// Get and save the current transform matrix
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
currentTransform.get(matrix);
translate.set(matrix.m03, matrix.m13, matrix.m23);
// Translate to the origin, rotate, then translate back
currentTransform.setTranslation(origin);
currentTransform.mul(transform1, currentTransform);
currentTransform.mul(transform2, currentTransform);
currentTransform.setTranslation(translate);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
/**
* Respond to a button2 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public void onButton2(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
// Change to a "move" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: do nothing
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
//
// Mouse moved while button down: create a translation
//
// Compute the delta in Y from the previous
// position. Use the delta to compute translation
// distances with the mapping:
//
// positive Y mouse delta --> positive Y-axis translation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
int deltaY = y - previousY;
if (deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) {
// Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch.
// Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything.
return;
}
double zTranslationDistance = deltaY * ZTranslationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
translate.set(0.0, 0.0, zTranslationDistance);
transform1.set(translate);
// Get and save the current transform
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
// Translate as needed
currentTransform.mul(transform1, currentTransform);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
/**
* Respond to a button3 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public void onButton3(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
// Change to a "move" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: do nothing
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
//
// Mouse moved while button down: create a translation
//
// Compute the delta in X and Y from the previous
// position. Use the delta to compute translation
// distances with the mapping:
//
// positive X mouse delta --> positive X-axis translation
// positive Y mouse delta --> negative Y-axis translation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
int deltaX = x - previousX;
int deltaY = y - previousY;
if (deltaX > UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaX < -UNUSUAL_XDELTA
|| deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) {
// Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch.
// Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything.
return;
}
double xTranslationDistance = deltaX * XTranslationFactor;
double yTranslationDistance = -deltaY * YTranslationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
translate.set(xTranslationDistance, yTranslationDistance, 0.0);
transform1.set(translate);
// Get and save the current transform
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
// Translate as needed
currentTransform.mul(transform1, currentTransform);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
/**
* Respond to an elapsed frames event (assuming subclass has set up a wakeup
* criterion for it).
*
* @param time
* A WakeupOnElapsedFrames criterion to respond to.
*/
public void onElapsedFrames(WakeupOnElapsedFrames timeEvent) {
// Can"t happen
}
} /*
* * Copyright (c) 1998 David R. Nadeau * */
/**
* WalkViewerBehavior is a utility class that creates a "walking style" * navigation symantic. * * The behavior wakes up on mouse button presses, releases, and mouse movements * and generates transforms in a "walk style" that enables the user to walk * through a scene, translating and turning about as if they are within the * scene. Such a walk style is similar to the "Walk" navigation type used by * VRML browsers. * <P> * The behavior maps mouse drags to different transforms depending upon the * mouse button held down:*
-
*
- Button 1 (left) *
- Horizontal movement --> Y-axis rotation
*
- Vertical movement --> Z-axis translation * *
- Button 2 (middle) *
- Horizontal movement --> Y-axis rotation
*
- Vertical movement --> X-axis rotation * *
- Button 3 (right) *
- Horizontal movement --> X-axis translation
*
- Vertical movement --> Y-axis translation *
* * To support systems with 2 or 1 mouse buttons, the following alternate * mappings are supported while dragging with any mouse button held down and * zero or more keyboard modifiers held down:*
-
*
- No modifiers = Button 1 *
- ALT = Button 2 *
- Meta = Button 3 *
- Control = Button 3 *
* The behavior automatically modifies a TransformGroup provided to the * constructor. The TransformGroup"s transform can be set at any time by the * application or other behaviors to cause the walk rotation and translation to * be reset. * <P> * While a mouse button is down, the behavior automatically changes the cursor * in a given parent AWT Component. If no parent Component is given, no cursor * changes are attempted. * * @version 1.0, 98/04/16 * @author David R. Nadeau, San Diego Supercomputer Center */
class WalkViewerBehavior extends ViewerBehavior {
// This class is inspired by the MouseBehavior, MouseRotate,
// MouseTranslate, and MouseZoom utility behaviors provided with
// Java 3D. This class differs from those utilities in that it:
//
// (a) encapsulates all three behaviors into one in order to
// enforce a specific "Walk" symantic
//
// (b) supports set/get of the rotation and translation factors
// that control the speed of movement.
//
// (c) supports the "Control" modifier as an alternative to the
// "Meta" modifier not present on PC, Mac, and most non-Sun
// keyboards. This makes button3 behavior usable on PCs,
// Macs, and other systems with fewer than 3 mouse buttons.
// Previous and initial cursor locations
protected int previousX = 0;
protected int previousY = 0;
protected int initialX = 0;
protected int initialY = 0;
// Deadzone size (delta from initial XY for which no
// translate or rotate action is taken
protected static final int DELTAX_DEADZONE = 10;
protected static final int DELTAY_DEADZONE = 10;
// Keep a set of wakeup criterion for animation-generated
// event types.
protected WakeupCriterion[] mouseAndAnimationEvents = null;
protected WakeupOr mouseAndAnimationCriterion = null;
protected WakeupOr savedMouseCriterion = null;
// Saved standard cursor
protected Cursor savedCursor = null;
/**
* Default Rotation and translation scaling factors for animated movements
* (Button 1 press).
*/
public static final double DEFAULT_YROTATION_ANIMATION_FACTOR = 0.0002;
public static final double DEFAULT_ZTRANSLATION_ANIMATION_FACTOR = 0.01;
protected double YRotationAnimationFactor = DEFAULT_YROTATION_ANIMATION_FACTOR;
protected double ZTranslationAnimationFactor = DEFAULT_ZTRANSLATION_ANIMATION_FACTOR;
/**
* Constructs a new walk behavior that converts mouse actions into rotations
* and translations. Rotations and translations are written into a
* TransformGroup that must be set using the setTransformGroup method. The
* cursor will be changed during mouse actions if the parent frame is set
* using the setParentComponent method.
*
* @return a new WalkViewerBehavior that needs its TransformGroup and parent
* Component set
*/
public WalkViewerBehavior() {
super();
}
/**
* Constructs a new walk behavior that converts mouse actions into rotations
* and translations. Rotations and translations are written into a
* TransformGroup that must be set using the setTransformGroup method. The
* cursor will be changed within the given AWT parent Component during mouse
* drags.
*
* @param parent
* a parent AWT Component within which the cursor will change
* during mouse drags
*
* @return a new WalkViewerBehavior that needs its TransformGroup and parent
* Component set
*/
public WalkViewerBehavior(Component parent) {
super(parent);
}
/**
* Constructs a new walk behavior that converts mouse actions into rotations
* and translations. Rotations and translations are written into the given
* TransformGroup. The cursor will be changed during mouse actions if the
* parent frame is set using the setParentComponent method.
*
* @param transformGroup
* a TransformGroup whos transform is read and written by the
* behavior
*
* @return a new WalkViewerBehavior that needs its TransformGroup and parent
* Component set
*/
public WalkViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup) {
super();
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Constructs a new walk behavior that converts mouse actions into rotations
* and translations. Rotations and translations are written into the given
* TransformGroup. The cursor will be changed within the given AWT parent
* Component during mouse drags.
*
* @param transformGroup
* a TransformGroup whos transform is read and written by the
* behavior
*
* @param parent
* a parent AWT Component within which the cursor will change
* during mouse drags
*
* @return a new WalkViewerBehavior that needs its TransformGroup and parent
* Component set
*/
public WalkViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup, Component parent) {
super(parent);
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Initializes the behavior.
*/
public void initialize() {
super.initialize();
savedMouseCriterion = mouseCriterion; // from parent class
mouseAndAnimationEvents = new WakeupCriterion[4];
mouseAndAnimationEvents[0] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(
MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED);
mouseAndAnimationEvents[1] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(
MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED);
mouseAndAnimationEvents[2] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(
MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED);
mouseAndAnimationEvents[3] = new WakeupOnElapsedFrames(0);
mouseAndAnimationCriterion = new WakeupOr(mouseAndAnimationEvents);
// Don"t use the above criterion until a button 1 down event
}
/**
* Sets the Y rotation animation scaling factor for Y-axis rotations. This
* scaling factor is used to control the speed of Y rotation when button 1
* is pressed and dragged.
*
* @param factor
* the double Y rotation scaling factor
*/
public void setYRotationAnimationFactor(double factor) {
YRotationAnimationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Gets the current Y animation rotation scaling factor for Y-axis
* rotations.
*
* @return the double Y rotation scaling factor
*/
public double getYRotationAnimationFactor() {
return YRotationAnimationFactor;
}
/**
* Sets the Z animation translation scaling factor for Z-axis translations.
* This scaling factor is used to control the speed of Z translation when
* button 1 is pressed and dragged.
*
* @param factor
* the double Z translation scaling factor
*/
public void setZTranslationAnimationFactor(double factor) {
ZTranslationAnimationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Gets the current Z animation translation scaling factor for Z-axis
* translations.
*
* @return the double Z translation scaling factor
*/
public double getZTranslationAnimationFactor() {
return ZTranslationAnimationFactor;
}
/**
* Responds to an elapsed frames event. Such an event is generated on every
* frame while button 1 is held down. On each call, this method computes new
* Y-axis rotation and Z-axis translation values and writes them to the
* behavior"s TransformGroup. The translation and rotation amounts are
* computed based upon the distance between the current cursor location and
* the cursor location when button 1 was pressed. As this distance
* increases, the translation or rotation amount increases.
*
* @param time
* the WakeupOnElapsedFrames criterion to respond to
*/
public void onElapsedFrames(WakeupOnElapsedFrames timeEvent) {
//
// Time elapsed while button down: create a rotation and
// a translation.
//
// Compute the delta in X and Y from the initial position to
// the previous position. Multiply the delta times a scaling
// factor to compute an offset to add to the current translation
// and rotation. Use the mapping:
//
// positive X mouse delta --> negative Y-axis rotation
// positive Y mouse delta --> positive Z-axis translation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
if (buttonPressed != BUTTON1)
return;
int deltaX = previousX - initialX;
int deltaY = previousY - initialY;
double yRotationAngle = -deltaX * YRotationAnimationFactor;
double zTranslationDistance = deltaY * ZTranslationAnimationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
transform1.rotY(yRotationAngle);
translate.set(0.0, 0.0, zTranslationDistance);
// Get and save the current transform matrix
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
currentTransform.get(matrix);
// Translate to the origin, rotate, then translate back
currentTransform.setTranslation(origin);
currentTransform.mul(transform1, currentTransform);
// Translate back from the origin by the original translation
// distance, plus the new walk translation... but force walk
// to travel on a plane by ignoring the Y component of a
// transformed translation vector.
currentTransform.transform(translate);
translate.x += matrix.m03; // add in existing X translation
translate.y = matrix.m13; // use Y translation
translate.z += matrix.m23; // add in existing Z translation
currentTransform.setTranslation(translate);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
}
/**
* Responds to a button1 event (press, release, or drag). On a press, the
* method adds a wakeup criterion to the behavior"s set, callling for the
* behavior to be awoken on each frame. On a button prelease, this criterion
* is removed from the set.
*
* @param mouseEvent
* the MouseEvent to respond to
*/
public void onButton1(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position and change
// the wakeup criterion to include elapsed time wakeups
// so we can animate.
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
initialX = x;
initialY = y;
// Swap criterion... parent class will not reschedule us
mouseCriterion = mouseAndAnimationCriterion;
// Change to a "move" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: restore original wakeup
// criterion which only includes mouse activity, not
// elapsed time
mouseCriterion = savedMouseCriterion;
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
/**
* Responds to a button2 event (press, release, or drag). On a press, the
* method records the initial cursor location. On a drag, the difference
* between the current and previous cursor location provides a delta that
* controls the amount by which to rotate in X and Y.
*
* @param mouseEvent
* the MouseEvent to respond to
*/
public void onButton2(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
initialX = x;
initialY = y;
// Change to a "rotate" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: do nothing
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
//
// Mouse moved while button down: create a rotation
//
// Compute the delta in X and Y from the previous
// position. Use the delta to compute rotation
// angles with the mapping:
//
// positive X mouse delta --> negative Y-axis rotation
// positive Y mouse delta --> negative X-axis rotation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
int deltaX = x - previousX;
int deltaY = 0;
if (Math.abs(y - initialY) > DELTAY_DEADZONE) {
// Cursor has moved far enough vertically to consider
// it intentional, so get it"s delta.
deltaY = y - previousY;
}
if (deltaX > UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaX < -UNUSUAL_XDELTA
|| deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) {
// Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch.
// Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything.
return;
}
double xRotationAngle = -deltaY * XRotationFactor;
double yRotationAngle = -deltaX * YRotationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
transform1.rotX(xRotationAngle);
transform2.rotY(yRotationAngle);
// Get and save the current transform matrix
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
currentTransform.get(matrix);
translate.set(matrix.m03, matrix.m13, matrix.m23);
// Translate to the origin, rotate, then translate back
currentTransform.setTranslation(origin);
currentTransform.mul(transform2, currentTransform);
currentTransform.mul(transform1);
currentTransform.setTranslation(translate);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
/**
* Responds to a button3 event (press, release, or drag). On a drag, the
* difference between the current and previous cursor location provides a
* delta that controls the amount by which to translate in X and Y.
*
* @param mouseEvent
* the MouseEvent to respond to
*/
public void onButton3(MouseEvent mev) {
if (subjectTransformGroup == null)
return;
int x = mev.getX();
int y = mev.getY();
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED) {
// Mouse button pressed: record position
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
// Change to a "move" cursor
if (parentComponent != null) {
savedCursor = parentComponent.getCursor();
parentComponent.setCursor(Cursor
.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.MOVE_CURSOR));
}
return;
}
if (mev.getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED) {
// Mouse button released: do nothing
// Switch the cursor back
if (parentComponent != null)
parentComponent.setCursor(savedCursor);
return;
}
//
// Mouse moved while button down: create a translation
//
// Compute the delta in X and Y from the previous
// position. Use the delta to compute translation
// distances with the mapping:
//
// positive X mouse delta --> positive X-axis translation
// positive Y mouse delta --> negative Y-axis translation
//
// where positive X mouse movement is to the right, and
// positive Y mouse movement is **down** the screen.
//
int deltaX = x - previousX;
int deltaY = y - previousY;
if (deltaX > UNUSUAL_XDELTA || deltaX < -UNUSUAL_XDELTA
|| deltaY > UNUSUAL_YDELTA || deltaY < -UNUSUAL_YDELTA) {
// Deltas are too huge to be believable. Probably a glitch.
// Don"t record the new XY location, or do anything.
return;
}
double xTranslationDistance = deltaX * XTranslationFactor;
double yTranslationDistance = -deltaY * YTranslationFactor;
//
// Build transforms
//
translate.set(xTranslationDistance, yTranslationDistance, 0.0);
transform1.set(translate);
// Get and save the current transform
subjectTransformGroup.getTransform(currentTransform);
// Translate as needed
currentTransform.mul(transform1);
// Update the transform group
subjectTransformGroup.setTransform(currentTransform);
previousX = x;
previousY = y;
}
} // //CLASS //CheckboxMenu - build a menu of grouped checkboxes // //DESCRIPTION //The class creates a menu with one or more CheckboxMenuItem"s //and monitors that menu. When a menu checkbox is picked, the //previous one is turned off (in radio-button style). Then, //a given listener"s checkboxChanged method is called, passing it //the menu and the item checked. // class CheckboxMenu extends Menu implements ItemListener {
// State
protected CheckboxMenuItem[] checks = null;
protected int current = 0;
protected CheckboxMenuListener listener = null;
// Construct
public CheckboxMenu(String name, NameValue[] items,
CheckboxMenuListener listen) {
this(name, items, 0, listen);
}
public CheckboxMenu(String name, NameValue[] items, int cur,
CheckboxMenuListener listen) {
super(name);
current = cur;
listener = listen;
if (items == null)
return;
checks = new CheckboxMenuItem[items.length];
for (int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
checks[i] = new CheckboxMenuItem(items[i].name, false);
checks[i].addItemListener(this);
add(checks[i]);
}
checks[cur].setState(true);
}
// Handle checkbox changed events
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent event) {
Object src = event.getSource();
for (int i = 0; i < checks.length; i++) {
if (src == checks[i]) {
// Update the checkboxes
checks[current].setState(false);
current = i;
checks[current].setState(true);
if (listener != null)
listener.checkboxChanged(this, i);
return;
}
}
}
// Methods to get and set state
public int getCurrent() {
return current;
}
public void setCurrent(int cur) {
if (cur < 0 || cur >= checks.length)
return; // ignore out of range choices
if (checks == null)
return;
checks[current].setState(false);
current = cur;
checks[current].setState(true);
}
public CheckboxMenuItem getSelectedCheckbox() {
if (checks == null)
return null;
return checks[current];
}
public void setSelectedCheckbox(CheckboxMenuItem item) {
if (checks == null)
return;
for (int i = 0; i < checks.length; i++) {
if (item == checks[i]) {
checks[i].setState(false);
current = i;
checks[i].setState(true);
}
}
}
} /**
* ViewerBehavior * * @version 1.0, 98/04/16 */
/**
* Wakeup on mouse button presses, releases, and mouse movements and generate * transforms for a transform group. Classes that extend this class impose * specific symantics, such as "Examine" or "Walk" viewing, similar to the * navigation types used by VRML browsers. * * To support systems with 2 or 1 mouse buttons, the following alternate * mappings are supported while dragging with any mouse button held down and * zero or more keyboard modifiers held down: * * No modifiers = Button 1 ALT = Button 2 Meta = Button 3 Control = Button 3 * * The behavior automatically modifies a TransformGroup provided to the * constructor. The TransformGroup"s transform can be set at any time by the * application or other behaviors to cause the viewer"s rotation and translation * to be reset. */
// This class is inspired by the MouseBehavior, MouseRotate, // MouseTranslate, and MouseZoom utility behaviors provided with // Java 3D. This class differs from those utilities in that it: // // (a) encapsulates all three behaviors into one in order to // enforce a specific viewing symantic // // (b) supports set/get of the rotation and translation factors // that control the speed of movement. // // (c) supports the "Control" modifier as an alternative to the // "Meta" modifier not present on PC, Mac, and most non-Sun // keyboards. This makes button3 behavior usable on PCs, // Macs, and other systems with fewer than 3 mouse buttons. abstract class ViewerBehavior extends Behavior {
// Keep track of the transform group who"s transform we modify
// during mouse motion.
protected TransformGroup subjectTransformGroup = null;
// Keep a set of wakeup criterion for different mouse-generated
// event types.
protected WakeupCriterion[] mouseEvents = null;
protected WakeupOr mouseCriterion = null;
// Track which button was last pressed
protected static final int BUTTONNONE = -1;
protected static final int BUTTON1 = 0;
protected static final int BUTTON2 = 1;
protected static final int BUTTON3 = 2;
protected int buttonPressed = BUTTONNONE;
// Keep a few Transform3Ds for use during event processing. This
// avoids having to allocate new ones on each event.
protected Transform3D currentTransform = new Transform3D();
protected Transform3D transform1 = new Transform3D();
protected Transform3D transform2 = new Transform3D();
protected Matrix4d matrix = new Matrix4d();
protected Vector3d origin = new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
protected Vector3d translate = new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
// Unusual X and Y delta limits.
protected static final int UNUSUAL_XDELTA = 400;
protected static final int UNUSUAL_YDELTA = 400;
protected Component parentComponent = null;
/**
* Construct a viewer behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into a
* transform group given later with the setTransformGroup( ) method.
*/
public ViewerBehavior() {
super();
}
/**
* Construct a viewer behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into a
* transform group given later with the setTransformGroup( ) method.
*
* @param parent
* The AWT Component that contains the area generating mouse
* events.
*/
public ViewerBehavior(Component parent) {
super();
parentComponent = parent;
}
/**
* Construct a viewer behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into the
* given transform group.
*
* @param transformGroup
* The transform group to be modified by the behavior.
*/
public ViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup) {
super();
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Construct a viewer behavior that listens to mouse movement and button
* presses to generate rotation and translation transforms written into the
* given transform group.
*
* @param transformGroup
* The transform group to be modified by the behavior.
* @param parent
* The AWT Component that contains the area generating mouse
* events.
*/
public ViewerBehavior(TransformGroup transformGroup, Component parent) {
super();
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
parentComponent = parent;
}
/**
* Set the transform group modified by the viewer behavior. Setting the
* transform group to null disables the behavior until the transform group
* is again set to an existing group.
*
* @param transformGroup
* The new transform group to be modified by the behavior.
*/
public void setTransformGroup(TransformGroup transformGroup) {
subjectTransformGroup = transformGroup;
}
/**
* Get the transform group modified by the viewer behavior.
*/
public TransformGroup getTransformGroup() {
return subjectTransformGroup;
}
/**
* Sets the parent component who"s cursor will be changed during mouse
* drags. If no component is given is given to the constructor, or set via
* this method, no cursor changes will be done.
*
* @param parent
* the AWT Component, such as a Frame, within which cursor
* changes should take place during mouse drags
*/
public void setParentComponent(Component parent) {
parentComponent = parent;
}
/*
* Gets the parent frame within which the cursor changes during mouse drags.
*
* @return the AWT Component, such as a Frame, within which cursor changes
* should take place during mouse drags. Returns null if no parent is set.
*/
public Component getParentComponent() {
return parentComponent;
}
/**
* Initialize the behavior.
*/
public void initialize() {
// Wakeup when the mouse is dragged or when a mouse button
// is pressed or released.
mouseEvents = new WakeupCriterion[3];
mouseEvents[0] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED);
mouseEvents[1] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED);
mouseEvents[2] = new WakeupOnAWTEvent(MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED);
mouseCriterion = new WakeupOr(mouseEvents);
wakeupOn(mouseCriterion);
}
/**
* Process a new wakeup. Interpret mouse button presses, releases, and mouse
* drags.
*
* @param criteria
* The wakeup criteria causing the behavior wakeup.
*/
public void processStimulus(Enumeration criteria) {
WakeupCriterion wakeup = null;
AWTEvent[] event = null;
int whichButton = BUTTONNONE;
// Process all pending wakeups
while (criteria.hasMoreElements()) {
wakeup = (WakeupCriterion) criteria.nextElement();
if (wakeup instanceof WakeupOnAWTEvent) {
event = ((WakeupOnAWTEvent) wakeup).getAWTEvent();
// Process all pending events
for (int i = 0; i < event.length; i++) {
if (event[i].getID() != MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED
&& event[i].getID() != MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED
&& event[i].getID() != MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED)
// Ignore uninteresting mouse events
continue;
//
// Regretably, Java event handling (or perhaps
// underlying OS event handling) doesn"t always
// catch button bounces (redundant presses and
// releases), or order events so that the last
// drag event is delivered before a release.
// This means we can get stray events that we
// filter out here.
//
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED
&& buttonPressed != BUTTONNONE)
// Ignore additional button presses until a release
continue;
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED
&& buttonPressed == BUTTONNONE)
// Ignore additional button releases until a press
continue;
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_DRAGGED
&& buttonPressed == BUTTONNONE)
// Ignore drags until a press
continue;
MouseEvent mev = (MouseEvent) event[i];
int modifiers = mev.getModifiers();
//
// Unfortunately, the underlying event handling
// doesn"t do a "grab" operation when a mouse button
// is pressed. This means that once a button is
// pressed, if another mouse button or a keyboard
// modifier key is pressed, the delivered mouse event
// will show that a different button is being held
// down. For instance:
//
// Action Event
// Button 1 press Button 1 press
// Drag with button 1 down Button 1 drag
// ALT press -
// Drag with ALT & button 1 down Button 2 drag
// Button 1 release Button 2 release
//
// The upshot is that we can get a button press
// without a matching release, and the button
// associated with a drag can change mid-drag.
//
// To fix this, we watch for an initial button
// press, and thenceforth consider that button
// to be the one held down, even if additional
// buttons get pressed, and despite what is
// reported in the event. Only when a button is
// released, do we end such a grab.
//
if (buttonPressed == BUTTONNONE) {
// No button is pressed yet, figure out which
// button is down now and how to direct events
if (((modifiers & InputEvent.BUTTON3_MASK) != 0)
|| (((modifiers & InputEvent.BUTTON1_MASK) != 0) && ((modifiers & InputEvent.CTRL_MASK) == InputEvent.CTRL_MASK))) {
// Button 3 activity (META or CTRL down)
whichButton = BUTTON3;
} else if ((modifiers & InputEvent.BUTTON2_MASK) != 0) {
// Button 2 activity (ALT down)
whichButton = BUTTON2;
} else {
// Button 1 activity (no modifiers down)
whichButton = BUTTON1;
}
// If the event is to press a button, then
// record that that button is now down
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_PRESSED)
buttonPressed = whichButton;
} else {
// Otherwise a button was pressed earlier and
// hasn"t been released yet. Assign all further
// events to it, even if ALT, META, CTRL, or
// another button has been pressed as well.
whichButton = buttonPressed;
}
// Distribute the event
switch (whichButton) {
case BUTTON1:
onButton1(mev);
break;
case BUTTON2:
onButton2(mev);
break;
case BUTTON3:
onButton3(mev);
break;
default:
break;
}
// If the event is to release a button, then
// record that that button is now up
if (event[i].getID() == MouseEvent.MOUSE_RELEASED)
buttonPressed = BUTTONNONE;
}
continue;
}
if (wakeup instanceof WakeupOnElapsedFrames) {
onElapsedFrames((WakeupOnElapsedFrames) wakeup);
continue;
}
}
// Reschedule us for another wakeup
wakeupOn(mouseCriterion);
}
/**
* Default X and Y rotation factors, and XYZ translation factors.
*/
public static final double DEFAULT_XROTATION_FACTOR = 0.02;
public static final double DEFAULT_YROTATION_FACTOR = 0.005;
public static final double DEFAULT_XTRANSLATION_FACTOR = 0.02;
public static final double DEFAULT_YTRANSLATION_FACTOR = 0.02;
public static final double DEFAULT_ZTRANSLATION_FACTOR = 0.04;
protected double XRotationFactor = DEFAULT_XROTATION_FACTOR;
protected double YRotationFactor = DEFAULT_YROTATION_FACTOR;
protected double XTranslationFactor = DEFAULT_XTRANSLATION_FACTOR;
protected double YTranslationFactor = DEFAULT_YTRANSLATION_FACTOR;
protected double ZTranslationFactor = DEFAULT_ZTRANSLATION_FACTOR;
/**
* Set the X rotation scaling factor for X-axis rotations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setXRotationFactor(double factor) {
XRotationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current X rotation scaling factor for X-axis rotations.
*/
public double getXRotationFactor() {
return XRotationFactor;
}
/**
* Set the Y rotation scaling factor for Y-axis rotations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setYRotationFactor(double factor) {
YRotationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current Y rotation scaling factor for Y-axis rotations.
*/
public double getYRotationFactor() {
return YRotationFactor;
}
/**
* Set the X translation scaling factor for X-axis translations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setXTranslationFactor(double factor) {
XTranslationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current X translation scaling factor for X-axis translations.
*/
public double getXTranslationFactor() {
return XTranslationFactor;
}
/**
* Set the Y translation scaling factor for Y-axis translations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setYTranslationFactor(double factor) {
YTranslationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current Y translation scaling factor for Y-axis translations.
*/
public double getYTranslationFactor() {
return YTranslationFactor;
}
/**
* Set the Z translation scaling factor for Z-axis translations.
*
* @param factor
* The new scaling factor.
*/
public void setZTranslationFactor(double factor) {
ZTranslationFactor = factor;
}
/**
* Get the current Z translation scaling factor for Z-axis translations.
*/
public double getZTranslationFactor() {
return ZTranslationFactor;
}
/**
* Respond to a button1 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public abstract void onButton1(MouseEvent mouseEvent);
/**
* Respond to a button2 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public abstract void onButton2(MouseEvent mouseEvent);
/**
* Responed to a button3 event (press, release, or drag).
*
* @param mouseEvent
* A MouseEvent to respond to.
*/
public abstract void onButton3(MouseEvent mouseEvent);
/**
* Respond to an elapsed frames event (assuming subclass has set up a wakeup
* criterion for it).
*
* @param time
* A WakeupOnElapsedFrames criterion to respond to.
*/
public abstract void onElapsedFrames(WakeupOnElapsedFrames timeEvent);
} // //CLASS //NameValue - create a handy name-value pair // //DESCRIPTION //It is frequently handy to have one or more name-value pairs //with which to store named colors, named positions, named textures, //and so forth. Several of the examples use this class. // //AUTHOR //David R. Nadeau / San Diego Supercomputer Center // class NameValue {
public String name;
public Object value;
public NameValue(String n, Object v) {
name = n;
value = v;
}
}
</source>
Geometry By Reference
<source lang="java">
/*
* @(#)GeometryByReferenceTest.java 1.12 02/10/21 13:41:27 * * Copyright (c) 1996-2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * - Redistribution in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation * and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * * Neither the name of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or the names of contributors may * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without * specific prior written permission. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR * NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING * OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS * LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, * INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER * CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY * OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * You acknowledge that Software is not designed,licensed or intended for use in * the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility. */
import java.awt.Container; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.ColoringAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Geometry; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryUpdater; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedGeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedTriangleArray; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedTriangleStripArray; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.RenderingAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.TransparencyAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.TriangleArray; import javax.media.j3d.TriangleStripArray; import javax.swing.BoxLayout; import javax.swing.JApplet; import javax.swing.JCheckBox; import javax.swing.JComboBox; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.vp.OrbitBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.ViewingPlatform; public class GeometryByReferenceTest extends JApplet implements ActionListener,
GeometryUpdater {
RenderingAttributes ra;
ColoringAttributes ca;
Material mat;
Appearance app;
JComboBox geomType;
JComboBox vertexType;
JComboBox colorType;
JCheckBox transparency;
JComboBox updates;
Shape3D shape;
TransparencyAttributes transp;
int updateIndex = 0;
int colorCount = 0, vertexCount = 0;
int vertexIndex = 0, colorIndex = 0;
GeometryArray tetraRegular, tetraStrip, tetraIndexed, tetraIndexedStrip;
GeometryArray[] geoArrays = new GeometryArray[4];
private static final float sqrt3 = (float) Math.sqrt(3.0);
private static final float sqrt3_3 = sqrt3 / 3.0f;
private static final float sqrt24_3 = (float) Math.sqrt(24.0) / 3.0f;
private static final float ycenter = 0.5f * sqrt24_3;
private static final float zcenter = -sqrt3_3;
private static final Point3f p1 = new Point3f(-1.0f, -ycenter, -zcenter);
private static final Point3f p2 = new Point3f(1.0f, -ycenter, -zcenter);
private static final Point3f p3 = new Point3f(0.0f, -ycenter, -sqrt3
- zcenter);
private static final Point3f p4 = new Point3f(0.0f, sqrt24_3 - ycenter,
0.0f);
private static final float[] floatVerts = { p1.x, p1.y, p1.z, // front face
p2.x, p2.y, p2.z, p4.x, p4.y, p4.z,
p1.x, p1.y, p1.z,// left, back face
p4.x, p4.y, p4.z, p3.x, p3.y, p3.z,
p2.x, p2.y, p2.z,// right, back face
p3.x, p3.y, p3.z, p4.x, p4.y, p4.z,
p1.x, p1.y, p1.z,// bottom face
p3.x, p3.y, p3.z, p2.x, p2.y, p2.z, };
private static final Color3f c1 = new Color3f(0.6f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
private static final Color3f c2 = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.6f, 0.0f);
private static final Color3f c3 = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.6f, 0.6f);
private static final Color3f c4 = new Color3f(0.6f, 0.6f, 0.0f);
private static final float[] floatClrs = { c1.x, c1.y, c1.z, // front face
c2.x, c2.y, c2.z, c4.x, c4.y, c4.z,
c1.x, c1.y, c1.z,// left, back face
c4.x, c4.y, c4.z, c3.x, c3.y, c3.z,
c2.x, c2.y, c2.z,// right, back face
c3.x, c3.y, c3.z, c4.x, c4.y, c4.z,
c1.x, c1.y, c1.z,// bottom face
c3.x, c3.y, c3.z, c2.x, c2.y, c2.z, };
private static final float[] indexedFloatVerts = { p1.x, p1.y, p1.z, p2.x,
p2.y, p2.z, p3.x, p3.y, p3.z, p4.x, p4.y, p4.z,
};
private static final float[] indexedFloatClrs = { c1.x, c1.y, c1.z, c2.x,
c2.y, c2.z, c3.x, c3.y, c3.z, c4.x, c4.y, c4.z, };
private static final Point3f[] p3fVerts = { p1, p2, p4, p1, p4, p3, p2, p3,
p4, p1, p3, p2 };
private static final Point3f[] indexedP3fVerts = { p1, p2, p3, p4 };
private static final Color3f[] c3fClrs = { c1, c2, c4, c1, c4, c3, c2, c3,
c4, c1, c3, c2 };
private static final Color3f[] indexedC3fClrs = { c1, c2, c3, c4 };
private static final int[] indices = { 0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 0, 2, 1 };
private int[] stripVertexCounts = { 3, 3, 3, 3 };
private SimpleUniverse u;
BranchGroup createSceneGraph() {
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Set up attributes to render lines
app = new Appearance();
transp = new TransparencyAttributes();
transp.setTransparency(0.5f);
transp.setCapability(TransparencyAttributes.ALLOW_MODE_WRITE);
transp.setTransparencyMode(TransparencyAttributes.NONE);
app.setTransparencyAttributes(transp);
tetraRegular = createGeometry(1);
tetraStrip = createGeometry(2);
tetraIndexed = createGeometry(3);
tetraIndexedStrip = createGeometry(4);
geoArrays[0] = tetraRegular;
geoArrays[1] = tetraStrip;
geoArrays[2] = tetraIndexed;
geoArrays[3] = tetraIndexedStrip;
shape = new Shape3D(tetraRegular, app);
shape.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_GEOMETRY_WRITE);
shape.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_GEOMETRY_READ);
Transform3D t = new Transform3D();
// move the object upwards
t.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.3f, 0.0f));
// rotate the shape
Transform3D temp = new Transform3D();
temp.rotX(Math.PI / 4.0d);
t.mul(temp);
temp.rotY(Math.PI / 4.0d);
t.mul(temp);
// Shrink the object
t.setScale(0.6);
TransformGroup trans = new TransformGroup(t);
trans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
trans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
objRoot.addChild(trans);
trans.addChild(shape);
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
// Set up the global lights
Color3f lColor1 = new Color3f(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f);
Vector3f lDir1 = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Color3f alColor = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
AmbientLight aLgt = new AmbientLight(alColor);
aLgt.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
DirectionalLight lgt1 = new DirectionalLight(lColor1, lDir1);
lgt1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(aLgt);
objRoot.addChild(lgt1);
// Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph.
objRoot.rupile();
return objRoot;
}
JPanel createGeometryByReferencePanel() {
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.setBorder(new TitledBorder("Geometry Type"));
String values[] = { "Array", "Strip", "Indexed", "IndexedStrip" };
geomType = new JComboBox(values);
geomType.setLightWeightPopupEnabled(false);
geomType.addActionListener(this);
geomType.setSelectedIndex(0);
panel.add(new JLabel("Geometry Type"));
panel.add(geomType);
String vertex_types[] = { "Float", "P3F" };
vertexType = new JComboBox(vertex_types);
vertexType.setLightWeightPopupEnabled(false);
vertexType.addActionListener(this);
vertexType.setSelectedIndex(0);
panel.add(new JLabel("VertexType"));
panel.add(vertexType);
String color_types[] = { "Float", "C3F" };
colorType = new JComboBox(color_types);
colorType.setLightWeightPopupEnabled(false);
colorType.addActionListener(this);
colorType.setSelectedIndex(0);
panel.add(new JLabel("ColorType"));
panel.add(colorType);
return panel;
}
JPanel createUpdatePanel() {
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.setBorder(new TitledBorder("Other Attributes"));
String updateComp[] = { "None", "Geometry", "Color" };
transparency = new JCheckBox("EnableTransparency", false);
transparency.addActionListener(this);
panel.add(transparency);
updates = new JComboBox(updateComp);
updates.setLightWeightPopupEnabled(false);
updates.addActionListener(this);
updates.setSelectedIndex(0);
panel.add(new JLabel("UpdateData"));
panel.add(updates);
return panel;
}
public GeometryByReferenceTest() {
}
public void init() {
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration());
contentPane.add("Center", c);
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph();
// SimpleUniverse is a Convenience Utility class
u = new SimpleUniverse(c);
// add mouse behaviors to the viewingPlatform
ViewingPlatform viewingPlatform = u.getViewingPlatform();
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
viewingPlatform.setNominalViewingTransform();
u.addBranchGraph(scene);
// add Orbit behavior to the ViewingPlatform
OrbitBehavior orbit = new OrbitBehavior(c, OrbitBehavior.REVERSE_ALL);
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
orbit.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
viewingPlatform.setViewPlatformBehavior(orbit);
// Create GUI
JPanel p = new JPanel();
BoxLayout boxlayout = new BoxLayout(p, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS);
p.add(createGeometryByReferencePanel());
p.add(createUpdatePanel());
p.setLayout(boxlayout);
contentPane.add("South", p);
}
public void destroy() {
u.cleanup();
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Object target = e.getSource();
GeometryArray geo;
boolean setColor = false, setVertex = false;
if (target == geomType) {
geo = geoArrays[geomType.getSelectedIndex()];
// Set everything to null, and set it later ..
geo.setColorRefFloat(null);
geo.setColorRef3f(null);
geo.setCoordRefFloat(null);
geo.setCoordRef3f(null);
shape.setGeometry(geoArrays[geomType.getSelectedIndex()]);
setColor = true;
setVertex = true;
} else if (target == transparency) {
if (transparency.isSelected()) {
transp.setTransparencyMode(TransparencyAttributes.BLENDED);
} else {
transp.setTransparencyMode(TransparencyAttributes.NONE);
}
} else if (target == updates) {
updateIndex = updates.getSelectedIndex();
if (updateIndex == 1) {
System.out.println("Doing coordinate update");
((GeometryArray) (shape.getGeometry())).updateData(this);
} else if (updateIndex == 2) {
System.out.println("Doing color update");
((GeometryArray) (shape.getGeometry())).updateData(this);
}
} else if (target == vertexType) {
geo = ((GeometryArray) shape.getGeometry());
if (vertexIndex == 0) {
geo.setCoordRefFloat(null);
} else if (vertexIndex == 1) {
geo.setCoordRef3f(null);
}
vertexIndex = vertexType.getSelectedIndex();
setVertex = true;
} else if (target == colorType) {
geo = (GeometryArray) shape.getGeometry();
if (colorIndex == 0) {
geo.setColorRefFloat(null);
} else if (colorIndex == 1) {
geo.setColorRef3f(null);
}
colorIndex = colorType.getSelectedIndex();
setColor = true;
}
if (setVertex) {
geo = (GeometryArray) shape.getGeometry();
if (vertexIndex == 0) {
if (geo instanceof IndexedGeometryArray)
geo.setCoordRefFloat(indexedFloatVerts);
else
geo.setCoordRefFloat(floatVerts);
} else if (vertexIndex == 1) {
if (geo instanceof IndexedGeometryArray)
geo.setCoordRef3f(indexedP3fVerts);
else
geo.setCoordRef3f(p3fVerts);
}
}
if (setColor) {
geo = (GeometryArray) shape.getGeometry();
if (colorIndex == 0) {
if (geo instanceof IndexedGeometryArray)
geo.setColorRefFloat(indexedFloatClrs);
else
geo.setColorRefFloat(floatClrs);
} else if (colorIndex == 1) {
if (geo instanceof IndexedGeometryArray)
geo.setColorRef3f(indexedC3fClrs);
else
geo.setColorRef3f(c3fClrs);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new MainFrame(new GeometryByReferenceTest(), 800, 800);
}
public GeometryArray createGeometry(int type) {
GeometryArray tetra = null;
if (type == 1) {
tetra = new TriangleArray(12, TriangleArray.COORDINATES
| TriangleArray.COLOR_3 | TriangleArray.BY_REFERENCE);
tetra.setCoordRefFloat(floatVerts);
tetra.setColorRefFloat(floatClrs);
} else if (type == 2) {
tetra = new TriangleStripArray(12, TriangleStripArray.COORDINATES
| TriangleStripArray.COLOR_3
| TriangleStripArray.BY_REFERENCE, stripVertexCounts);
tetra.setCoordRefFloat(floatVerts);
tetra.setColorRefFloat(floatClrs);
} else if (type == 3) { // Indexed Geometry
tetra = new IndexedTriangleArray(4,
IndexedTriangleArray.COORDINATES
| IndexedTriangleArray.COLOR_3
| IndexedTriangleArray.BY_REFERENCE, 12);
tetra.setCoordRefFloat(indexedFloatVerts);
tetra.setColorRefFloat(indexedFloatClrs);
((IndexedTriangleArray) tetra).setCoordinateIndices(0, indices);
((IndexedTriangleArray) tetra).setColorIndices(0, indices);
} else if (type == 4) { // Indexed strip geometry
tetra = new IndexedTriangleStripArray(4,
IndexedTriangleStripArray.COORDINATES
| IndexedTriangleStripArray.COLOR_3
| IndexedTriangleStripArray.BY_REFERENCE, 12,
stripVertexCounts);
tetra.setCoordRefFloat(indexedFloatVerts);
tetra.setColorRefFloat(indexedFloatClrs);
((IndexedTriangleStripArray) tetra)
.setCoordinateIndices(0, indices);
((IndexedTriangleStripArray) tetra).setColorIndices(0, indices);
}
if (tetra != null)
tetra.setCapability(GeometryArray.ALLOW_REF_DATA_WRITE);
return tetra;
}
public void updateData(Geometry geometry) {
int i;
float val;
if (updateIndex == 1) { // geometry
// Translate the geometry by a small amount in x
vertexCount++;
if ((vertexCount & 1) == 1)
val = 0.2f;
else
val = -0.2f;
if (vertexIndex == 0) {
// Do Indexed geometry
for (i = 0; i < indexedFloatVerts.length; i += 3) {
indexedFloatVerts[i] += val;
}
// Do non-indexed float geometry
for (i = 0; i < floatVerts.length; i += 3) {
floatVerts[i] += val;
}
} else {
// If p3f do each point only once
for (i = 0; i < indexedP3fVerts.length; i++) {
indexedP3fVerts[i].x += val;
}
}
} else if (updateIndex == 2) { // colors
colorCount++;
if ((colorCount & 1) == 1)
val = 0.4f;
else
val = -0.4f;
if (colorIndex == 0) {
// Do Indexed geometry
for (i = 0; i < indexedFloatClrs.length; i += 3) {
indexedFloatClrs[i] += val;
}
// Do non-indexed float geometry
for (i = 0; i < floatClrs.length; i += 3) {
floatClrs[i] += val;
}
} else {
// If c3f do each point only once
for (i = 0; i < indexedC3fClrs.length; i++) {
indexedC3fClrs[i].x += val;
}
}
}
}
}
</source>
Gouraud
<source lang="java">
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.IncorrectFormatException; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.ParsingErrorException; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.Scene; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.objectfile.ObjectFile; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; /**
* !Diese Klasse wurde fur das Laden uber ein JAR-Archiv oder Applet welches ein * JAR - Archiv nutzt angepasst Um das Programm als einfache Applikation uber * einen class-File laufen zu lassen bitte auf den Code zum Einladen der OBJ * Datei im Tutorial zuruckgreifen! */
public class Gouraud extends Applet {
/**
* init Methoden fur die Darstellung als Applet Es muss also kein extra
* Konstruktor definert werden
*/
public void init() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration();
canvas3D = new Canvas3D(config);
add("Center", canvas3D);
BranchGroup szene = macheSzene();
szene.rupile();
universe = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
universe.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
universe.addBranchGraph(szene);
}
/**
* Erstellt den Szenegraphen
*
* @return BranchGroup
*/
public BranchGroup macheSzene() {
BranchGroup objWurzel = new BranchGroup();
// Transformation, 2 Rotationen:
Transform3D drehung = new Transform3D();
Transform3D drehung2 = new Transform3D();
drehung.rotX(Math.PI / 4.0d);
drehung2.rotY(Math.PI / 5.0d);
drehung.mul(drehung2);
TransformGroup objDreh = new TransformGroup(drehung);
//Loader
ObjectFile file = new ObjectFile(ObjectFile.RESIZE);
Scene scene = null;
try {
// Laden der Obj Datei mittels jar
scene = file.load(ClassLoader.getSystemResource("teapot.obj"));
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
}
objDreh.addChild(scene.getSceneGroup());
DirectionalLight d_Licht = new DirectionalLight(new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f,
1.0f), new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f));
d_Licht.setInfluencingBounds(new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0d, 0.0d,
0.0d), 100.0d));
objDreh.addChild(d_Licht);
objWurzel.addChild(objDreh);
return objWurzel;
}
/**
* gibt speicher frei
*/
public void destroy() {
universe.removeAllLocales();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
frame = new MainFrame(new Gouraud(), 500, 500);
frame.setTitle("Gouraud");
}
//---- Attribute -----------------------
private SimpleUniverse universe;
private Canvas3D canvas3D;
private static Frame frame;
}
//File: minimart3.mtl /* newmtl 0_4 Kd 0.8 0.1 0.1 illum 1
- /
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- /
</source>
Java 3D Box and a custom Cuboid implementation
<source lang="java">
/**********************************************************
Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and published by Manning Publications. http://manning.ru/selman This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site. **************************************************************/
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.GraphicsConfigTemplate; import java.awt.GraphicsDevice; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.io.File; import java.net.URL; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.AudioDevice; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.Bounds; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.Geometry; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.GraphicsConfigTemplate3D; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Node; import javax.media.j3d.NodeComponent; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.PolygonAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.QuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.TriangleArray; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point2f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.TexCoord2f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.audioengines.javasound.JavaSoundMixer; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Box; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Primitive; /**
* Creates a scene using the Java 3D Box and a custom Cuboid implementation that * uses Quads for sides instead of TriArrays */
public class CuboidTest extends Java3dApplet implements ActionListener {
private static int m_kWidth = 400;
private static int m_kHeight = 400;
public CuboidTest() {
initJava3d();
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
}
protected Background createBackground() {
return null;
}
protected double getScale() {
return 0.1;
}
protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() {
BranchGroup objRoot = super.createSceneBranchGroup();
TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup();
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
Transform3D yAxis = new Transform3D();
Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE, 0, 0,
4000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha,
objTrans, yAxis, 0.0f, (float) Math.PI * 2.0f);
rotator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objTrans.addChild(rotator);
// create an appearance
Appearance ap = new Appearance();
// render as a wireframe
PolygonAttributes polyAttrbutes = new PolygonAttributes();
polyAttrbutes.setPolygonMode(PolygonAttributes.POLYGON_LINE);
polyAttrbutes.setCullFace(PolygonAttributes.CULL_NONE);
ap.setPolygonAttributes(polyAttrbutes);
objTrans.addChild(new Cuboid(50, 30, 20, ap));
objTrans.addChild(new Box(25, 15, 10, ap));
objRoot.addChild(objTrans);
return objRoot;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CuboidTest cuboidTest = new CuboidTest();
cuboidTest.saveCommandLineArguments(args);
new MainFrame(cuboidTest, m_kWidth, m_kHeight);
}
} //Based on Sun"s GeomBuffer.java 1.12 98/07/08 11:30:12 //This version actually returns Quadstrips for a Quadstrip array //unlike the newer version that returns TriangleStrips.... /**
* OldGeomBuffer allows OpenGL-like input of geometry data. It outputs Java 3D * geometry array objects. This utility is to simplify porting of OpenGL * programs to Java 3D. * <p> * Here is a sample code that use this utility to create some quads. * <P>*
Notice, that you only need to specify some upperbound on the*
** * * OldGeomBuffer gbuf = new OldGeomBuffer(100); * gbuf.begin(OldGeomBuffer.QUADS); * * for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { * gbuf.normal3d(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); * gbuf.vertex3d(1.0, 1.0, 0.0); * * gbuf.normal3d(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); * gbuf.vertex3d(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); * * gbuf.normal3d(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); * gbuf.vertex3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); * * gbuf.normal3d(0.0, 1.0, 0.0); * gbuf.vertex3d(1.0, 0.0, 0.0); * } * gbuf.end(); * Shape3D shape = new Shape3D(gbuf.getGeom(OldGeomBuffer.GENERATE_NORMALS)); **
*
* number of points you"ll use at the beginning (100 in this case). * <p> * Currently, you are limited to one primitive type per geom buffer. Future * versions will add support for mixed primitive types. * */
class OldGeomBuffer extends Object {
//Supported Primitives
static final int QUAD_STRIP = 0x01;
static final int TRIANGLES = 0x02;
static final int QUADS = 0x04;
private int flags;
static final int GENERATE_NORMALS = 0x01;
static final int GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS = 0x02;
Point3f[] pts = null;
Vector3f[] normals = null;
Point2f[] tcoords = null;
int currVertCnt;
int currPrimCnt;
int[] currPrimType = null, currPrimStartVertex = null,
currPrimEndVertex = null;
GeometryArray geometry;
int numVerts = 0;
int numTris = 0;
static final int debug = 0;
/**
* Creates a geometry buffer of given number of vertices
*
* @param numVerts
* total number of vertices to allocate by this buffer. This is
* an upper bound estimate.
*/
OldGeomBuffer(int numVerts) {
pts = new Point3f[numVerts];
normals = new Vector3f[numVerts];
tcoords = new Point2f[numVerts];
// max primitives is numV/3
currPrimType = new int[numVerts / 3];
currPrimStartVertex = new int[numVerts / 3];
currPrimEndVertex = new int[numVerts / 3];
currVertCnt = 0;
currPrimCnt = 0;
}
/*
* Returns a Java 3D geometry array from the geometry buffer. You need to
* call begin, vertex3d, end, etc. before calling this, of course.
*
* @param format vertex format.
*/
GeometryArray getGeom(int format) {
GeometryArray obj;
flags = format;
numTris = 0;
//Switch based on first primitive.
switch (currPrimType[0]) {
case TRIANGLES:
obj = processTriangles();
obj.setCapability(Geometry.ALLOW_INTERSECT);
return obj;
case QUADS:
obj = processQuads();
obj.setCapability(Geometry.ALLOW_INTERSECT);
return obj;
case QUAD_STRIP:
obj = processQuadStrips();
obj.setCapability(Geometry.ALLOW_INTERSECT);
return obj;
}
return null;
}
/**
* Begins a new primitive given the primitive type.
*
* @param prim
* the primitive type (listed above).
*
*/
void begin(int prim) {
if (debug >= 1)
System.out.println("quad");
currPrimType[currPrimCnt] = prim;
currPrimStartVertex[currPrimCnt] = currVertCnt;
}
/**
* End of primitive.
*
*
*/
void end() {
if (debug >= 1)
System.out.println("end");
currPrimEndVertex[currPrimCnt] = currVertCnt;
currPrimCnt++;
}
void vertex3d(double x, double y, double z) {
if (debug >= 2)
System.out.println("v " + x + " " + y + " " + z);
pts[currVertCnt] = new Point3f();
pts[currVertCnt].x = (float) x;
pts[currVertCnt].y = (float) y;
pts[currVertCnt].z = (float) z;
currVertCnt++;
}
void normal3d(double x, double y, double z) {
if (debug >= 2)
System.out.println("n " + x + " " + y + " " + z);
double sum = x * x + y * y + z * z;
if (Math.abs(sum - 1.0) > 0.001) {
if (debug >= 2)
System.out.println("normalizing");
double root = Math.sqrt(sum) + 0.0000001;
x /= root;
y /= root;
z /= root;
}
normals[currVertCnt] = new Vector3f();
normals[currVertCnt].x = (float) x;
normals[currVertCnt].y = (float) y;
normals[currVertCnt].z = (float) z;
}
void texCoord2d(double s, double t) {
if (debug >= 2)
System.out.println("t " + s + " " + t);
tcoords[currVertCnt] = new Point2f();
tcoords[currVertCnt].x = (float) s;
tcoords[currVertCnt].y = (float) t;
}
/**
* Returns the Java 3D geometry gotten from calling getGeom.
*
*/
GeometryArray getComputedGeometry() {
return geometry;
}
int getNumTris() {
return numTris;
}
int getNumVerts() {
return numVerts;
}
private GeometryArray processQuadStrips() {
GeometryArray obj = null;
int i;
int totalVerts = 0;
for (i = 0; i < currPrimCnt; i++) {
int numQuadStripVerts;
numQuadStripVerts = currPrimEndVertex[i] - currPrimStartVertex[i];
totalVerts += (numQuadStripVerts / 2 - 1) * 4;
}
if (debug >= 1)
System.out.println("totalVerts " + totalVerts);
if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)) {
obj = new QuadArray(totalVerts, QuadArray.COORDINATES
| QuadArray.NORMALS | QuadArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2);
} else if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) == 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)) {
obj = new QuadArray(totalVerts, QuadArray.COORDINATES
| QuadArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2);
} else if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) == 0)) {
obj = new QuadArray(totalVerts, QuadArray.COORDINATES
| QuadArray.NORMALS);
} else {
obj = new QuadArray(totalVerts, QuadArray.COORDINATES);
}
Point3f[] newpts = new Point3f[totalVerts];
Vector3f[] newnormals = new Vector3f[totalVerts];
TexCoord2f[] newtcoords = new TexCoord2f[totalVerts];
int currVert = 0;
for (i = 0; i < currPrimCnt; i++) {
for (int j = currPrimStartVertex[i] + 2; j < currPrimEndVertex[i]; j += 2) {
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j - 2);
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j - 1);
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j + 1);
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j);
numTris += 2;
}
}
numVerts = currVert;
obj.setCoordinates(0, newpts);
if ((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
obj.setNormals(0, newnormals);
if ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)
obj.setTextureCoordinates(0, 0, newtcoords);
geometry = obj;
return obj;
}
private GeometryArray processQuads() {
GeometryArray obj = null;
int i;
int totalVerts = 0;
for (i = 0; i < currPrimCnt; i++) {
totalVerts += currPrimEndVertex[i] - currPrimStartVertex[i];
}
if (debug >= 1)
System.out.println("totalVerts " + totalVerts);
if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)) {
obj = new QuadArray(totalVerts, QuadArray.COORDINATES
| QuadArray.NORMALS | QuadArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2);
} else if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) == 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)) {
obj = new QuadArray(totalVerts, QuadArray.COORDINATES
| QuadArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2);
} else if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) == 0)) {
obj = new QuadArray(totalVerts, QuadArray.COORDINATES
| QuadArray.NORMALS);
} else {
obj = new QuadArray(totalVerts, QuadArray.COORDINATES);
}
Point3f[] newpts = new Point3f[totalVerts];
Vector3f[] newnormals = new Vector3f[totalVerts];
TexCoord2f[] newtcoords = new TexCoord2f[totalVerts];
int currVert = 0;
if (debug > 1)
System.out.println("total prims " + currPrimCnt);
for (i = 0; i < currPrimCnt; i++) {
if (debug > 1)
System.out.println("start " + currPrimStartVertex[i] + " end "
+ currPrimEndVertex[i]);
for (int j = currPrimStartVertex[i]; j < currPrimEndVertex[i] - 3; j += 4) {
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j);
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j + 1);
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j + 2);
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j + 3);
numTris += 2;
}
}
numVerts = currVert;
obj.setCoordinates(0, newpts);
if ((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
obj.setNormals(0, newnormals);
if ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)
obj.setTextureCoordinates(0, 0, newtcoords);
geometry = obj;
return obj;
}
private GeometryArray processTriangles() {
GeometryArray obj = null;
int i;
int totalVerts = 0;
for (i = 0; i < currPrimCnt; i++) {
totalVerts += currPrimEndVertex[i] - currPrimStartVertex[i];
}
if (debug >= 1)
System.out.println("totalVerts " + totalVerts);
if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)) {
obj = new TriangleArray(totalVerts, TriangleArray.COORDINATES
| TriangleArray.NORMALS
| TriangleArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2);
} else if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) == 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)) {
obj = new TriangleArray(totalVerts, TriangleArray.COORDINATES
| TriangleArray.TEXTURE_COORDINATE_2);
} else if (((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
&& ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) == 0)) {
obj = new TriangleArray(totalVerts, TriangleArray.COORDINATES
| TriangleArray.NORMALS);
} else {
obj = new TriangleArray(totalVerts, TriangleArray.COORDINATES);
}
Point3f[] newpts = new Point3f[totalVerts];
Vector3f[] newnormals = new Vector3f[totalVerts];
TexCoord2f[] newtcoords = new TexCoord2f[totalVerts];
int currVert = 0;
for (i = 0; i < currPrimCnt; i++) {
for (int j = currPrimStartVertex[i]; j < currPrimEndVertex[i] - 2; j += 3) {
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j);
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j + 1);
outVertex(newpts, newnormals, newtcoords, currVert++, pts,
normals, tcoords, j + 2);
numTris += 1;
}
}
numVerts = currVert;
obj.setCoordinates(0, newpts);
if ((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0)
obj.setNormals(0, newnormals);
if ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0)
obj.setTextureCoordinates(0, 0, newtcoords);
geometry = obj;
return obj;
}
void outVertex(Point3f[] dpts, Vector3f[] dnormals, TexCoord2f[] dtcoords,
int dloc, Point3f[] spts, Vector3f[] snormals, Point2f[] stcoords,
int sloc) {
if (debug >= 1)
System.out.println("v " + spts[sloc].x + " " + spts[sloc].y + " "
+ spts[sloc].z);
dpts[dloc] = new Point3f();
dpts[dloc].x = spts[sloc].x;
dpts[dloc].y = spts[sloc].y;
dpts[dloc].z = spts[sloc].z;
if ((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS) != 0) {
dnormals[dloc] = new Vector3f();
dnormals[dloc].x = snormals[sloc].x;
dnormals[dloc].y = snormals[sloc].y;
dnormals[dloc].z = snormals[sloc].z;
}
if ((flags & GENERATE_TEXTURE_COORDS) != 0) {
if (debug >= 2)
System.out.println("final out tcoord");
dtcoords[dloc] = new TexCoord2f();
dtcoords[dloc].x = stcoords[sloc].x;
dtcoords[dloc].y = stcoords[sloc].y;
}
}
} //Based on Sun"s Box.java 1.13 98/11/23 10:23:02 //Work around for the Box bug when rendered in Wireframe mode. /**
* Cuboid is a geometry primitive created with a given length, width, and * height. It is centered at the origin. By default, it lies within the bounding * Cuboid, [-1,-1,-1] and [1,1,1]. * * When a texture is applied to a Cuboid, it is map CCW like on a Cylinder. A * texture is mapped CCW from the back of the body. The top and bottom faces are * mapped such that the texture appears front facing when the faces are rotated * 90 toward the viewer. */
class Cuboid extends Primitive {
protected int numTris = 0;
protected int numVerts = 0;
/**
* Primitive flags.
*/
protected int flags;
/**
* Used to designate the front side of the Cuboid when using getShape().
*
* @see Cuboid#getShape
*/
public static final int FRONT = 0;
/**
* Used to designate the back side of the Cuboid when using getShape().
*
* @see Cuboid#getShape
*/
public static final int BACK = 1;
/**
* Used to designate the right side of the Cuboid when using getShape().
*
* @see Cuboid#getShape
*/
public static final int RIGHT = 2;
/**
* Used to designate the left side of the Cuboid when using getShape().
*
* @see Cuboid#getShape
*/
public static final int LEFT = 3;
/**
* Used to designate the top side of the Cuboid when using getShape().
*
* @see Cuboid#getShape
*/
public static final int TOP = 4;
/**
* Used to designate the bottom side of the Cuboid when using getShape().
*
* @see Cuboid#getShape
*/
public static final int BOTTOM = 5;
float xDim, yDim, zDim;
/**
* Constructs a default Cuboid of 1.0 in all dimensions.
*/
public Cuboid() {
this(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, GENERATE_NORMALS, null);
}
public Appearance getAppearance(int index) {
return null;
}
/**
* Constructs a Cuboid of a given dimension and appearance.
*
* @param xdim
* X-dimension size.
* @param ydim
* Y-dimension size.
* @param zdim
* Z-dimension size.
* @param ap
* Appearance
*/
public Cuboid(float xdim, float ydim, float zdim, Appearance ap) {
this(xdim, ydim, zdim, GENERATE_NORMALS, ap);
}
/**
* Constructs a Cuboid of a given dimension, flags, and appearance.
*
* @param xdim
* X-dimension size.
* @param ydim
* Y-dimension size.
* @param zdim
* Z-dimension size.
* @param primflags
* primitive flags.
* @param ap
* Appearance
*/
public Cuboid(float xdim, float ydim, float zdim, int primflags,
Appearance ap) {
int i;
double sign;
xDim = xdim;
yDim = ydim;
zDim = zdim;
flags = primflags;
//Depending on whether normal inward bit is set.
if ((flags & GENERATE_NORMALS_INWARD) != 0)
sign = -1.0;
else
sign = 1.0;
TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup();
objTrans.setCapability(ALLOW_CHILDREN_READ);
this.addChild(objTrans);
Shape3D shape[] = new Shape3D[6];
for (i = FRONT; i <= BOTTOM; i++) {
OldGeomBuffer gbuf = new OldGeomBuffer(4);
gbuf.begin(OldGeomBuffer.QUAD_STRIP);
for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
gbuf.normal3d((double) normals[i].x * sign,
(double) normals[i].y * sign, (double) normals[i].z
* sign);
gbuf.texCoord2d(tcoords[i * 8 + j * 2], tcoords[i * 8 + j * 2
+ 1]);
gbuf.vertex3d((double) verts[i * 12 + j * 3] * xdim,
(double) verts[i * 12 + j * 3 + 1] * ydim,
(double) verts[i * 12 + j * 3 + 2] * zdim);
}
for (int j = 3; j > 1; j--) {
gbuf.normal3d((double) normals[i].x * sign,
(double) normals[i].y * sign, (double) normals[i].z
* sign);
gbuf.texCoord2d(tcoords[i * 8 + j * 2], tcoords[i * 8 + j * 2
+ 1]);
gbuf.vertex3d((double) verts[i * 12 + j * 3] * xdim,
(double) verts[i * 12 + j * 3 + 1] * ydim,
(double) verts[i * 12 + j * 3 + 2] * zdim);
}
gbuf.end();
shape[i] = new Shape3D(gbuf.getGeom(flags));
numVerts = gbuf.getNumVerts();
numTris = gbuf.getNumTris();
if ((flags & ENABLE_APPEARANCE_MODIFY) != 0) {
(shape[i]).setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_APPEARANCE_READ);
(shape[i]).setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_APPEARANCE_WRITE);
}
objTrans.addChild(shape[i]);
}
if (ap == null) {
setAppearance();
} else
setAppearance(ap);
}
/**
* Gets one of the faces (Shape3D) from the Cuboid that contains the
* geometry and appearance. This allows users to modify the appearance or
* geometry of individual parts.
*
* @param partId
* The part to return.
* @return The Shape3D object associated with the partID. If an invalid
* partId is passed in, null is returned.
*/
public Shape3D getShape(int partId) {
if ((partId >= FRONT) && (partId <= BOTTOM))
return (Shape3D) (((Group) getChild(0)).getChild(partId));
return null;
}
/**
* Sets appearance of the Cuboid. This will set each face of the Cuboid to
* the same appearance. To set each face"s appearance separately, use
* getShape(partId) to get the individual shape and call
* shape.setAppearance(ap).
*/
public void setAppearance(Appearance ap) {
((Shape3D) ((Group) getChild(0)).getChild(TOP)).setAppearance(ap);
((Shape3D) ((Group) getChild(0)).getChild(LEFT)).setAppearance(ap);
((Shape3D) ((Group) getChild(0)).getChild(RIGHT)).setAppearance(ap);
((Shape3D) ((Group) getChild(0)).getChild(FRONT)).setAppearance(ap);
((Shape3D) ((Group) getChild(0)).getChild(BACK)).setAppearance(ap);
((Shape3D) ((Group) getChild(0)).getChild(BOTTOM)).setAppearance(ap);
}
private static final float[] verts = {
// front face
1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f,
-1.0f, 1.0f,
// back face
-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f,
-1.0f, -1.0f,
// right face
1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
-1.0f, 1.0f,
// left face
-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,
-1.0f, -1.0f,
// top face
1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,
1.0f, 1.0f,
// bottom face
-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f,
-1.0f, 1.0f, };
private static final double[] tcoords = {
// front
1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0,
// back
1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0,
//right
1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0,
// left
1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0,
// top
1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0,
// bottom
0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
private static final Vector3f[] normals = { new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f), // front
// face
new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f), // back face
new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), // right face
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), // left face
new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), // top face
new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f), // bottom face
};
/**
* Used to create a new instance of the node. This routine is called by
* cloneTree to duplicate the current node.
* cloneNode should be overridden by any user subclassed
* objects. All subclasses must have their cloneNode method
* consist of the following lines:
* <P>
* *
** public Node cloneNode(boolean forceDuplicate) { * UserSubClass usc = new UserSubClass(); * usc.duplicateNode(this, forceDuplicate); * return usc; * } **
*
* * @param forceDuplicate * when set totrue, causes the *duplicateOnCloneTreeflag to be ignored. When *false, the value of each node"s *duplicateOnCloneTreevariable determines * whether NodeComponent data is duplicated or copied. * * @see Node#cloneTree * @see Node#duplicateNode * @see NodeComponent#setDuplicateOnCloneTree */ public Node cloneNode(boolean forceDuplicate) { Cuboid b = new Cuboid(xDim, yDim, zDim, flags, getAppearance()); b.duplicateNode(this, forceDuplicate); return b; } /** * Copies all node information fromoriginalNodeinto the * current node. This method is called from thecloneNode* method which is, in turn, called by thecloneTreemethod. * <P> * For any NodeComponent objects contained by the object being * duplicated, each NodeComponent object"s *duplicateOnCloneTreevalue is used to determine whether * the NodeComponent should be duplicated in the new node or if just * a reference to the current node should be placed in the new node. This * flag can be overridden by setting theforceDuplicate* parameter in thecloneTreemethod totrue. * * @param originalNode * the original node to duplicate. * @param forceDuplicate * when set totrue, causes the *duplicateOnCloneTreeflag to be ignored. When *false, the value of each node"s *duplicateOnCloneTreevariable determines * whether NodeComponent data is duplicated or copied. * * @see Node#cloneTree * @see Node#cloneNode * @see NodeComponent#setDuplicateOnCloneTree */ public void duplicateNode(Node originalNode, boolean forceDuplicate) { super.duplicateNode(originalNode, forceDuplicate); }
} /*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2001 Daniel Selman * * First distributed with the book "Java 3D Programming" by Daniel Selman and * published by Manning Publications. http://manning.ru/selman * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under * the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software * Foundation, version 2. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more * details. * * The license can be found on the WWW at: http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html * * Or by writing to: Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite * 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. * * Authors can be contacted at: Daniel Selman: daniel@selman.org * * If you make changes you think others would like, please contact one of the * authors or someone at the www.j3d.org web site. ******************************************************************************/
//***************************************************************************** /**
* Java3dApplet * * Base class for defining a Java 3D applet. Contains some useful methods for * defining views and scenegraphs etc. * * @author Daniel Selman * @version 1.0 */
//***************************************************************************** abstract class Java3dApplet extends Applet {
public static int m_kWidth = 300;
public static int m_kHeight = 300;
protected String[] m_szCommandLineArray = null;
protected VirtualUniverse m_Universe = null;
protected BranchGroup m_SceneBranchGroup = null;
protected Bounds m_ApplicationBounds = null;
// protected com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree m_Java3dTree = null;
public Java3dApplet() {
}
public boolean isApplet() {
try {
System.getProperty("user.dir");
System.out.println("Running as Application.");
return false;
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println("Running as Applet.");
return true;
}
public URL getWorkingDirectory() throws java.net.MalformedURLException {
URL url = null;
try {
File file = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
System.out.println("Running as Application:");
System.out.println(" " + file.toURL());
return file.toURL();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
System.out.println("Running as Applet:");
System.out.println(" " + getCodeBase());
return getCodeBase();
}
public VirtualUniverse getVirtualUniverse() {
return m_Universe;
}
//public com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree getJ3dTree() {
//return m_Java3dTree;
// }
public Locale getFirstLocale() {
java.util.Enumeration e = m_Universe.getAllLocales();
if (e.hasMoreElements() != false)
return (Locale) e.nextElement();
return null;
}
protected Bounds getApplicationBounds() {
if (m_ApplicationBounds == null)
m_ApplicationBounds = createApplicationBounds();
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
protected Bounds createApplicationBounds() {
m_ApplicationBounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
return m_ApplicationBounds;
}
protected Background createBackground() {
Background back = new Background(new Color3f(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.9f));
back.setApplicationBounds(createApplicationBounds());
return back;
}
public void initJava3d() {
// m_Java3dTree = new com.tornadolabs.j3dtree.Java3dTree();
m_Universe = createVirtualUniverse();
Locale locale = createLocale(m_Universe);
BranchGroup sceneBranchGroup = createSceneBranchGroup();
ViewPlatform vp = createViewPlatform();
BranchGroup viewBranchGroup = createViewBranchGroup(
getViewTransformGroupArray(), vp);
createView(vp);
Background background = createBackground();
if (background != null)
sceneBranchGroup.addChild(background);
// m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(sceneBranchGroup);
// m_Java3dTree.recursiveApplyCapability(viewBranchGroup);
locale.addBranchGraph(sceneBranchGroup);
addViewBranchGroup(locale, viewBranchGroup);
onDoneInit();
}
protected void onDoneInit() {
// m_Java3dTree.updateNodes(m_Universe);
}
protected double getScale() {
return 1.0;
}
public TransformGroup[] getViewTransformGroupArray() {
TransformGroup[] tgArray = new TransformGroup[1];
tgArray[0] = new TransformGroup();
// move the camera BACK a little...
// note that we have to invert the matrix as
// we are moving the viewer
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setScale(getScale());
t3d.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, -20.0));
t3d.invert();
tgArray[0].setTransform(t3d);
return tgArray;
}
protected void addViewBranchGroup(Locale locale, BranchGroup bg) {
locale.addBranchGraph(bg);
}
protected Locale createLocale(VirtualUniverse u) {
return new Locale(u);
}
protected BranchGroup createSceneBranchGroup() {
m_SceneBranchGroup = new BranchGroup();
return m_SceneBranchGroup;
}
protected View createView(ViewPlatform vp) {
View view = new View();
PhysicalBody pb = createPhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment pe = createPhysicalEnvironment();
AudioDevice audioDevice = createAudioDevice(pe);
if (audioDevice != null) {
pe.setAudioDevice(audioDevice);
audioDevice.initialize();
}
view.setPhysicalEnvironment(pe);
view.setPhysicalBody(pb);
if (vp != null)
view.attachViewPlatform(vp);
view.setBackClipDistance(getBackClipDistance());
view.setFrontClipDistance(getFrontClipDistance());
Canvas3D c3d = createCanvas3D();
view.addCanvas3D(c3d);
addCanvas3D(c3d);
return view;
}
protected PhysicalBody createPhysicalBody() {
return new PhysicalBody();
}
protected AudioDevice createAudioDevice(PhysicalEnvironment pe) {
JavaSoundMixer javaSoundMixer = new JavaSoundMixer(pe);
if (javaSoundMixer == null)
System.out.println("create of audiodevice failed");
return javaSoundMixer;
}
protected PhysicalEnvironment createPhysicalEnvironment() {
return new PhysicalEnvironment();
}
protected float getViewPlatformActivationRadius() {
return 100;
}
protected ViewPlatform createViewPlatform() {
ViewPlatform vp = new ViewPlatform();
vp.setViewAttachPolicy(View.RELATIVE_TO_FIELD_OF_VIEW);
vp.setActivationRadius(getViewPlatformActivationRadius());
return vp;
}
protected Canvas3D createCanvas3D() {
GraphicsConfigTemplate3D gc3D = new GraphicsConfigTemplate3D();
gc3D.setSceneAntialiasing(GraphicsConfigTemplate.PREFERRED);
GraphicsDevice gd[] = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment()
.getScreenDevices();
Canvas3D c3d = new Canvas3D(gd[0].getBestConfiguration(gc3D));
c3d.setSize(getCanvas3dWidth(c3d), getCanvas3dHeight(c3d));
return c3d;
}
protected int getCanvas3dWidth(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kWidth;
}
protected int getCanvas3dHeight(Canvas3D c3d) {
return m_kHeight;
}
protected double getBackClipDistance() {
return 100.0;
}
protected double getFrontClipDistance() {
return 1.0;
}
protected BranchGroup createViewBranchGroup(TransformGroup[] tgArray,
ViewPlatform vp) {
BranchGroup vpBranchGroup = new BranchGroup();
if (tgArray != null && tgArray.length > 0) {
Group parentGroup = vpBranchGroup;
TransformGroup curTg = null;
for (int n = 0; n < tgArray.length; n++) {
curTg = tgArray[n];
parentGroup.addChild(curTg);
parentGroup = curTg;
}
tgArray[tgArray.length - 1].addChild(vp);
} else
vpBranchGroup.addChild(vp);
return vpBranchGroup;
}
protected void addCanvas3D(Canvas3D c3d) {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
add(c3d, BorderLayout.CENTER);
doLayout();
}
protected VirtualUniverse createVirtualUniverse() {
return new VirtualUniverse();
}
protected void saveCommandLineArguments(String[] szArgs) {
m_szCommandLineArray = szArgs;
}
protected String[] getCommandLineArguments() {
return m_szCommandLineArray;
}
}
</source>
Line Types
<source lang="java">
/*
* %Z%%M% %I% %E% %U% * * ************************************************************** "Copyright (c) * 2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * * -Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this * list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * * -Redistribution in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation * and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * * Neither the name of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or the names of contributors may * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without * specific prior written permission. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR * NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING * OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS * LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, * INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER * CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY * OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * You acknowledge that Software is not designed,licensed or intended for use in * the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility." * * *************************************************************************** */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.Point; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.text.NumberFormat; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.ColoringAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Group; import javax.media.j3d.ImageComponent; import javax.media.j3d.ImageComponent2D; import javax.media.j3d.LineArray; import javax.media.j3d.LineAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.Screen3D; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTabbedPane; import javax.vecmath.AxisAngle4f; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec; import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGEncodeParam; import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.mouse.MouseRotate; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class LineTypes extends Applet {
SimpleUniverse u;
boolean isApplication;
Canvas3D canvas;
View view;
/* image capture */
OffScreenCanvas3D offScreenCanvas;
float offScreenScale = 1.0f;
String snapImageString = "Snap Image";
// GUI elements
JTabbedPane tabbedPane;
// Temporaries that are reused
Transform3D tmpTrans = new Transform3D();
Vector3f tmpVector = new Vector3f();
AxisAngle4f tmpAxisAngle = new AxisAngle4f();
// colors for use in the cones
Color3f red = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f white = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
// geometric constants
Point3f origin = new Point3f();
Vector3f yAxis = new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
// NumberFormat to print out floats with only two digits
NumberFormat nf;
// Returns the TransformGroup we will be editing to change the tranform
// on the lines
Group createLineTypes() {
Group lineGroup = new Group();
Appearance app = new Appearance();
ColoringAttributes ca = new ColoringAttributes(black,
ColoringAttributes.SHADE_FLAT);
app.setColoringAttributes(ca);
// Plain line
Point3f[] plaPts = new Point3f[2];
plaPts[0] = new Point3f(-0.9f, -0.7f, 0.0f);
plaPts[1] = new Point3f(-0.5f, 0.7f, 0.0f);
LineArray pla = new LineArray(2, LineArray.COORDINATES);
pla.setCoordinates(0, plaPts);
Shape3D plShape = new Shape3D(pla, app);
lineGroup.addChild(plShape);
// line pattern dot
Point3f[] dotPts = new Point3f[2];
dotPts[0] = new Point3f(-0.4f, -0.7f, 0.0f);
dotPts[1] = new Point3f(-0.0f, 0.7f, 0.0f);
LineArray dot = new LineArray(2, LineArray.COORDINATES);
dot.setCoordinates(0, dotPts);
LineAttributes dotLa = new LineAttributes();
dotLa.setLineWidth(2.0f);
dotLa.setLinePattern(LineAttributes.PATTERN_DOT);
Appearance dotApp = new Appearance();
dotApp.setLineAttributes(dotLa);
dotApp.setColoringAttributes(ca);
Shape3D dotShape = new Shape3D(dot, dotApp);
lineGroup.addChild(dotShape);
// line pattern dash
Point3f[] dashPts = new Point3f[2];
dashPts[0] = new Point3f(-0.0f, -0.7f, 0.0f);
dashPts[1] = new Point3f(0.4f, 0.7f, 0.0f);
LineArray dash = new LineArray(2, LineArray.COORDINATES);
dash.setCoordinates(0, dashPts);
LineAttributes dashLa = new LineAttributes();
dashLa.setLineWidth(4.0f);
dashLa.setLinePattern(LineAttributes.PATTERN_DASH);
Appearance dashApp = new Appearance();
dashApp.setLineAttributes(dashLa);
dashApp.setColoringAttributes(ca);
Shape3D dashShape = new Shape3D(dash, dashApp);
lineGroup.addChild(dashShape);
// line pattern dot-dash
Point3f[] dotDashPts = new Point3f[2];
dotDashPts[0] = new Point3f(0.5f, -0.7f, 0.0f);
dotDashPts[1] = new Point3f(0.9f, 0.7f, 0.0f);
LineArray dotDash = new LineArray(2, LineArray.COORDINATES);
dotDash.setCoordinates(0, dotDashPts);
LineAttributes dotDashLa = new LineAttributes();
dotDashLa.setLineWidth(4.0f);
dotDashLa.setLinePattern(LineAttributes.PATTERN_DASH_DOT);
Appearance dotDashApp = new Appearance();
dotDashApp.setLineAttributes(dotDashLa);
dotDashApp.setColoringAttributes(ca);
Shape3D dotDashShape = new Shape3D(dotDash, dotDashApp);
lineGroup.addChild(dotDashShape);
return lineGroup;
}
BranchGroup createSceneGraph() {
// Create the root of the branch graph
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Create a TransformGroup to scale the scene down by 3.5x
// TODO: move view platform instead of scene using orbit behavior
TransformGroup objScale = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D scaleTrans = new Transform3D();
//scaleTrans.set(1 / 3.5f); // scale down by 3.5x
objScale.setTransform(scaleTrans);
objRoot.addChild(objScale);
// Create a TransformGroup and initialize it to the
// identity. Enable the TRANSFORM_WRITE capability so that
// the mouse behaviors code can modify it at runtime. Add it to the
// root of the subgraph.
TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup();
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
objScale.addChild(objTrans);
// Add the primitives to the scene
objTrans.addChild(createLineTypes());
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(), 100.0);
Background bg = new Background(new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
bg.setApplicationBounds(bounds);
objTrans.addChild(bg);
// set up the mouse rotation behavior
MouseRotate mr = new MouseRotate();
mr.setTransformGroup(objTrans);
mr.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
mr.setFactor(0.007);
objTrans.addChild(mr);
// Set up the ambient light
Color3f ambientColor = new Color3f(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f);
AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(ambientColor);
ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(ambientLightNode);
// Set up the directional lights
Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(0.0f, -0.2f, -1.0f);
DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(light1Color,
light1Direction);
light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(light1);
return objRoot;
}
public LineTypes() {
this(false);
}
public LineTypes(boolean isApplication) {
this.isApplication = isApplication;
}
public void init() {
// set up a NumFormat object to print out float with only 3 fraction
// digits
nf = NumberFormat.getInstance();
nf.setMaximumFractionDigits(3);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration();
canvas = new Canvas3D(config);
add("Center", canvas);
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph();
u = new SimpleUniverse(canvas);
if (isApplication) {
offScreenCanvas = new OffScreenCanvas3D(config, true);
// set the size of the off-screen canvas based on a scale
// of the on-screen size
Screen3D sOn = canvas.getScreen3D();
Screen3D sOff = offScreenCanvas.getScreen3D();
Dimension dim = sOn.getSize();
dim.width *= 1.0f;
dim.height *= 1.0f;
sOff.setSize(dim);
sOff.setPhysicalScreenWidth(sOn.getPhysicalScreenWidth()
* offScreenScale);
sOff.setPhysicalScreenHeight(sOn.getPhysicalScreenHeight()
* offScreenScale);
// attach the offscreen canvas to the view
u.getViewer().getView().addCanvas3D(offScreenCanvas);
}
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
u.addBranchGraph(scene);
view = u.getViewer().getView();
add("South", guiPanel());
}
// create a panel with a tabbed pane holding each of the edit panels
JPanel guiPanel() {
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1));
if (isApplication) {
JButton snapButton = new JButton(snapImageString);
snapButton.setActionCommand(snapImageString);
snapButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
doSnapshot();
}
});
panel.add(snapButton);
}
return panel;
}
void doSnapshot() {
Point loc = canvas.getLocationOnScreen();
offScreenCanvas.setOffScreenLocation(loc);
Dimension dim = canvas.getSize();
dim.width *= offScreenScale;
dim.height *= offScreenScale;
nf.setMinimumIntegerDigits(3);
offScreenCanvas.snapImageFile("lineTypes", dim.width, dim.height);
nf.setMinimumIntegerDigits(0);
}
public void destroy() {
u.removeAllLocales();
}
// The following allows LineTypes to be run as an application
// as well as an applet
//
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MainFrame(new LineTypes(true), 600, 600);
}
} class OffScreenCanvas3D extends Canvas3D {
OffScreenCanvas3D(GraphicsConfiguration graphicsConfiguration,
boolean offScreen) {
super(graphicsConfiguration, offScreen);
}
private BufferedImage doRender(int width, int height) {
BufferedImage bImage = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
ImageComponent2D buffer = new ImageComponent2D(
ImageComponent.FORMAT_RGB, bImage);
//buffer.setYUp(true);
setOffScreenBuffer(buffer);
renderOffScreenBuffer();
waitForOffScreenRendering();
bImage = getOffScreenBuffer().getImage();
return bImage;
}
void snapImageFile(String filename, int width, int height) {
BufferedImage bImage = doRender(width, height);
/*
* JAI: RenderedImage fImage = JAI.create("format", bImage,
* DataBuffer.TYPE_BYTE); JAI.create("filestore", fImage, filename +
* ".tif", "tiff", null);
*/
/* No JAI: */
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(filename + ".jpg");
BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);
JPEGImageEncoder jie = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(bos);
JPEGEncodeParam param = jie.getDefaultJPEGEncodeParam(bImage);
param.setQuality(1.0f, true);
jie.setJPEGEncodeParam(param);
jie.encode(bImage);
bos.flush();
fos.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
</source>
Morphing
<source lang="java">
/*
* @(#)Morphing.java 1.24 02/10/21 13:45:46 * * Copyright (c) 1996-2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * - Redistribution in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation * and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * * Neither the name of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or the names of contributors may * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without * specific prior written permission. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR * NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING * OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS * LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, * INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER * CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY * OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * You acknowledge that Software is not designed,licensed or intended for use in * the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility. */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.util.Enumeration; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.Behavior; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Morph; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.WakeupOnElapsedFrames; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.IncorrectFormatException; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.ParsingErrorException; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.Scene; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.objectfile.ObjectFile; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class Morphing extends Applet {
private java.net.URL[] objFiles = null;
private SimpleUniverse u = null;
private BranchGroup createSceneGraph() {
// Create the root of the branch graph
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Create a Transformgroup to scale all objects so they
// appear in the scene.
TransformGroup objScale = new TransformGroup();
Transform3D t3d = new Transform3D();
t3d.setScale(0.4);
objScale.setTransform(t3d);
objRoot.addChild(objScale);
// Create a bounds for the background and lights
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
// Set up the background
Color3f bgColor = new Color3f(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.2f);
Background bg = new Background(bgColor);
bg.setApplicationBounds(bounds);
objScale.addChild(bg);
// Set up the global lights
Color3f lColor1 = new Color3f(0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f);
Vector3f lDir1 = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Color3f alColor = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
AmbientLight aLgt = new AmbientLight(alColor);
aLgt.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
DirectionalLight lgt1 = new DirectionalLight(lColor1, lDir1);
lgt1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objScale.addChild(aLgt);
objScale.addChild(lgt1);
//
// Create the transform group nodes for the 3 original objects
// and the morphed object. Add them to the root of the
// branch graph.
//
TransformGroup objTrans[] = new TransformGroup[4];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
objTrans[i] = new TransformGroup();
objScale.addChild(objTrans[i]);
}
Transform3D tr = new Transform3D();
Transform3D rotX90 = new Transform3D();
rotX90.rotX(90.0 * Math.PI / 180.0);
objTrans[0].getTransform(tr);
tr.setTranslation(new Vector3d(-2.0, 1.5, -2.0));
tr.mul(rotX90);
objTrans[0].setTransform(tr);
objTrans[1].getTransform(tr);
tr.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0.0, 1.5, -2.0));
tr.mul(rotX90);
objTrans[1].setTransform(tr);
objTrans[2].getTransform(tr);
tr.setTranslation(new Vector3d(2.0, 1.5, -2.0));
tr.mul(rotX90);
objTrans[2].setTransform(tr);
objTrans[3].getTransform(tr);
tr.setTranslation(new Vector3d(0.0, -2.0, -2.0));
tr.mul(rotX90);
objTrans[3].setTransform(tr);
// Now load the object files
Scene s[] = new Scene[3];
GeometryArray g[] = new GeometryArray[3];
Shape3D shape[] = new Shape3D[3];
ObjectFile loader = new ObjectFile(ObjectFile.RESIZE);
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
s[i] = null;
g[i] = null;
shape[i] = null;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
try {
s[i] = loader.load(objFiles[i]);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (ParsingErrorException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (IncorrectFormatException e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
}
BranchGroup b = s[i].getSceneGroup();
shape[i] = (Shape3D) b.getChild(0);
g[i] = (GeometryArray) shape[i].getGeometry();
shape[i].setGeometry(g[i]);
objTrans[i].addChild(b);
}
//
// Create a Morph node, and set the appearance and input geometry
// arrays. Set the Morph node"s capability bits to allow the weights
// to be modified at runtime.
//
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Color3f objColor = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.7f, 0.8f);
Color3f black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
app.setMaterial(new Material(objColor, black, objColor, black, 80.0f));
Morph morph = new Morph(g, app);
morph.setCapability(Morph.ALLOW_WEIGHTS_READ);
morph.setCapability(Morph.ALLOW_WEIGHTS_WRITE);
objTrans[3].addChild(morph);
// Now create the Alpha object that controls the speed of the
// morphing operation.
Alpha morphAlpha = new Alpha(-1, Alpha.INCREASING_ENABLE
| Alpha.DECREASING_ENABLE, 0, 0, 2000, 1000, 200, 2000, 1000,
200);
// Finally, create the morphing behavior
MorphingBehavior mBeh = new MorphingBehavior(morphAlpha, morph);
mBeh.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objScale.addChild(mBeh);
return objRoot;
}
public Morphing() {
}
public Morphing(java.net.URL[] urls) {
objFiles = urls;
}
public void init() {
if (objFiles == null) {
objFiles = new java.net.URL[3];
// the path to the image for an applet
String path = getCodeBase().toString();
try {
objFiles[0] = new java.net.URL(path + "hand1.obj");
objFiles[1] = new java.net.URL(path + "hand2.obj");
objFiles[2] = new java.net.URL(path + "hand3.obj");
} catch (java.net.MalformedURLException ex) {
System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
}
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration();
Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(config);
add("Center", c);
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph();
u = new SimpleUniverse(c);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
u.addBranchGraph(scene);
}
public void destroy() {
u.cleanup();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
java.net.URL[] urls = new java.net.URL[3];
// the path to the image file for an application
try {
urls[0] = new java.net.URL("file:./hand1.obj");
urls[1] = new java.net.URL("file:./hand2.obj");
urls[2] = new java.net.URL("file:./hand3.obj");
} catch (java.net.MalformedURLException ex) {
System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
new MainFrame(new Morphing(urls), 700, 700);
}
} //User-defined morphing behavior class class MorphingBehavior extends Behavior {
Alpha alpha;
Morph morph;
double weights[];
WakeupOnElapsedFrames w = new WakeupOnElapsedFrames(0);
// Override Behavior"s initialize method to setup wakeup criteria
public void initialize() {
alpha.setStartTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
// Establish initial wakeup criteria
wakeupOn(w);
}
// Override Behavior"s stimulus method to handle the event
public void processStimulus(Enumeration criteria) {
// NOTE: This assumes 3 objects. It should be generalized to
// "n" objects.
double val = alpha.value();
if (val < 0.5) {
double a = val * 2.0;
weights[0] = 1.0 - a;
weights[1] = a;
weights[2] = 0.0;
} else {
double a = (val - 0.5) * 2.0;
weights[0] = 0.0;
weights[1] = 1.0f - a;
weights[2] = a;
}
morph.setWeights(weights);
// Set wakeup criteria for next time
wakeupOn(w);
}
public MorphingBehavior(Alpha a, Morph m) {
alpha = a;
morph = m;
weights = morph.getWeights();
}
} //File: hand1.obj /*
- Mon Jun 02 17:09:33 1997
g hand1 v -0.551223 0.307562 -3.946050 v -0.215465 0.030475 -3.703516 v -0.059140 0.068255 -1.551531 v -0.487235 0.455792 -4.006029 v -0.168743 0.090975 -3.755638 v -0.338689 0.569450 -4.244848 v -0.639211 0.502297 -4.165243 v -0.760687 0.647871 -4.482797 v -0.529792 0.073768 -3.945949 v -0.707612 0.258064 -4.192451 v -0.866004 0.446161 -4.511733 v -0.367733 -0.147323 -4.191223 v -0.717413 0.071719 -4.433171 v -0.893823 0.253971 -4.589350 v -0.172976 -0.188212 -3.754734 v -0.089148 -0.103984 -1.450071 v -0.234491 -0.100206 -3.756646 v -0.131305 -0.032994 -1.531782 v -0.589492 0.641054 -4.376035 v -0.050594 -0.257375 -4.417058 v 0.208857 -0.205637 -4.768191 v 0.007882 -0.231806 -4.028160 v 0.230232 -0.186379 -4.335583 v 0.390435 -0.043258 -4.060836 v 0.002626 -0.129308 -1.430840 v -0.058465 -0.217994 -3.717670 v 0.087189 -0.100005 -1.425612 v 0.044163 -0.171797 -3.707954 v 0.044240 0.657156 -4.536777 v -0.137070 0.604272 -4.344090 v 0.041139 0.604901 -4.118776 v -0.080844 0.531805 -3.993031 v 0.165095 0.484110 -3.906230 v -0.081629 0.087632 -3.782753 v -0.013872 0.088823 -1.554481 v 0.008630 0.041677 -3.708195 v 0.070162 0.059225 -1.467241 v 0.349126 0.784380 -4.327246 v 0.192656 0.707311 -4.316467 v 0.240026 0.669896 -4.092967 v 0.614077 0.770599 -4.245997 v 0.448901 0.789330 -4.242595 v 0.390683 0.635870 -4.050064 v 0.823568 1.030378 -5.230011 v 0.583262 0.935220 -4.789198 v 0.936485 1.075914 -5.144932 v 0.708930 0.972489 -4.713959 v 1.079595 1.050653 -5.079602 v 0.863290 0.942616 -4.657226 v 0.731356 0.950572 -5.335061 v 0.698927 0.816156 -5.569689 v 0.452954 0.862935 -4.860037 v 0.354245 0.777679 -5.103039 v 0.109515 -0.020305 -1.439012 v 0.321579 0.190660 -3.847763 v 0.056950 -0.068344 -3.678991 v 0.551677 0.397382 -4.027330 v 0.748943 0.261978 -4.201552 v 0.797463 0.611225 -4.241810 v 0.934536 0.472987 -4.298673 v 0.919641 0.370477 -5.597496 v 1.079582 0.375487 -5.341094 v 1.225601 0.456396 -5.207421 v 0.593068 0.043314 -5.202118 v 0.711852 0.101000 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//File: hand2.obj /*
- Mon Jun 02 17:09:49 1997
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//File: hand3.obj /*
- Mon Jun 02 17:10:02 1997
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- 552 elements
- /
</source>
Red Green Girl
<source lang="java">
//Copyright 2001 Resplendent Technology Ltd. greg@resplendent.ru import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.FlowLayout; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.Hashtable; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.RenderingAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.TransparencyAttributes; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.Scene; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.objectfile.ObjectFile; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.keyboard.KeyNavigatorBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.mouse.MouseRotate; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.mouse.MouseTranslate; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class RedGreenGirl extends Applet {
protected Canvas3D c1 = new Canvas3D(SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration()); // private Canvas3D c2 = new Canvas3D(SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration()); private static MainFrame mf; protected SimpleUniverse u = null; protected BranchGroup scene = null; protected String URLString = "http://www.java3d.org/renee.obj"; protected float eyeOffset =0.03F; protected static int size=600; public void init() { setLayout(new FlowLayout()); GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration(); String v = getParameter("url"); if (v != null) { URLString = v; } c1.setSize(size, size); add(c1); scene = createSceneGraph(0); u = new SimpleUniverse(c1); // This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the // objects in the scene can be viewed. //u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform(); u.addBranchGraph(scene); } public BranchGroup createSceneGraph(int i) { System.out.println("Creating scene for: "+URLString); // Create the root of the branch graph BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup(); try{ Transform3D myTransform3D = new Transform3D(); myTransform3D.setTranslation(new Vector3f(+0.0f,-0.15f,-3.6f)); TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup(myTransform3D); objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); Transform3D t = new Transform3D(); TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup(t); tg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ); tg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); objTrans.addChild(tg); URL url = new URL(URLString) ; ObjectFile f = new ObjectFile(); f.setFlags(ObjectFile.RESIZE | ObjectFile.TRIANGULATE | ObjectFile.STRIPIFY); System.out.println( "About to load" ); Scene s = f.load(url); Transform3D myTrans = new Transform3D(); myTrans.setTranslation(new Vector3f(eyeOffset, -eyeOffset, 0F)); TransformGroup mytg = new TransformGroup(myTrans); //mytg.addChild(s.getSceneGroup()); tg.addChild(mytg); Transform3D myTrans2 = new Transform3D(); myTrans2.setTranslation(new Vector3f(-eyeOffset, +eyeOffset, 0F)); TransformGroup mytg2 = new TransformGroup(myTrans2); //mytg2.addChild(s.getSceneGroup()); Hashtable table = s.getNamedObjects(); for (Enumeration e = table.keys() ; e.hasMoreElements() ;) { Object key = e.nextElement(); System.out.println(key); Object obj = table.get(key); System.out.println(obj.getClass().getName()); Shape3D shape = (Shape3D)obj; //shape.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_APPEARANCE_WRITE); Appearance ap = new Appearance(); Color3f black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Color3f red = new Color3f(0.7f, .0f, .15f); Color3f green = new Color3f(0f, .7f, .15f); ap.setMaterial(new Material(green,black, green, black, 1.0f)); Appearance ap2 = new Appearance(); ap2.setMaterial(new Material(red, black, red, black, 1.0f)); float transparencyValue = 0.5f; TransparencyAttributes t_attr = new TransparencyAttributes( TransparencyAttributes.BLENDED, transparencyValue, TransparencyAttributes.BLEND_SRC_ALPHA, TransparencyAttributes.BLEND_ONE); ap2.setTransparencyAttributes( t_attr ); ap2.setRenderingAttributes( new RenderingAttributes() ); ap.setTransparencyAttributes( t_attr ); ap.setRenderingAttributes( new RenderingAttributes() ); // bg.addChild(ap); shape.setAppearance(ap); mytg2.addChild(new Shape3D(shape.getGeometry(),ap2)); mytg.addChild(new Shape3D(shape.getGeometry(),ap)); } tg.addChild(mytg2); System.out.println( "Finished Loading" ); BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0,0.0,0.0), 100.0); Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(.9f, 0.9f, 0.9f); Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(4.0f, -7.0f, -12.0f); DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(light1Color, light1Direction); light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objTrans.addChild(light1); // Set up the ambient light Color3f ambientColor = new Color3f(1.0f, .4f, 0.3f); AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(ambientColor); ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objTrans.addChild(ambientLightNode); MouseRotate behavior = new MouseRotate(); behavior.setTransformGroup(tg); objTrans.addChild(behavior); // Create the translate behavior node MouseTranslate behavior3 = new MouseTranslate(); behavior3.setTransformGroup(tg); objTrans.addChild(behavior3); behavior3.setSchedulingBounds(bounds); KeyNavigatorBehavior keyNavBeh = new KeyNavigatorBehavior(tg); keyNavBeh.setSchedulingBounds(new BoundingSphere( new Point3d(),1000.0)); objTrans.addChild(keyNavBeh); behavior.setSchedulingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(objTrans); } catch(Throwable t){System.out.println("Error: "+t);} return objRoot; } public RedGreenGirl() { } public void destroy() { u.removeAllLocales(); } public static void main(String[] args) { RedGreenGirl s = new RedGreenGirl(); if (args.length > 0) { s.URLString = args[0]; } mf = new MainFrame(s, size, size); }
}
</source>
Red Green Griffin
<source lang="java">
// Copyright 2001 Resplendent Technology Ltd. greg@resplendent.ru import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.FlowLayout; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.Hashtable; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.RenderingAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.TransparencyAttributes; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.Scene; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.objectfile.ObjectFile; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.keyboard.KeyNavigatorBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.mouse.MouseRotate; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.mouse.MouseTranslate; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class RedGreenGriffin extends Applet {
protected Canvas3D c1 = new Canvas3D(SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration());
// private Canvas3D c2 = new
// Canvas3D(SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration());
private static MainFrame mf;
protected SimpleUniverse u = null;
protected BranchGroup scene = null;
protected String URLString = "http://www.java3d.org/saurus.obj";
protected float eyeOffset = 0.03F;
protected static int size = 600;
public void init() {
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration();
String v = getParameter("url");
if (v != null) {
URLString = v;
}
c1.setSize(size, size);
add(c1);
scene = createSceneGraph(0);
u = new SimpleUniverse(c1);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
//u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
u.addBranchGraph(scene);
}
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph(int i) {
System.out.println("Creating scene for: " + URLString);
// Create the root of the branch graph
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
try {
Transform3D myTransform3D = new Transform3D();
myTransform3D.setTranslation(new Vector3f(+0.0f, -0.15f, -3.6f));
TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup(myTransform3D);
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
Transform3D t = new Transform3D();
TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup(t);
tg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
tg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objTrans.addChild(tg);
URL url = new URL(URLString);
ObjectFile f = new ObjectFile();
f.setFlags(ObjectFile.RESIZE | ObjectFile.TRIANGULATE
| ObjectFile.STRIPIFY);
System.out.println("About to load");
Scene s = f.load(url);
Transform3D myTrans = new Transform3D();
myTrans.setTranslation(new Vector3f(eyeOffset, -eyeOffset, 0F));
TransformGroup mytg = new TransformGroup(myTrans);
//mytg.addChild(s.getSceneGroup());
tg.addChild(mytg);
Transform3D myTrans2 = new Transform3D();
myTrans2.setTranslation(new Vector3f(-eyeOffset, +eyeOffset, 0F));
TransformGroup mytg2 = new TransformGroup(myTrans2);
//mytg2.addChild(s.getSceneGroup());
Hashtable table = s.getNamedObjects();
for (Enumeration e = table.keys(); e.hasMoreElements();) {
Object key = e.nextElement();
System.out.println(key);
Object obj = table.get(key);
System.out.println(obj.getClass().getName());
Shape3D shape = (Shape3D) obj;
//shape.setCapability(Shape3D.ALLOW_APPEARANCE_WRITE);
Appearance ap = new Appearance();
Color3f black = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f red = new Color3f(0.7f, .0f, .15f);
Color3f green = new Color3f(0f, .7f, .15f);
ap.setMaterial(new Material(green, black, green, black, 1.0f));
Appearance ap2 = new Appearance();
ap2.setMaterial(new Material(red, black, red, black, 1.0f));
float transparencyValue = 0.5f;
TransparencyAttributes t_attr = new TransparencyAttributes(
TransparencyAttributes.BLENDED, transparencyValue,
TransparencyAttributes.BLEND_SRC_ALPHA,
TransparencyAttributes.BLEND_ONE);
ap2.setTransparencyAttributes(t_attr);
ap2.setRenderingAttributes(new RenderingAttributes());
ap.setTransparencyAttributes(t_attr);
ap.setRenderingAttributes(new RenderingAttributes());
// bg.addChild(ap);
shape.setAppearance(ap);
mytg2.addChild(new Shape3D(shape.getGeometry(), ap2));
mytg.addChild(new Shape3D(shape.getGeometry(), ap));
}
tg.addChild(mytg2);
System.out.println("Finished Loading");
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0,
0.0), 100.0);
Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(.9f, 0.9f, 0.9f);
Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(4.0f, -7.0f, -12.0f);
DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(light1Color,
light1Direction);
light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objTrans.addChild(light1);
// Set up the ambient light
Color3f ambientColor = new Color3f(1.0f, .4f, 0.3f);
AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(ambientColor);
ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objTrans.addChild(ambientLightNode);
MouseRotate behavior = new MouseRotate();
behavior.setTransformGroup(tg);
objTrans.addChild(behavior);
// Create the translate behavior node
MouseTranslate behavior3 = new MouseTranslate();
behavior3.setTransformGroup(tg);
objTrans.addChild(behavior3);
behavior3.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
KeyNavigatorBehavior keyNavBeh = new KeyNavigatorBehavior(tg);
keyNavBeh.setSchedulingBounds(new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(),
1000.0));
objTrans.addChild(keyNavBeh);
behavior.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(objTrans);
} catch (Throwable t) {
System.out.println("Error: " + t);
}
return objRoot;
}
public RedGreenGriffin() {
}
public void destroy() {
u.removeAllLocales();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
RedGreenGriffin s = new RedGreenGriffin();
if (args.length > 0) {
s.URLString = args[0];
}
mf = new MainFrame(s, size, size);
}
}
</source>
ShadowApp creates a single plane
<source lang="java">
/*
* ShadowApp.java 1.0 99/04/12
*
* Copyright (c) 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use,
* modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form,
* provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of
* the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner
* which is disparaging to Sun.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY
* IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
* NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
* OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS
* LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT,
* INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
* OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
*
* This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of
* aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in
* the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear
* facility. Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or
* redistribute the Software for such purposes.
*/
/*
* This application demonstrates how a programmer can create shadows * in Java 3D automatically. * * The class SimpleShadow produces shadow polygons for simple visual * objects in certain situations. * * Note that no real time 3D graphics API provides automatic * shadowing. * * This application (or a version of it) generated one or more * of the images in Chapter 6 of Getting Started with the Java 3D API. * The Java 3D Turtorial. * * See http://www.sun.ru/desktop/java3d/collateral for more information. * */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Geometry; import javax.media.j3d.GeometryArray; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.QuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; /**
* ShadowApp creates a single plane */
public class ShadowApp extends Applet {
public class LitQuad extends Shape3D {
LitQuad(Point3f A, Point3f B, Point3f C, Point3f D) {
this.setGeometry(createGeometry(A, B, C, D));
this.setAppearance(createAppearance());
}
Geometry createGeometry(Point3f A, Point3f B, Point3f C, Point3f D) {
QuadArray plane = new QuadArray(4, GeometryArray.COORDINATES
| GeometryArray.NORMALS);
plane.setCoordinate(0, A);
plane.setCoordinate(1, B);
plane.setCoordinate(2, C);
plane.setCoordinate(3, D);
Vector3f a = new Vector3f(A.x - B.x, A.y - B.y, A.z - B.z);
Vector3f b = new Vector3f(C.x - B.x, C.y - B.y, C.z - B.z);
Vector3f n = new Vector3f();
n.cross(b, a);
n.normalize();
plane.setNormal(0, n);
plane.setNormal(1, n);
plane.setNormal(2, n);
plane.setNormal(3, n);
return plane;
}
Appearance createAppearance() {
Appearance appear = new Appearance();
Material material = new Material();
appear.setMaterial(material);
return appear;
}
}
public class SimpleShadow extends Shape3D {
SimpleShadow(GeometryArray geom, Vector3f direction, Color3f col,
float height) {
int vCount = geom.getVertexCount();
QuadArray poly = new QuadArray(vCount, GeometryArray.COORDINATES
| GeometryArray.COLOR_3);
int v;
Point3f vertex = new Point3f();
Point3f shadow = new Point3f();
for (v = 0; v < vCount; v++) {
geom.getCoordinate(v, vertex);
shadow.set(vertex.x + (vertex.y - height) * direction.x,
height + 0.0001f, vertex.z + (vertex.y - height)
* direction.y);
poly.setCoordinate(v, shadow);
poly.setColor(v, col);
}
this.setGeometry(poly);
}
} // end of PolyFour class
public ShadowApp() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(null);
add("Center", c);
BranchGroup scene = new BranchGroup();
Shape3D plane = new LitQuad(new Point3f(-0.3f, 0.6f, 0.2f),
new Point3f(-0.3f, -0.3f, 0.2f),
new Point3f(0.6f, -0.3f, -0.3f), new Point3f(0.6f, 0.6f, -0.3f));
scene.addChild(plane);
Shape3D floor = new LitQuad(new Point3f(-1.0f, -0.5f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -0.5f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -0.5f, 1.0f), new Point3f(1.0f, -0.5f, -1.0f));
scene.addChild(floor);
AmbientLight lightA = new AmbientLight();
lightA.setInfluencingBounds(new BoundingSphere());
scene.addChild(lightA);
DirectionalLight lightD1 = new DirectionalLight();
lightD1.setInfluencingBounds(new BoundingSphere());
Vector3f direction = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
direction.normalize();
lightD1.setDirection(direction);
scene.addChild(lightD1);
Shape3D shadow = new SimpleShadow((GeometryArray) plane.getGeometry(),
direction, new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f), -0.5f);
scene.addChild(shadow);
SimpleUniverse u = new SimpleUniverse(c);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
u.addBranchGraph(scene);
}
public static void main(String argv[]) {
new MainFrame(new ShadowApp(), 256, 256);
}
}
</source>
Shape: Point outline
<source lang="java">
/*
* YoyoPointApp.java 1.0 98/11/23
*
* Copyright (c) 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use,
* modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form,
* provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of
* the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner
* which is disparaging to Sun.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY
* IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
* NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
* OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS
* LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT,
* INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
* OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
* OF SUCH DAMAGES.
*
* This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of
* aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in
* the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility.
* Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or redistribute the
* Software for such purposes.
*/
/*
* Getting Started with the Java 3D API written in Java 3D * * YoyoPointApp.java demonstrates using an Appearance to render only the points * from a more complex geometry. */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.Geometry; import javax.media.j3d.PolygonAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.TriangleFanArray; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class YoyoPointApp extends Applet {
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create scene graph branch group
//
public class Yoyo extends Shape3D {
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create Shape3D with geometry and appearance
// the geometry is created in method yoyoGeometry
// the appearance is created in method yoyoAppearance
//
public Yoyo() {
this.setGeometry(yoyoGeometry());
this.setAppearance(yoyoAppearance());
} // end of Yoyo constructor
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create yoyo geometry
// four triangle fans represent the yoyo
// strip indicies_______________
// 0 0N+0 to 1N+0 ( 0 to N )
// 1 1N+1 to 2N+1
// 2 2N+2 to 3N+2
// 3 3N+4 to 4N+3
//
private Geometry yoyoGeometry() {
TriangleFanArray tfa;
int N = 17;
int totalN = 4 * (N + 1);
Point3f coords[] = new Point3f[totalN];
int stripCounts[] = { N + 1, N + 1, N + 1, N + 1 };
float r = 0.6f;
float w = 0.4f;
int n;
double a;
float x, y;
// set the central points for four triangle fan strips
coords[0 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, w);
coords[1 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
coords[2 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
coords[3 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -w);
for (a = 0, n = 0; n < N; a = 2.0 * Math.PI / (N - 1) * ++n) {
x = (float) (r * Math.cos(a));
y = (float) (r * Math.sin(a));
coords[0 * (N + 1) + n + 1] = new Point3f(x, y, w);
coords[1 * (N + 1) + N - n] = new Point3f(x, y, w);
coords[2 * (N + 1) + n + 1] = new Point3f(x, y, -w);
coords[3 * (N + 1) + N - n] = new Point3f(x, y, -w);
}
tfa = new TriangleFanArray(totalN, TriangleFanArray.COORDINATES,
stripCounts);
tfa.setCoordinates(0, coords);
return tfa;
} // end of method yoyoGeometry in class Yoyo
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create yoyo geometry
//
private Appearance yoyoAppearance() {
Appearance appearance = new Appearance();
PolygonAttributes polyAttrib = new PolygonAttributes();
polyAttrib.setPolygonMode(PolygonAttributes.POLYGON_POINT);
appearance.setPolygonAttributes(polyAttrib);
return appearance;
} // end of method yoyoAppearance of class Yoyo
} // end of class Yoyo
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create scene graph branch group
//
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph() {
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Create the transform group node and initialize it to the
// identity. Enable the TRANSFORM_WRITE capability so that
// our behavior code can modify it at runtime. Add it to the
// root of the subgraph.
TransformGroup objSpin = new TransformGroup();
objSpin.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objRoot.addChild(objSpin);
objSpin.addChild(new Yoyo());
// Create a new Behavior object that will perform the desired
// operation on the specified transform object and add it into
// the scene graph.
Transform3D yAxis = new Transform3D();
Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, 4000);
RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha,
objSpin);
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
rotator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objSpin.addChild(rotator);
// Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph.
objRoot.rupile();
return objRoot;
} // end of CreateSceneGraph method of YoyoPointApp
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
public YoyoPointApp() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Canvas3D canvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
add("Center", canvas3D);
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph();
// SimpleUniverse is a Convenience Utility class
SimpleUniverse simpleU = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
simpleU.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
simpleU.addBranchGraph(scene);
} // end of YoyoPointApp constructor
// The following allows this to be run as an application
// as well as an applet
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new MainFrame(new YoyoPointApp(), 256, 256);
} // end of main method of YoyoPointApp
} // end of class YoyoPointApp
</source>
Simple Indexed Quad
<source lang="java">
/* Essential Java 3D Fast Ian Palmer Publisher: Springer-Verlag ISBN: 1-85233-394-4
- /
import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Button; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedQuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Node; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.AxisAngle4d; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; /**
* This builds a simple class using the an indexed quadrilateral array. This * demonstrates the use of the IndexedQuadArray class. It defines both the * vertices and the normals of the cube such that the shape is shaded with flat * faces. * * @author I.J.Palmer * @version 1.0 */
public class SimpleIndexedQuad extends Frame implements ActionListener {
protected Canvas3D myCanvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
protected Button myButton = new Button("Exit");
/**
* This function builds the view branch of the scene graph. It creates a
* branch group and then creates the necessary view elements to give a
* useful view of our content.
*
* @param c
* Canvas3D that will display the view
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the view elements
*/
protected BranchGroup buildViewBranch(Canvas3D c) {
BranchGroup viewBranch = new BranchGroup();
Transform3D viewXfm = new Transform3D();
viewXfm.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f));
TransformGroup viewXfmGroup = new TransformGroup(viewXfm);
ViewPlatform myViewPlatform = new ViewPlatform();
PhysicalBody myBody = new PhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment myEnvironment = new PhysicalEnvironment();
viewXfmGroup.addChild(myViewPlatform);
viewBranch.addChild(viewXfmGroup);
View myView = new View();
myView.addCanvas3D(c);
myView.attachViewPlatform(myViewPlatform);
myView.setPhysicalBody(myBody);
myView.setPhysicalEnvironment(myEnvironment);
return viewBranch;
}
/**
* Add some lights so that we can illuminate the scene. This adds one
* ambient light to bring up the overall lighting level and one directional
* shape to show the shape of the objects in the scene.
*
* @param b
* BranchGroup that the lights are to be added to.
*/
protected void addLights(BranchGroup b) {
//Create a bounding sphere to act as the active bounds
//of the lights
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
//Create the colours and directions
Color3f lightColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3f lightDir = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
//Create the lights
AmbientLight ambientLight = new AmbientLight(ambientColour);
ambientLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
DirectionalLight directionalLight = new DirectionalLight(lightColour,
lightDir);
directionalLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
//Add the lights to the branch
b.addChild(ambientLight);
b.addChild(directionalLight);
}
/**
* This builds the content branch of our scene graph. It uses the buildShape
* function to create the actual shape, adding to to the transform group so
* that the shape is slightly tilted to reveal its 3D shape. It also uses
* the addLights function to add some lights to the scene.
*
* @param shape
* Node that represents the geometry for the content
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the content branch
*/
protected BranchGroup buildContentBranch(Node shape) {
BranchGroup contentBranch = new BranchGroup();
Transform3D rotateCube = new Transform3D();
rotateCube.set(new AxisAngle4d(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, Math.PI / 4.0));
TransformGroup rotationGroup = new TransformGroup(rotateCube);
contentBranch.addChild(rotationGroup);
rotationGroup.addChild(shape);
addLights(contentBranch);
return contentBranch;
}
/**
* Build a cube from an IndexedQuadArray. This method creates the vertices
* as a set of eight points and the normals as a set of six vectors (one for
* each face). The data is then defined such that each vertex has a
* different normal associated with it when it is being used for a different
* face.
*
* @return Node that is the shape.
*/
protected Node buildShape() {
//The shape. The constructor specifies 8 vertices, that both
//vertices and normals are to be defined and that there are
//24 normals to be specified (4 for each of the 6 faces).
IndexedQuadArray indexedCube = new IndexedQuadArray(8,
IndexedQuadArray.COORDINATES | IndexedQuadArray.NORMALS, 24);
//The vertex coordinates defined as an array of points.
Point3f[] cubeCoordinates = { new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f) };
//The vertex normals defined as an array of vectors
Vector3f[] normals = { new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f) };
//Define the indices used to reference vertex array
int coordIndices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 2, 1,
0, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 2 };
//Define the indices used to reference normal array
int normalIndices[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,
4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5 };
//Set the data
indexedCube.setCoordinates(0, cubeCoordinates);
indexedCube.setNormals(0, normals);
indexedCube.setCoordinateIndices(0, coordIndices);
indexedCube.setNormalIndices(0, normalIndices);
//Define an appearance for the shape
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f emissiveColour = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f specularColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Color3f diffuseColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
float shininess = 20.0f;
app.setMaterial(new Material(ambientColour, emissiveColour,
diffuseColour, specularColour, shininess));
//Create and return the shape
return new Shape3D(indexedCube, app);
}
/**
* Handles the exit button action to quit the program.
*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
public SimpleIndexedQuad() {
VirtualUniverse myUniverse = new VirtualUniverse();
Locale myLocale = new Locale(myUniverse);
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildViewBranch(myCanvas3D));
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildContentBranch(buildShape()));
setTitle("SimpleIndexedQuad");
setSize(400, 400);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
add("Center", myCanvas3D);
add("South", myButton);
myButton.addActionListener(this);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SimpleIndexedQuad siq = new SimpleIndexedQuad();
}
}
</source>
Simple Indexed Quad Normals
<source lang="java">
/* Essential Java 3D Fast Ian Palmer Publisher: Springer-Verlag ISBN: 1-85233-394-4
- /
import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Button; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.IndexedQuadArray; import javax.media.j3d.Locale; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.Node; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalEnvironment; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.media.j3d.ViewPlatform; import javax.media.j3d.VirtualUniverse; import javax.vecmath.AxisAngle4d; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; /**
* This builds a simple class using the an indexed quadrilateral array. This * demonstrates the use of the IndexedQuadArray class. It defines both the * vertices and the normals of the cube such that the shape is shaded with flat * faces. * * @author I.J.Palmer * @version 1.0 */
public class SimpleIndexedQuadNormals extends Frame implements ActionListener {
protected Canvas3D myCanvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
protected Button myButton = new Button("Exit");
/**
* This function builds the view branch of the scene graph. It creates a
* branch group and then creates the necessary view elements to give a
* useful view of our content.
*
* @param c
* Canvas3D that will display the view
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the view elements
*/
protected BranchGroup buildViewBranch(Canvas3D c) {
BranchGroup viewBranch = new BranchGroup();
Transform3D viewXfm = new Transform3D();
viewXfm.set(new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f));
TransformGroup viewXfmGroup = new TransformGroup(viewXfm);
ViewPlatform myViewPlatform = new ViewPlatform();
PhysicalBody myBody = new PhysicalBody();
PhysicalEnvironment myEnvironment = new PhysicalEnvironment();
viewXfmGroup.addChild(myViewPlatform);
viewBranch.addChild(viewXfmGroup);
View myView = new View();
myView.addCanvas3D(c);
myView.attachViewPlatform(myViewPlatform);
myView.setPhysicalBody(myBody);
myView.setPhysicalEnvironment(myEnvironment);
return viewBranch;
}
/**
* Add some lights so that we can illuminate the scene. This adds one
* ambient light to bring up the overall lighting level and one directional
* shape to show the shape of the objects in the scene.
*
* @param b
* BranchGroup that the lights are to be added to.
*/
protected void addLights(BranchGroup b) {
//Create a bounding sphere to act as the active bounds
//of the lights
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
//Create the colours and directions
Color3f lightColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Vector3f lightDir = new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
//Create the lights
AmbientLight ambientLight = new AmbientLight(ambientColour);
ambientLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
DirectionalLight directionalLight = new DirectionalLight(lightColour,
lightDir);
directionalLight.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
//Add the lights to the branch
b.addChild(ambientLight);
b.addChild(directionalLight);
}
/**
* This builds the content branch of our scene graph. It uses the buildShape
* function to create the actual shape, adding to to the transform group so
* that the shape is slightly tilted to reveal its 3D shape. It also uses
* the addLights function to add some lights to the scene.
*
* @param shape
* Node that represents the geometry for the content
* @return BranchGroup that is the root of the content branch
*/
protected BranchGroup buildContentBranch(Node shape) {
BranchGroup contentBranch = new BranchGroup();
Transform3D rotateCube = new Transform3D();
rotateCube.set(new AxisAngle4d(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, Math.PI / 4.0));
TransformGroup rotationGroup = new TransformGroup(rotateCube);
contentBranch.addChild(rotationGroup);
rotationGroup.addChild(shape);
addLights(contentBranch);
return contentBranch;
}
/**
* Build a cube from an IndexedQuadArray. This method creates the vertices
* as a set of eight points and the normals as a set of six vectors (one for
* each face). The data is then defined such that each vertex has a
* different normal associated with it when it is being used for a different
* face.
*
* @return Node that is the shape.
*/
protected Node buildShape() {
//The shape. The constructor specifies 8 vertices, that both
//vertices and normals are to be defined and that there are
//24 normals to be specified (4 for each of the 6 faces).
IndexedQuadArray indexedCube = new IndexedQuadArray(8,
IndexedQuadArray.COORDINATES | IndexedQuadArray.NORMALS, 24);
//The vertex coordinates defined as an array of points.
Point3f[] cubeCoordinates = { new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f), new Point3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f),
new Point3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f) };
//The vertex normals defined as an array of vectors
Vector3f[] normals = { new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f),
new Vector3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),
new Vector3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f), new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f) };
//Define the indices used to reference vertex array
int coordIndices[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 5, 4, 0, 3, 7, 4, 5, 6, 2, 1,
0, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 2 };
//Define the indices used to reference normal array
int normalIndices[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,
4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5 };
//Set the data
indexedCube.setCoordinates(0, cubeCoordinates);
indexedCube.setNormals(0, normals);
indexedCube.setCoordinateIndices(0, coordIndices);
indexedCube.setNormalIndices(0, normalIndices);
//Define an appearance for the shape
Appearance app = new Appearance();
Color3f ambientColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f emissiveColour = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
Color3f specularColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
Color3f diffuseColour = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
float shininess = 20.0f;
app.setMaterial(new Material(ambientColour, emissiveColour,
diffuseColour, specularColour, shininess));
//Create and return the shape
return new Shape3D(indexedCube, app);
}
/**
* Handles the exit button action to quit the program.
*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
dispose();
System.exit(0);
}
public SimpleIndexedQuadNormals() {
VirtualUniverse myUniverse = new VirtualUniverse();
Locale myLocale = new Locale(myUniverse);
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildViewBranch(myCanvas3D));
myLocale.addBranchGraph(buildContentBranch(buildShape()));
setTitle("SimpleIndexedQuadNormals");
setSize(400, 400);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
add("Center", myCanvas3D);
add("South", myButton);
myButton.addActionListener(this);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SimpleIndexedQuadNormals siqn = new SimpleIndexedQuadNormals();
}
}
</source>
Stereo Girl
<source lang="java">
// //Copyright 2001 Resplendent Technology Ltd. greg@resplendent.ru import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.FlowLayout; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.net.URL; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.PhysicalBody; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.View; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.Scene; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.objectfile.ObjectFile; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.keyboard.KeyNavigatorBehavior; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.mouse.MouseRotate; import com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.mouse.MouseTranslate; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class StereoGirl extends Applet {
private Canvas3D c1 = new Canvas3D(SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration());
private Canvas3D c2 = new Canvas3D(SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration());
private static MainFrame mf;
private SimpleUniverse u = null;
private BranchGroup scene = null;
private String URLString = "http://216.250.225.154/renee.obj";
public void init() {
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration();
String v = getParameter("url");
if (v != null) {
URLString = v;
}
c1.setSize(140, 140);
c1.setMonoscopicViewPolicy(View.LEFT_EYE_VIEW);
add(c1);
c2.setSize(140, 140);
c2.setMonoscopicViewPolicy(View.RIGHT_EYE_VIEW);
add(c2);
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
scene = createSceneGraph(0);
u = new SimpleUniverse(c1);
View view0 = u.getViewer().getView();
View view = new View();
PhysicalBody myBod = view0.getPhysicalBody();
myBod.setLeftEyePosition(new Point3d(-.006, 0.0, 0.0)); // default
// is(-0.033,
// 0.0, 0.0)
myBod.setRightEyePosition(new Point3d(+.006, 0.0, 0.0));
view.setPhysicalBody(myBod);
view.setPhysicalEnvironment(view0.getPhysicalEnvironment());
view.attachViewPlatform(u.getViewingPlatform().getViewPlatform());
view.addCanvas3D(c2);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
u.addBranchGraph(scene);
}
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph(int i) {
System.out.println("Creating scene for: " + URLString);
// Create the root of the branch graph
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
try {
Transform3D myTransform3D = new Transform3D();
myTransform3D.setTranslation(new Vector3f(+0.0f, -0.1f, -1.2f));
TransformGroup objTrans = new TransformGroup(myTransform3D);
objTrans.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
Transform3D t = new Transform3D();
TransformGroup tg = new TransformGroup(t);
tg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);
tg.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objTrans.addChild(tg);
URL url = new URL(URLString);
ObjectFile f = new ObjectFile();
f.setFlags(ObjectFile.RESIZE | ObjectFile.TRIANGULATE
| ObjectFile.STRIPIFY);
System.out.println("About to load");
Scene s = f.load(url);
tg.addChild(s.getSceneGroup());
System.out.println("Finished Loading");
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0,
0.0), 100.0);
Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(.9f, 0.8f, 0.8f);
Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(4.0f, -7.0f, -12.0f);
DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(light1Color,
light1Direction);
light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objTrans.addChild(light1);
// Set up the ambient light
Color3f ambientColor = new Color3f(1.0f, .4f, 0.3f);
AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(ambientColor);
ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
objTrans.addChild(ambientLightNode);
MouseRotate behavior = new MouseRotate();
behavior.setTransformGroup(tg);
objTrans.addChild(behavior);
// Create the translate behavior node
MouseTranslate behavior3 = new MouseTranslate();
behavior3.setTransformGroup(tg);
objTrans.addChild(behavior3);
behavior3.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
KeyNavigatorBehavior keyNavBeh = new KeyNavigatorBehavior(tg);
keyNavBeh.setSchedulingBounds(new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(),
1000.0));
objTrans.addChild(keyNavBeh);
behavior.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objRoot.addChild(objTrans);
} catch (Throwable t) {
System.out.println("Error: " + t);
}
return objRoot;
}
public StereoGirl() {
}
public void destroy() {
u.removeAllLocales();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
StereoGirl s = new StereoGirl();
if (args.length > 0) {
s.URLString = args[0];
}
mf = new MainFrame(s, 400, 200);
}
}
</source>
Teapot
<source lang="java">
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.IncorrectFormatException; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.ParsingErrorException; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.Scene; import com.sun.j3d.loaders.objectfile.ObjectFile; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; /**
* !Diese Klasse wurde fur das Laden uber ein JAR-Archiv oder Applet welches ein * JAR - Archiv nutzt angepasst Um das Programm als einfache Applikation uber * einen class-File laufen zu lassen bitte auf den Code zum Einladen der OBJ * Datei im Tutorial zuruckgreifen! */
public class Phong extends Applet {
/**
* init Methoden fur die Darstellung als Applet
*/
public void init() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse
.getPreferredConfiguration();
canvas3D = new Canvas3D(config);
add("Center", canvas3D);
BranchGroup szene = macheSzene();
szene.rupile();
universe = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
universe.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
universe.addBranchGraph(szene);
}
/**
* Erstellt den Szenegraphen
*
* @return BranchGroup
*/
public BranchGroup macheSzene() {
BranchGroup objWurzel = new BranchGroup();
// Transformation, 2 Rotationen:
Transform3D drehung = new Transform3D();
Transform3D drehung2 = new Transform3D();
drehung.rotX(Math.PI / 4.0d);
drehung2.rotY(Math.PI / 5.0d);
drehung.mul(drehung2);
TransformGroup objDreh = new TransformGroup(drehung);
//Loader
ObjectFile file = new ObjectFile(ObjectFile.RESIZE);
Scene scene = null;
try {
scene = file.load(ClassLoader.getSystemResource("teapot.obj"));
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println(e);
System.exit(1);
}
objDreh.addChild(scene.getSceneGroup());
DirectionalLight d_Licht = new DirectionalLight(new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f,
1.0f), new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f));
d_Licht.setInfluencingBounds(new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0d, 0.0d,
0.0d), 100.0d));
objDreh.addChild(d_Licht);
objWurzel.addChild(objDreh);
return objWurzel;
}
/**
* gibt speicher frei
*/
public void destroy() {
universe.removeAllLocales();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
frame = new MainFrame(new Phong(), 500, 500);
frame.setTitle("Phong");
}
//---- Attribute -----------------------
private SimpleUniverse universe;
private Canvas3D canvas3D;
private static Frame frame;
}
</source>
<source lang="java">
/*
* GeomInfoApp.java 1.0 99/02/19
*
* Copyright (c) 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use,
* modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form,
* provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of
* the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner
* which is disparaging to Sun.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY
* IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
* NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
* OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS
* LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT,
* INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
* OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
* OF SUCH DAMAGES.
*
* This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of
* aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in
* the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility.
* Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or redistribute the
* Software for such purposes.
*/
/*
* GeomInfoApp.java demonstrates the use of the GeometryInfo class and related * classes. * * This program creates a car shape (not a fancy car, though) using GeometryInfo * objects. One GeometryInfo object specifies the side of the car using a * polygon (not a triangle, nor a quad). The GeometryInfo and other classes * convert the polygons into a triangle strips with normals. * * Note that about half of the source code just specifies the input data to the * GeometryInfo objects. The interesting part starts around line 210. * * An alternative data set is provided (in the comments) for further * experimentation - see the tutorial text. */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.AmbientLight; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.ColoringAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.LineArray; import javax.media.j3d.LineAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.LineStripArray; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.PolygonAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.GeometryInfo; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.NormalGenerator; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Stripifier; import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.Triangulator; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class GeomInfoApp extends Applet {
float[] createCoordinateData() {
float[] data = new float[69 * 3]; // ******
int i = 0;
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //0
data[i++] = -0.9f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //1
data[i++] = -0.8f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //2
data[i++] = -0.6f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //3
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //4
data[i++] = 0.2f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //5
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //6
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //7
data[i++] = 0.6f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //8
data[i++] = 1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //9
data[i++] = 1.2f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //10
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //11
data[i++] = 0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //12
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //13
data[i++] = -1.1f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //14
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //15
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; //16
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 0 17
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 1 18
data[i++] = -1.1f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 2 19
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 3 20
data[i++] = 0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 4 21
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 5 22
data[i++] = 1.2f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 6 23
data[i++] = 1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 7 24
data[i++] = 0.6f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 8 25
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 9 26
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; //10 27
data[i++] = 0.2f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; //11 28
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; //12 29
data[i++] = -0.6f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; //13 30
data[i++] = -0.8f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; //14 31
data[i++] = -0.9f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; //15 32
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; //16 33
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
data[i++] = 1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 0 34
data[i++] = 1.2f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 1 35
data[i++] = 1.2f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 2 36
data[i++] = 1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 3 37
data[i++] = 1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 4 38
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
data[i++] = 1.2f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 0 39
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 1 40
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 2 41
data[i++] = 1.2f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 3 42
data[i++] = 1.2f;
data[i++] = -0.1f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 4 43
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 0 44
data[i++] = 0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 1 45
data[i++] = 0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 2 46
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 3 47
data[i++] = 0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 4 48
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
data[i++] = 0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 0 49
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 1 50
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 2 51
data[i++] = 0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 3 52
data[i++] = 0.1f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 4 53
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 0 54
data[i++] = -1.1f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 1 55
data[i++] = -1.1f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 2 56
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 3 57
data[i++] = -0.5f;
data[i++] = 0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 4 58
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
data[i++] = -1.1f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 0 59
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 1 60
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 2 61
data[i++] = -1.1f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 3 62
data[i++] = -1.1f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 4 63
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 0 64
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 1 65
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = -0.3f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 2 66
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = 0.3f; // 3 67
data[i++] = -1.3f;
data[i++] = 0.0f;
data[i++] = -0.3f; // 4 68
System.out.println("end polygon; total vertex count: " + i / 3);
// ****** This is the data for the hood, roof, trunk, front and rear
// glass
// ****** remove the comments markers below (slash-star) and (star
// slash)
// ****** and add the appropriate comment markers above.
// ****** modification of other lines of code is necessary to use this
// data
// ****** one line above and two lines below
/*
* data[i++]= 1.3f; data[i++]= -0.3f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 0 35
* data[i++]= 1.2f; data[i++]= -0.1f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 1 36
* data[i++]= 0.5f; data[i++]= 0.0f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 2 37 data[i++]=
* 0.1f; data[i++]= 0.3f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 3 38 data[i++]= -0.5f;
* data[i++]= 0.3f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 4 39 data[i++]= -1.1f;
* data[i++]= 0.0f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 5 40 data[i++]= -1.3f;
* data[i++]= 0.0f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 6 41 data[i++]= -1.3f;
* data[i++]= -0.3f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 7 42 data[i++]= -1.3f;
* data[i++]= -0.3f; data[i++]= 0.3f; // 8 43 data[i++]= -1.3f;
* data[i++]= 0.0f; data[i++]= 0.3f; // 9 44 data[i++]= -1.1f;
* data[i++]= 0.0f; data[i++]= 0.3f; // 10 45 data[i++]= -0.5f;
* data[i++]= 0.3f; data[i++]= 0.3f; // 11 46 data[i++]= 0.1f;
* data[i++]= 0.3f; data[i++]= 0.3f; // 12 47 data[i++]= 0.5f;
* data[i++]= 0.0f; data[i++]= 0.3f; // 13 48 data[i++]= 1.2f;
* data[i++]= -0.1f; data[i++]= 0.3f; // 14 49 data[i++]= 1.3f;
* data[i++]= -0.3f; data[i++]= 0.3f; // 15 50 data[i++]= 1.3f;
* data[i++]= -0.3f; data[i++]=-0.3f; // 16 51 System.out.println("end
* polygon; total vertex count: "+i/3);
*/
// ****** end of the alternative polygon data
return data;
}
Appearance createMaterialAppearance() {
Appearance materialAppear = new Appearance();
PolygonAttributes polyAttrib = new PolygonAttributes();
polyAttrib.setCullFace(PolygonAttributes.CULL_NONE);
materialAppear.setPolygonAttributes(polyAttrib);
Material material = new Material();
material.setDiffuseColor(new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
materialAppear.setMaterial(material);
return materialAppear;
}
Appearance createWireFrameAppearance() {
Appearance materialAppear = new Appearance();
PolygonAttributes polyAttrib = new PolygonAttributes();
polyAttrib.setPolygonMode(PolygonAttributes.POLYGON_LINE);
materialAppear.setPolygonAttributes(polyAttrib);
ColoringAttributes redColoring = new ColoringAttributes();
redColoring.setColor(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
materialAppear.setColoringAttributes(redColoring);
return materialAppear;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create scene graph branch group
//
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph(boolean wireFrame) {
int total = 0;
System.out.println("\n --- geometry debug information --- \n");
float[] coordinateData = null;
coordinateData = createCoordinateData();
int[] stripCount = { 17, 17, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5 }; // ******
// int[] stripCount = {17,17,17}; // ******
for (int i = 0; i < stripCount.length; i++) {
System.out.println("stripCount[" + i + "] = " + stripCount[i]);
total += stripCount[i];
}
if (total != coordinateData.length / 3) {
System.out.println(" coordinateData vertex count: "
+ coordinateData.length / 3);
System.out.println("stripCount total vertex count: " + total);
}
GeometryInfo gi = new GeometryInfo(GeometryInfo.POLYGON_ARRAY);
gi.setCoordinates(coordinateData);
gi.setStripCounts(stripCount);
Triangulator tr = new Triangulator();
// Triangulator tr = new Triangulator(1);
System.out.println("begin triangulation");
tr.triangulate(gi);
System.out.println(" END triangulation");
gi.recomputeIndices();
NormalGenerator ng = new NormalGenerator();
ng.generateNormals(gi);
gi.recomputeIndices();
Stripifier st = new Stripifier();
st.stripify(gi);
gi.recomputeIndices();
Shape3D part = new Shape3D();
if (wireFrame == true)
part.setAppearance(createWireFrameAppearance());
else
part.setAppearance(createMaterialAppearance());
part.setGeometry(gi.getGeometryArray());
/////////////////////////////
BranchGroup contentRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Create the transform group node and initialize it to the
// identity. Add it to the root of the subgraph.
TransformGroup objSpin = new TransformGroup();
objSpin.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
contentRoot.addChild(objSpin);
objSpin.addChild(part);
////////////////////////
LineStripArray lineArray = new LineStripArray(69,
LineArray.COORDINATES, stripCount); //*****
// LineStripArray lineArray = new LineStripArray(51,
// LineArray.COORDINATES, stripCount); //*****
lineArray.setCoordinates(0, coordinateData);
Appearance blueColorAppearance = new Appearance();
ColoringAttributes blueColoring = new ColoringAttributes();
blueColoring.setColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
blueColorAppearance.setColoringAttributes(blueColoring);
LineAttributes lineAttrib = new LineAttributes();
lineAttrib.setLineWidth(2.0f);
blueColorAppearance.setLineAttributes(lineAttrib);
objSpin.addChild(new Shape3D(lineArray, blueColorAppearance));
Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, 16000);
RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha,
objSpin);
// a bounding sphere specifies a region a behavior is active
// create a sphere centered at the origin with radius of 1
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere();
rotator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objSpin.addChild(rotator);
DirectionalLight lightD = new DirectionalLight();
lightD.setDirection(new Vector3f(0.0f, -0.7f, -0.7f));
lightD.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
contentRoot.addChild(lightD);
AmbientLight lightA = new AmbientLight();
lightA.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
contentRoot.addChild(lightA);
Background background = new Background();
background.setColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
background.setApplicationBounds(bounds);
contentRoot.addChild(background);
// Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph.
// contentRoot.rupile();
return contentRoot;
} // end of CreateSceneGraph method of MobiusApp
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
public GeomInfoApp(String[] args) {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Canvas3D canvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
add("Center", canvas3D);
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph(args.length > 0);
// SimpleUniverse is a Convenience Utility class
SimpleUniverse simpleU = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
simpleU.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
simpleU.addBranchGraph(scene);
} // end of GeomInfoApp constructor
// The following allows this to be run as an application
// as well as an applet
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.print("GeomInfoApp - Java 3D API demo program\n");
System.out.print("A demonstration of using the GeometryInfo class.\n");
System.out.print("The blue lines show the input geometry - the red ");
System.out
.print("geometry was created by the GeometryInfo and other classes.\n");
System.out
.print("Running the program without any command line arguments will show a solid object\n");
System.out
.print("Supplying any command line argument will show the wireframe.\n");
System.out.print("http://www.sun.ru/desktop/java3d\n");
Frame frame = new MainFrame(new GeomInfoApp(args), 256, 256);
} // end of main method of MobiusApp
} // end of class GeomInfoApp
</source>
Twist Strip visual object
<source lang="java">
/*
* LitTwistApp.java 1.0 99/02/19
*
* Copyright (c) 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use,
* modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form,
* provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of
* the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner
* which is disparaging to Sun.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY
* IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
* NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
* OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS
* LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT,
* INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
* OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
* OF SUCH DAMAGES.
*
* This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of
* aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in
* the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility.
* Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or redistribute the
* Software for such purposes.
*/
/*
* LitTwistApp.java is intended to demonstrate lighting complex surfaces A Twist * strip is a continuous surface with a complete twist in it. (As opposed to a * half-twist which would make a Mobius Strip.) The Class Twist creates a * surface using a TriangleStripArray. A Twist strip is placed in a scene graph * with a RotationInterpolator so the strip spins. * * One Twist strip is created using the inner class (Twist). This visual object * is rendered as filled polygons. * * This application (or a version of it) generated one or more of the images in * Chapter 6 of Getting Started with the Java 3D API. The Java 3D Turtorial. * * See http://www.sun.ru/desktop/java3d/collateral for more information. * */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.Background; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.DirectionalLight; import javax.media.j3d.Geometry; import javax.media.j3d.Material; import javax.media.j3d.PolygonAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.TriangleStripArray; import javax.vecmath.Color3f; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class LitTwistApp extends Applet {
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create Twist Strip visual object
//
public class Twist extends Shape3D {
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create twisted strip subgraph
//
public Twist() {
this.setGeometry(createGeometry());
this.setAppearance(createAppearance());
} // end of Twist constructor
Geometry createGeometry() {
TriangleStripArray twistStrip;
Color3f blue = new Color3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
// create triangle strip for Twist
int N = 80;
int stripCounts[] = { N };
twistStrip = new TriangleStripArray(
N,
TriangleStripArray.COORDINATES | TriangleStripArray.NORMALS,
stripCounts);
double a;
int v;
Vector3f norm = new Vector3f();
for (v = 0, a = 0.0; v < N; v += 2, a = v * 2.0 * Math.PI / (N - 2)) {
twistStrip.setCoordinate(v, new Point3d(0.7 * Math.cos(a) + 0.2
* Math.sin(a), -0.3 * Math.cos(a), 0.7 * Math.sin(a)
+ 0.2 * Math.sin(a)));
twistStrip.setCoordinate(v + 1, new Point3d(0.7 * Math.cos(a)
- 0.2 * Math.sin(a), 0.3 * Math.cos(a), 0.7
* Math.sin(a) - 0.2 * Math.sin(a)));
norm.set((float) (Math.abs(Math.cos(a))), (float) Math.abs(Math
.sin(a)), (float) (Math.cos(a) * Math.sin(a)));
norm.normalize();
twistStrip.setNormal(v, norm);
twistStrip.setNormal(v + 1, norm);
}
return twistStrip;
}
// create Appearance for Twist Strip
//
// this method creates the default Appearance for the
// twist strip. The commented line of code containting
// the setCullFace will fix the problem of half of the
// Twist Strip disappearing.
Appearance createAppearance() {
Appearance twistAppear = new Appearance();
PolygonAttributes polyAttrib = new PolygonAttributes();
polyAttrib.setCullFace(PolygonAttributes.CULL_NONE);
polyAttrib.setBackFaceNormalFlip(true);
twistAppear.setPolygonAttributes(polyAttrib);
Material material = new Material();
twistAppear.setMaterial(material);
return twistAppear;
}
} // end of class Twist
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create scene graph branch group
//
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph() {
BranchGroup contentRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Create the transform group node and initialize it to the
// identity. Add it to the root of the subgraph.
TransformGroup objSpin = new TransformGroup();
objSpin.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
contentRoot.addChild(objSpin);
Shape3D twist = new Twist();
objSpin.addChild(twist);
Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, 16000);
RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha,
objSpin);
// a bounding sphere specifies a region a behavior is active
// create a sphere centered at the origin with radius of 1.5
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere();
bounds.setRadius(1.5);
rotator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objSpin.addChild(rotator);
DirectionalLight lightD = new DirectionalLight();
lightD.setInfluencingBounds(bounds);
contentRoot.addChild(lightD);
Background background = new Background();
background.setColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
background.setApplicationBounds(bounds);
contentRoot.addChild(background);
// Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph.
// contentRoot.rupile();
return contentRoot;
} // end of CreateSceneGraph method of LitTwistApp
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
public LitTwistApp() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Canvas3D canvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
add("Center", canvas3D);
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph();
// SimpleUniverse is a Convenience Utility class
SimpleUniverse simpleU = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
simpleU.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
simpleU.addBranchGraph(scene);
} // end of LitTwistApp constructor
// The following allows this to be run as an application
// as well as an applet
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("LitTwistApp - Java 3D");
System.out.println("A demonstration of lights.");
Frame frame = new MainFrame(new LitTwistApp(), 256, 256);
} // end of main method of TwistApp
} // end of class LitTwistApp
</source>
VolRend
Yoyo Line
<source lang="java">
/*
* YoyoLineApp.java 1.0 98/11/23
*
* Copyright (c) 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use,
* modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form,
* provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of
* the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner
* which is disparaging to Sun.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY
* IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
* NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
* OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS
* LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT,
* INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
* OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
* OF SUCH DAMAGES.
*
* This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of
* aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in
* the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility.
* Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or redistribute the
* Software for such purposes.
*/
/*
* Getting Started with the Java 3D API written in Java 3D * * YoyoLineApp.java demonstrates using Appearance attributes to display only the * lines from a more complex geometry. */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Frame; import javax.media.j3d.Alpha; import javax.media.j3d.Appearance; import javax.media.j3d.BoundingSphere; import javax.media.j3d.BranchGroup; import javax.media.j3d.Canvas3D; import javax.media.j3d.Geometry; import javax.media.j3d.PolygonAttributes; import javax.media.j3d.RotationInterpolator; import javax.media.j3d.Shape3D; import javax.media.j3d.Transform3D; import javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup; import javax.media.j3d.TriangleFanArray; import javax.vecmath.Point3d; import javax.vecmath.Point3f; import com.sun.j3d.utils.applet.MainFrame; import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.SimpleUniverse; public class YoyoLineApp extends Applet {
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create scene graph branch group
//
public class Yoyo extends Shape3D {
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create Shape3D with geometry and appearance
// the geometry is created in method yoyoGeometry
// the appearance is created in method yoyoAppearance
//
public Yoyo() {
this.setGeometry(yoyoGeometry());
this.setAppearance(yoyoAppearance());
} // end of Yoyo constructor
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create yoyo geometry
// four triangle fans represent the yoyo
// strip indicies_______________
// 0 0N+0 to 1N+0 ( 0 to N )
// 1 1N+1 to 2N+1
// 2 2N+2 to 3N+2
// 3 3N+4 to 4N+3
//
private Geometry yoyoGeometry() {
TriangleFanArray tfa;
int N = 17;
int totalN = 4 * (N + 1);
Point3f coords[] = new Point3f[totalN];
int stripCounts[] = { N + 1, N + 1, N + 1, N + 1 };
float r = 0.6f;
float w = 0.4f;
int n;
double a;
float x, y;
// set the central points for four triangle fan strips
coords[0 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, w);
coords[1 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
coords[2 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
coords[3 * (N + 1)] = new Point3f(0.0f, 0.0f, -w);
for (a = 0, n = 0; n < N; a = 2.0 * Math.PI / (N - 1) * ++n) {
x = (float) (r * Math.cos(a));
y = (float) (r * Math.sin(a));
coords[0 * (N + 1) + n + 1] = new Point3f(x, y, w);
coords[1 * (N + 1) + N - n] = new Point3f(x, y, w);
coords[2 * (N + 1) + n + 1] = new Point3f(x, y, -w);
coords[3 * (N + 1) + N - n] = new Point3f(x, y, -w);
}
tfa = new TriangleFanArray(totalN, TriangleFanArray.COORDINATES,
stripCounts);
tfa.setCoordinates(0, coords);
return tfa;
} // end of method yoyoGeometry in class Yoyo
////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create yoyo appearance
//
private Appearance yoyoAppearance() {
Appearance appearance = new Appearance();
PolygonAttributes polyAttrib = new PolygonAttributes();
polyAttrib.setPolygonMode(PolygonAttributes.POLYGON_LINE);
appearance.setPolygonAttributes(polyAttrib);
return appearance;
} // end of method yoyoAppearance of class Yoyo
} // end of class Yoyo
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// create scene graph branch group
//
public BranchGroup createSceneGraph() {
BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup();
// Create the transform group node and initialize it to the
// identity. Enable the TRANSFORM_WRITE capability so that
// our behavior code can modify it at runtime. Add it to the
// root of the subgraph.
TransformGroup objSpin = new TransformGroup();
objSpin.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);
objRoot.addChild(objSpin);
objSpin.addChild(new Yoyo());
// Create a new Behavior object that will perform the desired
// operation on the specified transform object and add it into
// the scene graph.
Transform3D yAxis = new Transform3D();
Alpha rotationAlpha = new Alpha(-1, 4000);
RotationInterpolator rotator = new RotationInterpolator(rotationAlpha,
objSpin);
BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
100.0);
rotator.setSchedulingBounds(bounds);
objSpin.addChild(rotator);
// Let Java 3D perform optimizations on this scene graph.
objRoot.rupile();
return objRoot;
} // end of CreateSceneGraph method of YoyoLineApp
// Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe
public YoyoLineApp() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
Canvas3D canvas3D = new Canvas3D(null);
add("Center", canvas3D);
BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph();
// SimpleUniverse is a Convenience Utility class
SimpleUniverse simpleU = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3D);
// This will move the ViewPlatform back a bit so the
// objects in the scene can be viewed.
simpleU.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform();
simpleU.addBranchGraph(scene);
} // end of YoyoLineApp constructor
// The following allows this to be run as an application
// as well as an applet
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new MainFrame(new YoyoLineApp(), 256, 256);
} // end of main method of YoyoLineApp
} // end of class YoyoLineApp
</source>
