Java/JPA/EJB Query Language

Содержание

1 Aggregate function: AVG
2 Aggregate function: Count And Avg
3 All Operator in EJB QL
4 Any With Subquery
5 AVG With GroupBy clause
6 Between...And
7 Conditional operator: AND
8 Count Collection
9 Count Entities
10 Create Sub Query With Entities
11 Distinct function
12 EJB QL: Concat Function With Substring
13 EJB QL: Having clause
14 EJB QL: Where Clause With SubQuery
15 Empty Value
16 Entity Join With Condition
17 Escape wildcard
18 Get String Properties From Entities
19 Get Two Properties From Entity
20 Group By With Count
21 Join Fetch
22 Join Three Entities
23 Join Two Entities in Many To One Mapping
24 Join Two Entities in One To One Mapping
25 Left Join
26 Match Single Character And Multiple Characters
27 MemberOf function
28 Not Empty
29 Not Exist With Subquery
30 Not IN
31 OBJECT Funtion
32 Order By Descending
33 Order By Two Columns
34 Reference Two Entities In Where Clause
35 Retrieve Entity Fields
36 Retrieve Inner Entity
37 Retrieve in One to Many Mapping
38 Select Two Entities
39 Simple Select statement
40 Subquery in EJB QL
41 Use In With One To One Mapping
42 Use OrderBy Clause
43 Use Size Function To Check Collection
44 Using Exists clause
45 Using In function

Aggregate function: AVG

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT AVG(e.salary) FROM Professor e");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Aggregate function: Count And Avg

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d.name, COUNT(e), AVG(e.salary) FROM Department d JOIN d.employees e GROUP BY d.name");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

All Operator in EJB QL

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e.salary < ALL (SELECT d.salary FROM e.directs d)");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Any With Subquery

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e.department = ANY (SELECT DISTINCT d FROM Department d)");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

AVG With GroupBy clause

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d.name, AVG(e.salary) FROM Department d JOIN d.employees e GROUP BY d.name");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Between...And

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e.salary BETWEEN 40 AND 50");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Conditional operator: AND

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e.salary >= 40 AND e.salary <= 50");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Count Collection

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d WHERE (SELECT COUNT(e) FROM d.employees e) = 2");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Count Entities

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT COUNT(e), AVG(e.salary) FROM Professor e");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Create Sub Query With Entities

File: Professor.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.NamedQueries;
import javax.persistence.NamedQuery;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
@NamedQuery(name="findHighestPaidByDepartment",
    query="SELECT e " +
          "FROM Professor e " +
          "WHERE e.department = :dept AND " +
          "      e.salary = (SELECT MAX(e2.salary) " +
          "                  FROM Professor e2 " +
          "                  WHERE e2.department = :dept)")
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs;
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToMany 
    private Collection<Project> projects;
    public Professor() {
        projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
        directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", dept: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getName());
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Collection<Professor> employees;
    public Department() {
        employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    }
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.NoResultException;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public Professor findHighestPaidByDepartment(Department dept) {
    try {
        return (Professor) em.createNamedQuery("findHighestPaidByDepartment")
                            .setParameter("dept", dept)
                            .getSingleResult();
    } catch (NoResultException e) {
        return null;
    }
}
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="projects")
    private Collection<Professor> employees;
    public Project() {
        employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Project id: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
   
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    util.checkData("select * from Department");
    
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Distinct function

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT DISTINCT e.department FROM Professor e");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

EJB QL: Concat Function With Substring

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executeUpdate("UPDATE Phone p SET p.number = CONCAT("0",SUBSTRING(p.number,LOCATE(p.number, "-"), 4)), p.type = "Business" ");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

EJB QL: Having clause

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d.name, AVG(e.salary) FROM Department d JOIN d.employees e " +
        "WHERE e.directs IS EMPTY " +
        "GROUP BY d.name " +
        "HAVING AVG(e.salary) > 50"
);
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

EJB QL: Where Clause With SubQuery

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT m FROM Professor m WHERE (SELECT COUNT(e) FROM Professor e WHERE e.manager = m) > 0");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Empty Value

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT p FROM Project p WHERE p.employees IS NOT EMPTY");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Entity Join With Condition

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT DISTINCT e.department FROM Project p JOIN p.employees e WHERE p.name = "proj"");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Escape wildcard

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d WHERE d.name LIKE "Q\\_%" ESCAPE "\\"");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Get String Properties From Entities

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e.name FROM Professor e");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");

    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Get Two Properties From Entity

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e.name, e.salary FROM Professor e");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Group By With Count

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d.name, COUNT(e) FROM Department d JOIN d.employees e GROUP BY d.name");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Join Fetch

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e JOIN FETCH e.address");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Join Three Entities

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT DISTINCT p FROM Department d JOIN d.employees e JOIN e.projects p");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Join Two Entities in Many To One Mapping

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d FROM Professor e JOIN e.department d");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Join Two Entities in One To One Mapping

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT p FROM Professor e JOIN e.phones p");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Left Join

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e, d  FROM Professor e LEFT JOIN e.department d");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Match Single Character And Multiple Characters

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d WHERE d.name LIKE "__Eng%"");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

MemberOf function

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e MEMBER OF e.directs");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Not Empty

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e.directs IS NOT EMPTY");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Not Exist With Subquery

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT p FROM e.phones p)");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Not IN

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e.address.state NOT IN ("NY", "CA")");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

OBJECT Funtion

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT OBJECT(d) FROM Department d");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");

    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Order By Descending

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e ORDER BY e.name DESC");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Order By Two Columns

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e JOIN e.department d ORDER BY d.name, e.name DESC");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Reference Two Entities In Where Clause

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d, Professor e WHERE d = e.department");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Retrieve Entity Fields

File: Address.java
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
  @Id
  private int id;
  private String street;
  private String city;
  private String state;
  private String zip;
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getStreet() {
    return street;
  }
  public void setStreet(String address) {
    this.street = address;
  }
  public String getCity() {
    return city;
  }
  public void setCity(String city) {
    this.city = city;
  }
  public String getState() {
    return state;
  }
  public void setState(String state) {
    this.state = state;
  }
  public String getZip() {
    return zip;
  }
  public void setZip(String zip) {
    this.zip = zip;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "Address id: " + getId() + ", street: " + getStreet() + ", city: " + getCity()
        + ", state: " + getState() + ", zip: " + getZip();
  }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.EntityResult;
import javax.persistence.FieldResult;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.SqlResultSetMapping;
import javax.persistence.SqlResultSetMappings;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "EMP")
@SqlResultSetMappings( { 
  
  @SqlResultSetMapping(
      name="ProfessorWithAddressColumnAlias",
      entities={@EntityResult(entityClass=Professor.class,
                              fields=@FieldResult(name="id", column="EMP_ID")),
                @EntityResult(entityClass=Address.class)}
  )
})
public class Professor {
  @Id
  @Column(name = "EMP_ID")
  private int id;
  private String name;
  private long salary;
  @OneToOne
  private Address address;
  @ManyToOne
  @JoinColumn(name = "DEPT_ID")
  private Department department;
  @ManyToOne
  @JoinColumn(name = "MANAGER_ID")
  private Professor manager;
  @OneToMany(mappedBy = "manager")
  private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  public long getSalary() {
    return salary;
  }
  public void setSalary(long salary) {
    this.salary = salary;
  }
  public Address getAddress() {
    return address;
  }
  public void setAddress(Address address) {
    this.address = address;
  }
  public Department getDepartment() {
    return department;
  }
  public void setDepartment(Department department) {
    this.department = department;
  }
  public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
    return directs;
  }
  public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
    if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
      getDirects().add(employee);
      if (employee.getManager() != null) {
        employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
      }
      employee.setManager(this);
    }
  }
  public Professor getManager() {
    return manager;
  }
  public void setManager(Professor manager) {
    this.manager = manager;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "Professor id: " + getId() + " name: " + getName() + " with MgrId: "
        + (getManager() == null ? null : getManager().getId());
  }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List findWithAlias() {
    Query query = em.createNativeQuery(
        "SELECT emp.emp_id AS emp_id, name, salary, manager_id, dept_id, address_id, "
            + "address.id, street, city, state, zip " + "FROM emp, address "
            + "WHERE address_id = id", "ProfessorWithAddressColumnAlias");
    return query.getResultList();
  }
}

File: Department.java
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Department {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private int id;
  private String name;
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String deptName) {
    this.name = deptName;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "Department id: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();

    service.findWithAlias();
    
    util.checkData("select * from EMP");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Retrieve Inner Entity

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e.department FROM Professor e");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Retrieve in One to Many Mapping

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d.employees FROM Department d");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Select Two Entities

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d, m  FROM Department d, Professor m WHERE d = m.department");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Simple Select statement

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");

    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Subquery in EJB QL

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e.salary = (SELECT MAX(e2.salary) FROM Professor e2)");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Use In With One To One Mapping

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT DISTINCT p FROM Professor e, IN(e.phones) p");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Use OrderBy Clause

File: Department.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OrderBy;
@Entity
public class Department {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private int id;
  private String name;
  @OneToMany(mappedBy = "department")
  @OrderBy("name ASC")
  private List<Professor> employees;
  public Department() {
    employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
  }
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String deptName) {
    this.name = deptName;
  }
  public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
    if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
      getProfessors().add(employee);
      if (employee.getDepartment() != null) {
        employee.getDepartment().getProfessors().remove(employee);
      }
      employee.setDepartment(this);
    }
  }
  public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
    return employees;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "Department id: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();
  }
}

File: Professor.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor id: " + getId() + " name: " + getName() + 
               " with " + getDepartment();
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public Department createDepartment(String name) {
    Department dept = new Department();
    dept.setName(name);
    em.persist(dept);
    
    return dept;
}
public Collection<Department> findAllDepartments() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d");
    return (Collection<Department>) query.getResultList();
}
public Professor createProfessor(String name, long salary) {
    Professor emp = new Professor();
    emp.setName(name);
    emp.setSalary(salary);
    em.persist(emp);
    
    return emp;
}
public Professor setProfessorDepartment(int empId, int deptId) {
    Professor emp = em.find(Professor.class, empId);
    Department dept = em.find(Department.class, deptId);
    dept.addProfessor(emp);
    return emp;
}
public Collection<Professor> findAllProfessors() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e");
    return (Collection<Professor>) query.getResultList();
}
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    Professor emp = service.createProfessor("empName", 100L);
    Department dept = service.createDepartment("deptName");
    emp = service.setProfessorDepartment(emp.getId(),dept.getId());
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment() + " with Professors:");
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment().getProfessors());
    Collection<Professor> emps = service.findAllProfessors();
    if (emps.isEmpty()) {
      System.out.println("No Professors found ");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Found Professors:");
      for (Professor emp1 : emps) {
        System.out.println(emp1);
      }
    }
    Collection<Department> depts = service.findAllDepartments();
    if (depts.isEmpty()) {
      System.out.println("No Departments found ");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Found Departments:");
      for (Department dept1 : depts) {
        System.out.println(dept1 + " with " + dept1.getProfessors().size() + " employees "
            + dept1.getProfessors());
      }
    }
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    util.checkData("select * from Department");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Use Size Function To Check Collection

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d WHERE SIZE(d.employees) = 2");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Using Exists clause

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE EXISTS (SELECT p FROM Phone p WHERE p.employee = e)");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Using In function

File: Main.java
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.executetQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e WHERE e.address.state IN ("NY", "CA")");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: Address.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String street;
    private String city;
    private String state;
    private String zip;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getStreet() {
        return street;
    }
    
    public void setStreet(String address) {
        this.street = address;
    }
    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }
    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }
    public String getZip() {
        return zip;
    }
    public void setZip(String zip) {
        this.zip = zip;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Address id: " + getId() + 
               ", street: " + getStreet() +
               ", city: " + getCity() +
               ", state: " + getState() +
               ", zip: " + getZip();
    }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Set<Professor> employees = new HashSet<Professor>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int deptNo) {
        this.id = deptNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public Set<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
@Entity
public class Phone {
    @Id
    private long id;
    private String number;
    private String type;
    @OneToOne Professor employee;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
    
    public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
        this.number = phoneNo;
    }
    
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    
    public void setType(String phoneType) {
        this.type = phoneType;
    }
    
    public Professor getProfessor() {
        return employee;
    }
    public void setProfessor(Professor employee) {
        this.employee = employee;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Phone id: " + getId() + 
               ", no: " + getNumber() +
               ", type: " + getType();
    }
}

File: Professor.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
    private Date startDate;
    
    @OneToOne
    private Address address;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="employee")
    private Collection<Phone> phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Professor manager;
    
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="manager")
    private Collection<Professor> directs = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="employees")
    private Collection<Project> projects = new ArrayList<Project>();
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int empNo) {
        this.id = empNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    public Date getStartDate() {
        return startDate;
    }
    public void setStartDate(Date startDate) {
        this.startDate = startDate;
    }
    
    public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }
    
    public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
        if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
            getPhones().add(phone);
            if (phone.getProfessor() != null) {
                phone.getProfessor().getPhones().remove(phone);
            }
            phone.setProfessor(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        if (this.department != null) {
            this.department.getProfessors().remove(this);
        }
        this.department = department;
        this.department.getProfessors().add(this);
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getDirects() {
        return directs;
    }
    
    public void addDirect(Professor employee) {
        if (!getDirects().contains(employee)) {
            getDirects().add(employee);
            if (employee.getManager() != null) {
                employee.getManager().getDirects().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setManager(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Professor getManager() {
        return manager;
    }
    
    public void setManager(Professor manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }
    public Collection<Project> getProjects() {
        return projects;
    }
    
    public void addProject(Project project) {
        if (!getProjects().contains(project)) {
            getProjects().add(project);
        }
        if (!project.getProfessors().contains(this)) {
            project.getProfessors().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address; 
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary() +
               ", phones: " + getPhones() +
               ", managerNo: " + ((getManager() == null) ? null : getManager().getId()) +
               ", deptNo: " + ((getDepartment() == null) ? null : getDepartment().getId());
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List executetQuery(String queryString) {
    Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);
    return query.getResultList();
  }
  public void executeUpdate(String updateString) {
    em.createQuery(updateString).executeUpdate();
  }
}

File: Project.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
@Inheritance
public class Project {
    @Id
    protected int id;
    protected String name;
    @ManyToMany
    protected Collection<Professor> employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int projectNo) {
        this.id = projectNo;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String projectName) {
        this.name = projectName;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
        }
        if (!employee.getProjects().contains(this)) {
            employee.getProjects().add(this);
        }
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName().substring(getClass().getName().lastIndexOf(".")+1) + 
                " no: " + getId() + 
                ", name: " + getName();
    }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Java/JPA/EJB Query Language

Содержание

Aggregate function: AVG

Aggregate function: Count And Avg

All Operator in EJB QL

Any With Subquery

AVG With GroupBy clause

Between...And

Conditional operator: AND

Count Collection

Count Entities

Create Sub Query With Entities

Distinct function

EJB QL: Concat Function With Substring

EJB QL: Having clause

EJB QL: Where Clause With SubQuery

Empty Value

Entity Join With Condition

Escape wildcard

Get String Properties From Entities

Get Two Properties From Entity

Group By With Count

Join Fetch

Join Three Entities

Join Two Entities in Many To One Mapping

Join Two Entities in One To One Mapping

Left Join

Match Single Character And Multiple Characters

MemberOf function

Not Empty

Not Exist With Subquery

Not IN

OBJECT Funtion

Order By Descending

Order By Two Columns

Reference Two Entities In Where Clause

Retrieve Entity Fields

Retrieve Inner Entity

Retrieve in One to Many Mapping

Select Two Entities

Simple Select statement

Subquery in EJB QL

Use In With One To One Mapping

Use OrderBy Clause

Use Size Function To Check Collection

Using Exists clause

Using In function

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