Java/JPA/One to Many Mapping

One To Many based on List Collection

File: Department.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.OrderBy;
@Entity
public class Department {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private int id;
  private String name;
  @OneToMany(mappedBy = "department")
  @OrderBy("name ASC")
  private List<Professor> employees;
  public Department() {
    employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
  }
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String deptName) {
    this.name = deptName;
  }
  public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
    if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
      getProfessors().add(employee);
      if (employee.getDepartment() != null) {
        employee.getDepartment().getProfessors().remove(employee);
      }
      employee.setDepartment(this);
    }
  }
  public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
    return employees;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "Department id: " + getId() + ", name: " + getName();
  }
}

File: Professor.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor id: " + getId() + " name: " + getName() + 
               " with " + getDepartment();
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public Department createDepartment(String name) {
    Department dept = new Department();
    dept.setName(name);
    em.persist(dept);
    
    return dept;
}
public Collection<Department> findAllDepartments() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d");
    return (Collection<Department>) query.getResultList();
}
public Professor createProfessor(String name, long salary) {
    Professor emp = new Professor();
    emp.setName(name);
    emp.setSalary(salary);
    em.persist(emp);
    
    return emp;
}
public Professor setProfessorDepartment(int empId, int deptId) {
    Professor emp = em.find(Professor.class, empId);
    Department dept = em.find(Department.class, deptId);
    dept.addProfessor(emp);
    return emp;
}
public Collection<Professor> findAllProfessors() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e");
    return (Collection<Professor>) query.getResultList();
}
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    Professor emp = service.createProfessor("empName", 100L);
    Department dept = service.createDepartment("deptName");
    emp = service.setProfessorDepartment(emp.getId(),dept.getId());
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment() + " with Professors:");
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment().getProfessors());
    Collection<Professor> emps = service.findAllProfessors();
    if (emps.isEmpty()) {
      System.out.println("No Professors found ");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Found Professors:");
      for (Professor emp1 : emps) {
        System.out.println(emp1);
      }
    }
    Collection<Department> depts = service.findAllDepartments();
    if (depts.isEmpty()) {
      System.out.println("No Departments found ");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Found Departments:");
      for (Department dept1 : depts) {
        System.out.println(dept1 + " with " + dept1.getProfessors().size() + " employees "
            + dept1.getProfessors());
      }
    }
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    util.checkData("select * from Department");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

One To Many Bidirectional Mapping

File: Department.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Collection<Professor> employees;
    public Department() {
        employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    }
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
            if (employee.getDepartment() != null) {
                employee.getDepartment().getProfessors().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setDepartment(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department id: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Professor.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor id: " + getId() + " name: " + getName() + 
               " with " + getDepartment();
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public Department createDepartment(String name) {
    Department dept = new Department();
    dept.setName(name);
    em.persist(dept);
    return dept;
  }
  public Collection<Department> findAllDepartments() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d");
    return (Collection<Department>) query.getResultList();
  }
  public Professor createProfessor(String name, long salary) {
    Professor emp = new Professor();
    emp.setName(name);
    emp.setSalary(salary);
    em.persist(emp);
    return emp;
  }
  public Professor setProfessorDepartment(int empId, int deptId) {
    Professor emp = em.find(Professor.class, empId);
    Department dept = em.find(Department.class, deptId);
    dept.addProfessor(emp);
    return emp;
  }
  public Collection<Professor> findAllProfessors() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e");
    return (Collection<Professor>) query.getResultList();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    Professor emp = service.createProfessor("empName",100);
    Department dept = service.createDepartment("deptName");
    emp = service.setProfessorDepartment(emp.getId(),dept.getId());
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment() + " with Professors:");
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment().getProfessors());
    Collection<Professor> emps = service.findAllProfessors();
    if (emps.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No Professors found ");
    } else {
        System.out.println("Found Professors:");
        for (Professor emp1 : emps) {
            System.out.println(emp1);
        }
    }
    
    Collection<Department> depts = service.findAllDepartments();
    if (depts.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No Departments found ");
    } else {
        System.out.println("Found Departments:");
        for (Department dept1 : depts) {
            System.out.println(dept1 + " with " + dept1.getProfessors().size() + " employees");
        }
    }

    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    util.checkData("select * from Department");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

One To Many MappedBy

File: Department.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Collection<Professor> employees;
    public Department() {
        employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    }
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
            if (employee.getDepartment() != null) {
                employee.getDepartment().getProfessors().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setDepartment(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department id: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Professor.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor id: " + getId() + " name: " + getName() + 
               " with " + getDepartment();
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public Department createDepartment(String name) {
    Department dept = new Department();
    dept.setName(name);
    em.persist(dept);
    return dept;
  }
  public Collection<Department> findAllDepartments() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d");
    return (Collection<Department>) query.getResultList();
  }
  public Professor createProfessor(String name, long salary) {
    Professor emp = new Professor();
    emp.setName(name);
    emp.setSalary(salary);
    em.persist(emp);
    return emp;
  }
  public Professor setProfessorDepartment(int empId, int deptId) {
    Professor emp = em.find(Professor.class, empId);
    Department dept = em.find(Department.class, deptId);
    dept.addProfessor(emp);
    return emp;
  }
  public Collection<Professor> findAllProfessors() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e");
    return (Collection<Professor>) query.getResultList();
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    Professor emp = service.createProfessor("empName",100);
    Department dept = service.createDepartment("deptName");
    emp = service.setProfessorDepartment(emp.getId(),dept.getId());
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment() + " with Professors:");
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment().getProfessors());
    Collection<Professor> emps = service.findAllProfessors();
    if (emps.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No Professors found ");
    } else {
        System.out.println("Found Professors:");
        for (Professor emp1 : emps) {
            System.out.println(emp1);
        }
    }
    
    Collection<Department> depts = service.findAllDepartments();
    if (depts.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No Departments found ");
    } else {
        System.out.println("Found Departments:");
        for (Department dept1 : depts) {
            System.out.println(dept1 + " with " + dept1.getProfessors().size() + " employees");
        }
    }

    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    util.checkData("select * from Department");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

One To Many Mapping with generated primary key

File: Department.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department id: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Professor.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor id: " + getId() + " name: " + getName() + 
               " with " + getDepartment();
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public Professor createProfessor(String name, long salary) {
    Professor emp = new Professor();
    emp.setName(name);
    emp.setSalary(salary);
    em.persist(emp);
    return emp;
  }
  public Professor setProfessorDepartment(int empId, int deptId) {
    Professor emp = em.find(Professor.class, empId);
    Department dept = em.find(Department.class, deptId);
    emp.setDepartment(dept);
    return emp;
  }
  public Collection<Professor> findAllProfessors() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e");
    return (Collection<Professor>) query.getResultList();
  }
  public Department createDepartment(String name) {
    Department dept = new Department();
    dept.setName(name);
    em.persist(dept);
    return dept;
  }
  public Collection<Department> findAllDepartments() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d");
    return (Collection<Department>) query.getResultList();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    Professor emp = service.createProfessor("empName", 100);
    Department dept = service.createDepartment("deptName");
    Collection<Professor> emps = service.findAllProfessors();
    for (Professor emp1 : emps) {
      System.out.println(emp1);
    }
    Collection<Department> depts = service.findAllDepartments();
    for (Department dept1 : depts) {
      System.out.println(dept1);
    }
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    util.checkData("select * from Department");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

One To Many Mapping With MappedBy: To remove Mapping Table

File: Student.java
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Student {
  @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private int id;
  private String name;
  @ManyToOne (cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
  private Department department;
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  public Department getDepartment() {
    return department;
  }
  public void setDepartment(Department department) {
    this.department = department;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "\n\nID:" + id + "\nName:" + name + "\n\n" + department;
  }
}

File: Department.java

import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department",cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
    private Set<Student> students;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    public Set<Student> getStudents() {
      return students;
    }
    public void setStudent(Set<Student> students) {
      this.students = students;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department id: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName()+"Student:"+ students;
    }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class Main {
  static EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("JPAService");
  static EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    
    
    Student student = new Student();
    student.setName("Joe");
    em.persist(student);
    
    Student student1 = new Student();
    student1.setName("Joe");
    em.persist(student1);
    
    Department dept = new Department();
    dept.setName("dept name");
    student.setDepartment(dept);
    student1.setDepartment(dept);
    
    em.flush();
    

    
    
    
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Student e");
    List<Student> list = (List<Student>) query.getResultList();
    System.out.println(list.get(0).getDepartment());
    
    query = em.createQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d");
    List<Department> dList = (List<Department>) query.getResultList();
    System.out.println(dList.get(0).getStudents());
    
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
    
    Helper.checkData();
  }
}

File: Helper.java
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class Helper {
  public static void checkData() throws Exception {
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial", "sa", "");
    Statement st = conn.createStatement();
    ResultSet mrs = conn.getMetaData().getTables(null, null, null, new String[] { "TABLE" });
    while (mrs.next()) {
      String tableName = mrs.getString(3);
      System.out.println("\n\n\n\nTable Name: "+ tableName);
      ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from " + tableName);
      ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
      while (rs.next()) {
        System.out.println(" Row:");
        for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
          System.out.println("    Column Name: "+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)+ ",  ");
          System.out.println("    Column Type: "+ metadata.getColumnTypeName(i + 1)+ ":  ");
          Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
          System.out.println("    Column Value: "+value+"\n");
        }
      }
    }
  }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

One To Many Target Entity

File: Department.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(targetEntity=Professor.class, mappedBy="department")
    private Collection employees;
    public Department() {
        employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    
    public void addProfessor(Professor employee) {
        if (!getProfessors().contains(employee)) {
            getProfessors().add(employee);
            if (employee.getDepartment() != null) {
                employee.getDepartment().getProfessors().remove(employee);
            }
            employee.setDepartment(this);
        }
    }
    
    public Collection getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department id: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Professor.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(long salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    
    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor id: " + getId() + " name: " + getName() + 
               " with " + getDepartment();
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public Department createDepartment(String name) {
    Department dept = new Department();
    dept.setName(name);
    em.persist(dept);
    return dept;
  }
  public Collection<Department> findAllDepartments() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d");
    return (Collection<Department>) query.getResultList();
  }
  public Professor createProfessor(String name, long salary) {
    Professor emp = new Professor();
    emp.setName(name);
    emp.setSalary(salary);
    em.persist(emp);
    return emp;
  }
  public Professor setProfessorDepartment(int empId, int deptId) {
    Professor emp = em.find(Professor.class, empId);
    Department dept = em.find(Department.class, deptId);
    dept.addProfessor(emp);
    return emp;
  }
  public Collection<Professor> findAllProfessors() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e");
    return (Collection<Professor>) query.getResultList();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    Professor emp = service.createProfessor("empName",100);
    Department dept = service.createDepartment("deptName");
    emp = service.setProfessorDepartment(emp.getId(),dept.getId());
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment() + " with Professors:");
    System.out.println(emp.getDepartment().getProfessors());
    Collection<Professor> emps = service.findAllProfessors();
    if (emps.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No Professors found ");
    } else {
        System.out.println("Found Professors:");
        for (Professor emp1 : emps) {
            System.out.println(emp1);
        }
    }
    
    Collection<Department> depts = service.findAllDepartments();
    if (depts.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No Departments found ");
    } else {
        System.out.println("Found Departments:");
        for (Department dept1 : depts) {
            System.out.println(dept1 + " with " + dept1.getProfessors().size() + " employees");
        }
    }

    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    util.checkData("select * from Department");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

One To Many Unidirectional Mapping

File: Phone.java

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Phone {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private int id;
  @Column(name = "NUM")
  private String number;
  private String type;
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getNumber() {
    return number;
  }
  public void setNumber(String phoneNo) {
    this.number = phoneNo;
  }
  public String getType() {
    return type;
  }
  public void setType(String phoneType) {
    this.type = phoneType;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "Phone id: " + getId() + ", no: " + getNumber() + ", type: " + getType();
  }
}

File: Professor.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Professor {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private int id;
  private String name;
  private long salary;
  @OneToMany
  @JoinTable(name = "EMP_PHONE", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "EMP_ID"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "PHONE_ID"))
  private Collection<Phone> phones;
  public Professor() {
    phones = new ArrayList<Phone>();
  }
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  public long getSalary() {
    return salary;
  }
  public void setSalary(long salary) {
    this.salary = salary;
  }
  public void addPhone(Phone phone) {
    if (!getPhones().contains(phone)) {
      getPhones().add(phone);
    }
  }
  public Collection<Phone> getPhones() {
    return phones;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "Professor id: " + getId() + " name: " + getName() + " with " + getPhones().size()
        + " phones";
  }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public Professor createProfessor(String name, long salary) {
    Professor emp = new Professor();
    emp.setName(name);
    emp.setSalary(salary);
    em.persist(emp);
    return emp;
  }
  public Professor addProfessorPhone(int empId, int phoneId) {
    Professor emp = em.find(Professor.class, empId);
    Phone phone = em.find(Phone.class, phoneId);
    emp.addPhone(phone);
    return emp;
  }
  public Collection<Professor> findAllProfessors() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e");
    return (Collection<Professor>) query.getResultList();
  }
  public Phone createPhone(String num, String type) {
    Phone phone = new Phone();
    phone.setNumber(num);
    phone.setType(type);
    em.persist(phone);
    return phone;
  }
  public Collection<Phone> findAllPhones() {
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT p FROM Phone p");
    return (Collection<Phone>) query.getResultList();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    Professor emp = service.createProfessor("empName",100);
    
    Phone phone = service.createPhone("1111111111","phoneType");
    emp = service.addProfessorPhone(emp.getId(),phone.getId());
    Collection<Professor> emps = service.findAllProfessors();
    if (emps.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No Professors found ");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Found Professors:");
        for (Professor emp1 : emps) {
          System.out.println(emp1);
        }
    }
    Collection<Phone> phones = service.findAllPhones();
    if (phones.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No Phones found ");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Found Phones:");
        for (Phone phone1 : phones) {
          System.out.println(phone1);
        }
    }

    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    
    util.checkData("select * from Phone");
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Query for One To Many Mapping

File: Department.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Collection<Professor> employees;
    public Department() {
        employees = new ArrayList<Professor>();
    }
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    public Collection<Professor> getProfessors() {
        return employees;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department no: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Professor.java

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Professor {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private long salary;
    
    @ManyToOne
    private Department department;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public long getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
    public void setDepartment(Department dept) {
        this.department = dept;
    }
    
    public String toString() {
        return "Professor " + getId() + 
               ": name: " + getName() +
               ", salary: " + getSalary();
    }
}

File: ProfessorService.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
public class ProfessorService {
  protected EntityManager em;
  public ProfessorService(EntityManager em) {
    this.em = em;
  }
  public List findAll() {
    return em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Professor e").getResultList();
  }
}

File: JPAUtil.java
import java.io.Reader;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class JPAUtil {
  Statement st;
  
  public JPAUtil() throws Exception{
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    System.out.println("Driver Loaded.");
    String url = "jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial";
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "");
    System.out.println("Got Connection.");
    st = conn.createStatement();
  }
  public void executeSQLCommand(String sql) throws Exception {
    st.executeUpdate(sql);
  }
  public void checkData(String sql) throws Exception {
    ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
    for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
      System.out.print("\t"+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)); 
    }
    System.out.println("\n----------------------------------");
    while (rs.next()) {
      for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
        Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
        if (value == null) {
          System.out.print("\t       ");
        } else {
          System.out.print("\t"+value.toString().trim());
        }
      }
      System.out.println("");
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    JPAUtil util = new JPAUtil();
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("ProfessorService");
    EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
    ProfessorService service = new ProfessorService(em);
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    service.findAll();
    
    
    util.checkData("select * from Professor");
    util.checkData("select * from Department");
    
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
  }
}


File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

Use Collection In One To Many Mapping

File: Department.java

import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
@Entity
public class Department {
    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    private Collection<Student> students;
    
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String deptName) {
        this.name = deptName;
    }
    public Collection<Student> getStudents() {
      return students;
    }
    public void setStudent(Collection<Student> students) {
      this.students = students;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Department id: " + getId() + 
               ", name: " + getName();
    }
}

File: Student.java
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
@Entity
public class Student {
  @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  private int id;
  private String name;
  @ManyToOne (cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
  private Department department;
  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  public Department getDepartment() {
    return department;
  }
  public void setDepartment(Department department) {
    this.department = department;
  }
  public String toString() {
    return "\n\nID:" + id + "\nName:" + name + "\n\n" + department;
  }
}

File: Helper.java
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class Helper {
  public static void checkData() throws Exception {
    Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
    Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial", "sa", "");
    Statement st = conn.createStatement();
    ResultSet mrs = conn.getMetaData().getTables(null, null, null, new String[] { "TABLE" });
    while (mrs.next()) {
      String tableName = mrs.getString(3);
      System.out.println("\n\n\n\nTable Name: "+ tableName);
      ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from " + tableName);
      ResultSetMetaData metadata = rs.getMetaData();
      while (rs.next()) {
        System.out.println(" Row:");
        for (int i = 0; i < metadata.getColumnCount(); i++) {
          System.out.println("    Column Name: "+ metadata.getColumnLabel(i + 1)+ ",  ");
          System.out.println("    Column Type: "+ metadata.getColumnTypeName(i + 1)+ ":  ");
          Object value = rs.getObject(i + 1);
          System.out.println("    Column Value: "+value+"\n");
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

File: Main.java
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import javax.persistence.Query;
public class Main {
  static EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("JPAService");
  static EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
  public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
    em.getTransaction().begin();
    
    
    Student student = new Student();
    student.setName("Joe");
    em.persist(student);
    
    Student student1 = new Student();
    student1.setName("Joe");
    em.persist(student1);
    
    Department dept = new Department();
    dept.setName("dept name");
    student.setDepartment(dept);
    student1.setDepartment(dept);
    
    em.flush();
    

    
    
    
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT e FROM Student e");
    List<Student> list = (List<Student>) query.getResultList();
    System.out.println(list);
    
    query = em.createQuery("SELECT d FROM Department d");
    List<Department> dList = (List<Department>) query.getResultList();
    System.out.println(dList);
    
    em.getTransaction().rumit();
    em.close();
    emf.close();
    
    Helper.checkData();
  }
}



File: persistence.xml
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.ru/xml/ns/persistence/persistence" version="1.0">
  <persistence-unit name="JPAService" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <properties>
      <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>
      <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="sa"/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/>
      <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:data/tutorial"/>
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>