Java/2D Graphics GUI/Buffer Paint

Материал из Java эксперт
Версия от 18:01, 31 мая 2010; (обсуждение)
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Buffered draw without flicker

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class BufferedDraw extends JPanel implements MouseListener,
    MouseMotionListener {
  Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(0, 0, 100, 50);
  BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(5, 5, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
  Graphics2D big;
  int last_x, last_y;
  boolean firstTime = true;
  Rectangle area;
  boolean pressOut = false;
  public BufferedDraw() {
    setBackground(Color.white);
    addMouseMotionListener(this);
    addMouseListener(this);
  }
  // Handles the event of the user pressing down the mouse button.
  public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
    last_x = rect.x - e.getX();
    last_y = rect.y - e.getY();
    // Checks whether or not the cursor is inside of the rectangle while the
    // user is pressing themouse.
    if (rect.contains(e.getX(), e.getY())) {
      updateLocation(e);
    } else {
      pressOut = true;
    }
  }
  // Handles the event of a user dragging the mouse while holding down the
  // mouse button.
  public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
    if (!pressOut) {
      updateLocation(e);
    }
  }
  // Handles the event of a user releasing the mouse button.
  public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
    if (rect.contains(e.getX(), e.getY())) {
      updateLocation(e);
    }
  }
  public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
  }
  public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
  }
  public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
  }
  public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
  }
  public void updateLocation(MouseEvent e) {
    rect.setLocation(last_x + e.getX(), last_y + e.getY());
    repaint();
  }
  public void paint(Graphics g) {
    update(g);
  }
  public void update(Graphics g) {
    Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
    if (firstTime) {
      Dimension dim = getSize();
      int w = dim.width;
      int h = dim.height;
      area = new Rectangle(dim);
      bi = (BufferedImage) createImage(w, h);
      big = bi.createGraphics();
      rect.setLocation(w / 2 - 50, h / 2 - 25);
      big.setStroke(new BasicStroke(8.0f));
      firstTime = false;
    }
    big.setColor(Color.white);
    big.clearRect(0, 0, area.width, area.height);
    big.setPaint(Color.red);
    big.draw(rect);
    big.setPaint(Color.blue);
    big.fill(rect);
    g2.drawImage(bi, 0, 0, this);
  }
  private boolean checkRect() {
    if (area == null) {
      return false;
    }
    if (area.contains(rect.x, rect.y, 100, 50)) {
      return true;
    }
    int new_x = rect.x;
    int new_y = rect.y;
    if ((rect.x + 100) > area.width) {
      new_x = area.width - 99;
    }
    if (rect.x < 0) {
      new_x = -1;
    }
    if ((rect.y + 50) > area.height) {
      new_y = area.height - 49;
    }
    if (rect.y < 0) {
      new_y = -1;
    }
    rect.setLocation(new_x, new_y);
    return false;
  }
  public static void main(String s[]) {
    JFrame f = new JFrame("BufferedShapeMover");
    f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
      public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
        System.exit(0);
      }
    });
    f.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());
    f.getContentPane().add(new BufferedDraw(), "Center");
    f.pack();
    f.setSize(new Dimension(550, 250));
    f.show();
  }
}



Composite BufferedImage

 
 

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2007, Romain Guy
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 *     copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
 *     disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
 *     with the distribution.
 *   * Neither the name of the TimingFramework project nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.ruposite;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeListener;
/**
 * 
 * @author Romain Guy
 */
public class SourceInDemo extends JFrame {
  private JCheckBox shadow;
  public SourceInDemo() {
    super("Source In");
    add(new ImageViewer(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
    JPanel panel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEADING));
    panel.add(shadow = new JCheckBox("Drop Shadow"));
    shadow.addChangeListener(new ChangeListener() {
      public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent changeEvent) {
        repaint();
      }
    });
    add(panel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    setSize(350, 250);
    setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  }
  private class ImageViewer extends JComponent {
    private BufferedImage image, landscape;
    private ImageViewer() {
      try {
        image = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("picture.png"));
        landscape = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("landscape.jpg"));
      } catch (IOException ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
      BufferedImage temp = new BufferedImage(getWidth(), getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
      Graphics2D g2 = temp.createGraphics();
      if (shadow.isSelected()) {
        int x = (getWidth() - image.getWidth()) / 2;
        int y = (getHeight() - image.getHeight()) / 2;
        g2.drawImage(image, x + 4, y + 10, null);
        Composite oldComposite = g2.getComposite();
        g2.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_IN, 0.75f));
        g2.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
        g2.setComposite(oldComposite);
        g2.drawImage(image, x, y, null);
      } else {
        int x = (getWidth() - image.getWidth()) / 2;
        int y = (getHeight() - image.getHeight()) / 2;
        g2.drawImage(image, x, y, null);
        Composite oldComposite = g2.getComposite();
        g2.setComposite(AlphaComposite.SrcIn);
        x = (getWidth() - landscape.getWidth()) / 2;
        y = (getHeight() - landscape.getHeight()) / 2;
        g2.drawImage(landscape, x, y, null);
        g2.setComposite(oldComposite);
      }
      g2.dispose();
      g.drawImage(temp, 0, 0, null);
    }
  }
  public static void main(String... args) {
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        new SourceInDemo().setVisible(true);
      }
    });
  }
}



Create a multiple buffer strategy with the number of buffers given

 
/*
 * Copyright (c) 1995 - 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/**
 * This test takes a number up to 13 as an argument (assumes 2 by
 * default) and creates a multiple buffer strategy with the number of
 * buffers given.  This application enters full-screen mode, if available,
 * and flips back and forth between each buffer (each signified by a different
 * color).
 */
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.DisplayMode;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
public class MultiBufferTest {
  private static Color[] COLORS = new Color[] { Color.red, Color.blue,
      Color.green, Color.white, Color.black, Color.yellow, Color.gray,
      Color.cyan, Color.pink, Color.lightGray, Color.magenta, Color.orange,
      Color.darkGray };
  private static DisplayMode[] BEST_DISPLAY_MODES = new DisplayMode[] {
      new DisplayMode(640, 480, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 16, 0),
      new DisplayMode(640, 480, 8, 0) };
  Frame mainFrame;
  public MultiBufferTest(int numBuffers, GraphicsDevice device) {
    try {
      GraphicsConfiguration gc = device.getDefaultConfiguration();
      mainFrame = new Frame(gc);
      mainFrame.setUndecorated(true);
      mainFrame.setIgnoreRepaint(true);
      device.setFullScreenWindow(mainFrame);
      if (device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) {
        chooseBestDisplayMode(device);
      }
      Rectangle bounds = mainFrame.getBounds();
      mainFrame.createBufferStrategy(numBuffers);
      BufferStrategy bufferStrategy = mainFrame.getBufferStrategy();
      for (float lag = 2000.0f; lag > 0.00000006f; lag = lag / 1.33f) {
        for (int i = 0; i < numBuffers; i++) {
          Graphics g = bufferStrategy.getDrawGraphics();
          if (!bufferStrategy.contentsLost()) {
            g.setColor(COLORS[i]);
            g.fillRect(0, 0, bounds.width, bounds.height);
            bufferStrategy.show();
            g.dispose();
          }
          try {
            Thread.sleep((int) lag);
          } catch (InterruptedException e) {
          }
        }
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
      device.setFullScreenWindow(null);
    }
  }
  private static DisplayMode getBestDisplayMode(GraphicsDevice device) {
    for (int x = 0; x < BEST_DISPLAY_MODES.length; x++) {
      DisplayMode[] modes = device.getDisplayModes();
      for (int i = 0; i < modes.length; i++) {
        if (modes[i].getWidth() == BEST_DISPLAY_MODES[x].getWidth()
            && modes[i].getHeight() == BEST_DISPLAY_MODES[x].getHeight()
            && modes[i].getBitDepth() == BEST_DISPLAY_MODES[x].getBitDepth()) {
          return BEST_DISPLAY_MODES[x];
        }
      }
    }
    return null;
  }
  public static void chooseBestDisplayMode(GraphicsDevice device) {
    DisplayMode best = getBestDisplayMode(device);
    if (best != null) {
      device.setDisplayMode(best);
    }
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try {
      int numBuffers = 2;
      if (args != null && args.length > 0) {
        numBuffers = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
        if (numBuffers < 2 || numBuffers > COLORS.length) {
          System.err.println("Must specify between 2 and " + COLORS.length
              + " buffers");
          System.exit(1);
        }
      }
      GraphicsEnvironment env = GraphicsEnvironment
          .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
      GraphicsDevice device = env.getDefaultScreenDevice();
      MultiBufferTest test = new MultiBufferTest(numBuffers, device);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    System.exit(0);
  }
}



Data Buffer Grabber

 
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.DataBufferInt;
import java.awt.image.Raster;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
/*
 * DataBufferGrabber.java
 *
 * Created on May 2, 2007, 7:51 AM
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2007, Sun Microsystems, Inc
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 *     copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
 *     disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
 *     with the distribution.
 *   * Neither the name of the TimingFramework project nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/**
 *
 * @author Chet
 */
public class DataBufferGrabber extends JComponent {
    
    private final int SWATCH_SIZE = 500;
    
    /** Creates a new instance of DataBufferGrabber */
    public DataBufferGrabber() {
        setPreferredSize(new Dimension(2 * SWATCH_SIZE, SWATCH_SIZE));
    }
    
    /**
     * Perform and time several drawImage() calls with the given parameters
     * and return the number of milliseconds that the operation took.
     */
    private long copyImage(Graphics g, BufferedImage image, int x, int y) {
        long startTime = System.nanoTime();
        // Do the operation several times to make the timings more significant
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
            g.drawImage(image, x, y, null);
        }
        // Make sure any graphics commands in hardware get flushed before
        // stopping the clock
        Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync();
        long endTime = System.nanoTime();
        return (endTime - startTime) / 1000000;
    }
    
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        // create an image
        BufferedImage bImg = new BufferedImage(SWATCH_SIZE, 
                SWATCH_SIZE, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics gImage = bImg.getGraphics();
        gImage.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        gImage.fillRect(0, 0, SWATCH_SIZE, SWATCH_SIZE);
        
        // Time how long it takes to copy the managed version
        long managedTime = copyImage(g, bImg, 0, 0);
        System.out.println("Managed: " + managedTime + " ms");
        
        // Now grab the pixel array, change the colors, re-run the test
        Raster raster = bImg.getRaster();
        DataBufferInt dataBuffer = (DataBufferInt)raster.getDataBuffer();
        int pixels[] = dataBuffer.getData();
        for (int i = 0; i < pixels.length; ++i) {
            // Make all pixels black
            pixels[i] = 0;
        }
        
        // Time this un-managed copy
        long unmanagedTime = copyImage(g, bImg, SWATCH_SIZE, 0);
        System.out.println("Unmanaged: " + unmanagedTime + " ms");
    }
    
    private static void createAndShowGUI() {    
        JFrame f = new JFrame("DataBufferGrabber");
        f.getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        f.setSize(100, 100);
        f.add(new DataBufferGrabber());
        f.validate();
        f.pack();
        f.setVisible(true);
    }
    
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Runnable doCreateAndShowGUI = new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                createAndShowGUI();
            }
        };
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(doCreateAndShowGUI);
    }
    
}



Demos of a custom buffered image operation

 

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2007, Romain Guy
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 *     copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
 *     disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
 *     with the distribution.
 *   * Neither the name of the TimingFramework project nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Transparency;
import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImageOp;
import java.awt.image.ColorModel;
import java.awt.image.DirectColorModel;
import java.awt.image.Raster;
import java.awt.image.WritableRaster;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JSlider;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeListener;
/**
 * <p>
 * Demos of a custom buffered image operation.
 * </p>
 * 
 * @author Romain Guy <romain.guy@mac.ru>
 */
public class ImageOpByRomain extends JFrame {
  private BufferedImage sourceImage;
  private ImagePanel imagePanel;
  private JSlider redSlider;
  private JSlider greenSlider;
  private JSlider blueSlider;
  private JSlider alphaSlider;
  public ImageOpByRomain() {
    super("Custom Image Op Demo");
    loadSourceImage();
    buildContent();
    pack();
    setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    setResizable(false);
    setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  }
  public static void main(String... args) {
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        new ImageOpByRomain().setVisible(true);
      }
    });
  }
  private void buildContent() {
    buildImagePanel();
    buildControlsPanel();
  }
  private void loadSourceImage() {
    try {
      sourceImage = GraphicsUtilities.loadCompatibleImage(getClass()
          .getResource("A.jpg"));
    } catch (IOException ex) {
      ex.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
  private void buildImagePanel() {
    add(imagePanel = new ImagePanel());
  }
  private void buildControlsPanel() {
    JPanel controls = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
    // red component
    controls.add(new JLabel("Red: 0"), new GridBagConstraints(0, 0, 1, 1, 1.0,
        1.0, GridBagConstraints.LINE_END, GridBagConstraints.NONE, new Insets(
            0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    controls.add(redSlider = new JSlider(0, 255, 255), new GridBagConstraints(
        1, 0, 1, 1, 1.0, 1.0, GridBagConstraints.CENTER,
        GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL, new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    controls.add(new JLabel("255"), new GridBagConstraints(2, 0, 1, 1, 1.0,
        1.0, GridBagConstraints.LINE_START, GridBagConstraints.NONE,
        new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    // green component
    controls.add(new JLabel("Green: 0"), new GridBagConstraints(0, 1, 1, 1,
        1.0, 1.0, GridBagConstraints.LINE_END, GridBagConstraints.NONE,
        new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    controls.add(greenSlider = new JSlider(0, 255, 255),
        new GridBagConstraints(1, 1, 1, 1, 1.0, 1.0, GridBagConstraints.CENTER,
            GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL, new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    controls.add(new JLabel("255"), new GridBagConstraints(2, 1, 1, 1, 1.0,
        1.0, GridBagConstraints.LINE_START, GridBagConstraints.NONE,
        new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    // blue component
    controls.add(new JLabel("Blue: 0"), new GridBagConstraints(0, 2, 1, 1, 1.0,
        1.0, GridBagConstraints.LINE_END, GridBagConstraints.NONE, new Insets(
            0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    controls.add(blueSlider = new JSlider(0, 255, 255), new GridBagConstraints(
        1, 2, 1, 1, 1.0, 1.0, GridBagConstraints.CENTER,
        GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL, new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    controls.add(new JLabel("255"), new GridBagConstraints(2, 2, 1, 1, 1.0,
        1.0, GridBagConstraints.LINE_START, GridBagConstraints.NONE,
        new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    // mix value
    controls.add(new JLabel("Mix: 0%"), new GridBagConstraints(0, 3, 1, 1, 1.0,
        1.0, GridBagConstraints.LINE_END, GridBagConstraints.NONE, new Insets(
            0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    controls.add(alphaSlider = new JSlider(0, 100, 50), new GridBagConstraints(
        1, 3, 1, 1, 1.0, 1.0, GridBagConstraints.CENTER,
        GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL, new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    controls.add(new JLabel("100%"), new GridBagConstraints(2, 3, 1, 1, 1.0,
        1.0, GridBagConstraints.LINE_START, GridBagConstraints.NONE,
        new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0), 0, 0));
    // change listener
    ChangeListener colorChange = new ChangeListener() {
      public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
        imagePanel.setColor(new Color(redSlider.getValue(), greenSlider
            .getValue(), blueSlider.getValue()));
      }
    };
    redSlider.addChangeListener(colorChange);
    greenSlider.addChangeListener(colorChange);
    blueSlider.addChangeListener(colorChange);
    // alpha listener
    alphaSlider.addChangeListener(new ChangeListener() {
      public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
        imagePanel.setMix((float) alphaSlider.getValue() / 100.0f);
      }
    });
    add(controls, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
  }
  private class ImagePanel extends JComponent {
    private ColorTintFilter op = new ColorTintFilter(Color.WHITE, 0.5f);
    private BufferedImage cache;
    private boolean damaged;
    private ImagePanel() {
      cache = GraphicsUtilities.createCompatibleImage(sourceImage);
      damaged = true;
    }
    public void setColor(Color color) {
      op = new ColorTintFilter(color, op.getMixValue());
      damaged = true;
      repaint();
    }
    public void setMix(float mix) {
      op = new ColorTintFilter(op.getMixColor(), mix);
      damaged = true;
      repaint();
    }
    @Override
    public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
      return new Dimension(sourceImage.getWidth(), sourceImage.getHeight());
    }
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
      Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
      if (damaged) {
        op.filter(sourceImage, cache);
      }
      int x = (getWidth() - cache.getWidth()) / 2;
      int y = (getHeight() - cache.getHeight()) / 2;
      g2.drawImage(cache, x, y, null);
    }
  }
}
/*
 * $Id: AbstractFilter.java,v 1.1 2006/11/05 15:40:51 gfx Exp $
 * 
 * Dual-licensed under LGPL (Sun and Romain Guy) and BSD (Romain Guy).
 * 
 * Copyright 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
 * California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Copyright (c) 2006 Romain Guy <romain.guy@mac.ru> All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in
 * binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
 * materials provided with the distribution. 3. The name of the author may not
 * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 * specific prior written permission.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS"" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
 * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
 * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
 * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
 * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/**
 * <p>
 * Provides an abstract implementation of the <code>BufferedImageOp</code>
 * interface. This class can be used to created new image filters based on
 * <code>BufferedImageOp</code>.
 * </p>
 * 
 * @author Romain Guy <romain.guy@mac.ru>
 */
abstract class AbstractFilter implements BufferedImageOp {
  public abstract BufferedImage filter(BufferedImage src, BufferedImage dest);
  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public Rectangle2D getBounds2D(BufferedImage src) {
    return new Rectangle(0, 0, src.getWidth(), src.getHeight());
  }
  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public BufferedImage createCompatibleDestImage(BufferedImage src,
      ColorModel destCM) {
    if (destCM == null) {
      destCM = src.getColorModel();
    }
    return new BufferedImage(destCM, destCM.createCompatibleWritableRaster(src
        .getWidth(), src.getHeight()), destCM.isAlphaPremultiplied(), null);
  }
  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public Point2D getPoint2D(Point2D srcPt, Point2D dstPt) {
    return (Point2D) srcPt.clone();
  }
  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  public RenderingHints getRenderingHints() {
    return null;
  }
}
/*
 * $Id: ColorTintFilter.java,v 1.5 2007/02/10 03:21:54 gfx Exp $
 * 
 * Dual-licensed under LGPL (Sun and Romain Guy) and BSD (Romain Guy).
 * 
 * Copyright 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
 * California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Copyright (c) 2006 Romain Guy <romain.guy@mac.ru> All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in
 * binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
 * materials provided with the distribution. 3. The name of the author may not
 * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 * specific prior written permission.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS"" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
 * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
 * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
 * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
 * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/**
 * <p>
 * A color tint filter can be used to mix a solid color to an image. The result
 * is an image tinted by the specified color. The force of the effect can be
 * controlled with the <code>mixValue</code>, a number between 0.0 and 1.0
 * that can be seen as the percentage of the mix (0.0 does not affect the source
 * image and 1.0 replaces all the pixels by the solid color).
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * The color of the pixels in the resulting image is computed as follows:
 * </p>
 * 
 * <pre>
 * cR = cS * (1 - mixValue) + cM * mixValue
 * </pre>
 * 
 * <p>
 * Definition of the parameters:
 * </p>
 * <ul>
 * <li><code>cR</code>: color of the resulting pixel</li>
 * <li><code>cS</code>: color of the source pixel</li>
 * <li><code>cM</code>: the solid color to mix with the source image</li>
 * <li><code>mixValue</code>: strength of the mix, a value between 0.0 and
 * 1.0</li>
 * </ul>
 * 
 * @author Romain Guy <romain.guy@mac.ru>
 */
class ColorTintFilter extends AbstractFilter {
  private final Color mixColor;
  private final float mixValue;
  private int[] preMultipliedRed;
  private int[] preMultipliedGreen;
  private int[] preMultipliedBlue;
  /**
   * <p>
   * Creates a new color mixer filter. The specified color will be used to tint
   * the source image, with a mixing strength defined by <code>mixValue</code>.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @param mixColor
   *            the solid color to mix with the source image
   * @param mixValue
   *            the strength of the mix, between 0.0 and 1.0; if the specified
   *            value lies outside this range, it is clamped
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException
   *             if <code>mixColor</code> is null
   */
  public ColorTintFilter(Color mixColor, float mixValue) {
    if (mixColor == null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("mixColor cannot be null");
    }
    this.mixColor = mixColor;
    if (mixValue < 0.0f) {
      mixValue = 0.0f;
    } else if (mixValue > 1.0f) {
      mixValue = 1.0f;
    }
    this.mixValue = mixValue;
    int mix_r = (int) (mixColor.getRed() * mixValue);
    int mix_g = (int) (mixColor.getGreen() * mixValue);
    int mix_b = (int) (mixColor.getBlue() * mixValue);
    // Since we use only lookup tables to apply the filter, this filter
    // could be implemented as a LookupOp.
    float factor = 1.0f - mixValue;
    preMultipliedRed = new int[256];
    preMultipliedGreen = new int[256];
    preMultipliedBlue = new int[256];
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
      int value = (int) (i * factor);
      preMultipliedRed[i] = value + mix_r;
      preMultipliedGreen[i] = value + mix_g;
      preMultipliedBlue[i] = value + mix_b;
    }
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns the mix value of this filter.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @return the mix value, between 0.0 and 1.0
   */
  public float getMixValue() {
    return mixValue;
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns the solid mix color of this filter.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @return the solid color used for mixing
   */
  public Color getMixColor() {
    return mixColor;
  }
  /**
   * {@inheritDoc}
   */
  @Override
  public BufferedImage filter(BufferedImage src, BufferedImage dst) {
    if (dst == null) {
      DirectColorModel directCM = new DirectColorModel(32, 0x00FF0000,
          0x0000FF00, 0x000000FF, 0xFF000000);
      dst = createCompatibleDestImage(src, directCM);
    }
    int width = src.getWidth();
    int height = src.getHeight();
    int[] pixels = new int[width * height];
    GraphicsUtilities.getPixels(src, 0, 0, width, height, pixels);
    mixColor(pixels);
    GraphicsUtilities.setPixels(dst, 0, 0, width, height, pixels);
    return dst;
  }
  private void mixColor(int[] pixels) {
    for (int i = 0; i < pixels.length; i++) {
      int argb = pixels[i];
      pixels[i] = (argb & 0xFF000000)
          | preMultipliedRed[(argb >> 16) & 0xFF] << 16
          | preMultipliedGreen[(argb >> 8) & 0xFF] << 8
          | preMultipliedBlue[argb & 0xFF];
    }
  }
}
/*
 * $Id: GraphicsUtilities.java,v 1.1 2006/11/05 15:40:51 gfx Exp $
 * 
 * Dual-licensed under LGPL (Sun and Romain Guy) and BSD (Romain Guy).
 * 
 * Copyright 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
 * California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Copyright (c) 2006 Romain Guy <romain.guy@mac.ru> All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in
 * binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
 * materials provided with the distribution. 3. The name of the author may not
 * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 * specific prior written permission.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS"" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
 * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
 * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
 * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
 * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/**
 * <p>
 * <code>GraphicsUtilities</code> contains a set of tools to perform common
 * graphics operations easily. These operations are divided into several themes,
 * listed below.
 * </p>
 * <h2>Compatible Images</h2>
 * <p>
 * Compatible images can, and should, be used to increase drawing performance.
 * This class provides a number of methods to load compatible images directly
 * from files or to convert existing images to compatibles images.
 * </p>
 * <h2>Creating Thumbnails</h2>
 * <p>
 * This class provides a number of methods to easily scale down images. Some of
 * these methods offer a trade-off between speed and result quality and shouuld
 * be used all the time. They also offer the advantage of producing compatible
 * images, thus automatically resulting into better runtime performance.
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * All these methodes are both faster than
 * {@link java.awt.Image#getScaledInstance(int, int, int)} and produce
 * better-looking results than the various <code>drawImage()</code> methods in
 * {@link java.awt.Graphics}, which can be used for image scaling.
 * </p>
 * <h2>Image Manipulation</h2>
 * <p>
 * This class provides two methods to get and set pixels in a buffered image.
 * These methods try to avoid unmanaging the image in order to keep good
 * performance.
 * </p>
 * 
 * @author Romain Guy <romain.guy@mac.ru>
 */
class GraphicsUtilities {
  private static final GraphicsConfiguration CONFIGURATION = GraphicsEnvironment
      .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getDefaultScreenDevice()
      .getDefaultConfiguration();
  private GraphicsUtilities() {
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a new <code>BufferedImage</code> using the same color model as
   * the image passed as a parameter. The returned image is only compatible with
   * the image passed as a parameter. This does not mean the returned image is
   * compatible with the hardware.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @param image
   *            the reference image from which the color model of the new image
   *            is obtained
   * @return a new <code>BufferedImage</code>, compatible with the color
   *         model of <code>image</code>
   */
  public static BufferedImage createColorModelCompatibleImage(
      BufferedImage image) {
    ColorModel cm = image.getColorModel();
    return new BufferedImage(cm, cm.createCompatibleWritableRaster(image
        .getWidth(), image.getHeight()), cm.isAlphaPremultiplied(), null);
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a new compatible image with the same width, height and transparency
   * as the image specified as a parameter.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see java.awt.Transparency
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @see #createTranslucentCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #loadCompatibleImage(java.net.URL)
   * @see #toCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @param image
   *            the reference image from which the dimension and the
   *            transparency of the new image are obtained
   * @return a new compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> with the same
   *         dimension and transparency as <code>image</code>
   */
  public static BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(BufferedImage image) {
    return createCompatibleImage(image, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a new compatible image of the specified width and height, and the
   * same transparency setting as the image specified as a parameter.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see java.awt.Transparency
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #createTranslucentCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #loadCompatibleImage(java.net.URL)
   * @see #toCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @param width
   *            the width of the new image
   * @param height
   *            the height of the new image
   * @param image
   *            the reference image from which the transparency of the new image
   *            is obtained
   * @return a new compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> with the same
   *         transparency as <code>image</code> and the specified dimension
   */
  public static BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(BufferedImage image,
      int width, int height) {
    return CONFIGURATION.createCompatibleImage(width, height, image
        .getTransparency());
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a new opaque compatible image of the specified width and height.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @see #createTranslucentCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #loadCompatibleImage(java.net.URL)
   * @see #toCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @param width
   *            the width of the new image
   * @param height
   *            the height of the new image
   * @return a new opaque compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> of the
   *         specified width and height
   */
  public static BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(int width, int height) {
    return CONFIGURATION.createCompatibleImage(width, height);
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a new translucent compatible image of the specified width and
   * height.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #loadCompatibleImage(java.net.URL)
   * @see #toCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @param width
   *            the width of the new image
   * @param height
   *            the height of the new image
   * @return a new translucent compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> of the
   *         specified width and height
   */
  public static BufferedImage createTranslucentCompatibleImage(int width,
      int height) {
    return CONFIGURATION.createCompatibleImage(width, height,
        Transparency.TRANSLUCENT);
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a new compatible image from a URL. The image is loaded from the
   * specified location and then turned, if necessary into a compatible image.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #createTranslucentCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #toCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @param resource
   *            the URL of the picture to load as a compatible image
   * @return a new translucent compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> of the
   *         specified width and height
   * @throws java.io.IOException
   *             if the image cannot be read or loaded
   */
  public static BufferedImage loadCompatibleImage(URL resource)
      throws IOException {
    BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(resource);
    return toCompatibleImage(image);
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Return a new compatible image that contains a copy of the specified image.
   * This method ensures an image is compatible with the hardware, and therefore
   * optimized for fast blitting operations.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @see #createCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #createTranslucentCompatibleImage(int, int)
   * @see #loadCompatibleImage(java.net.URL)
   * @param image
   *            the image to copy into a new compatible image
   * @return a new compatible copy, with the same width and height and
   *         transparency and content, of <code>image</code>
   */
  public static BufferedImage toCompatibleImage(BufferedImage image) {
    if (image.getColorModel().equals(CONFIGURATION.getColorModel())) {
      return image;
    }
    BufferedImage compatibleImage = CONFIGURATION.createCompatibleImage(image
        .getWidth(), image.getHeight(), image.getTransparency());
    Graphics g = compatibleImage.getGraphics();
    g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
    g.dispose();
    return compatibleImage;
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a thumbnail of a source image. <code>newSize</code> defines the
   * length of the longest dimension of the thumbnail. The other dimension is
   * then computed according to the dimensions ratio of the original picture.
   * </p>
   * <p>
   * This method favors speed over quality. When the new size is less than half
   * the longest dimension of the source image,
   * {@link #createThumbnail(BufferedImage, int)} or
   * {@link #createThumbnail(BufferedImage, int, int)} should be used instead to
   * ensure the quality of the result without sacrificing too much performance.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see #createThumbnailFast(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @see #createThumbnail(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int)
   * @see #createThumbnail(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @param image
   *            the source image
   * @param newSize
   *            the length of the largest dimension of the thumbnail
   * @return a new compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> containing a
   *         thumbnail of <code>image</code>
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException
   *             if <code>newSize</code> is larger than the largest dimension
   *             of <code>image</code> or &lt;= 0
   */
  public static BufferedImage createThumbnailFast(BufferedImage image,
      int newSize) {
    float ratio;
    int width = image.getWidth();
    int height = image.getHeight();
    if (width > height) {
      if (newSize >= width) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("newSize must be lower than"
            + " the image width");
      } else if (newSize <= 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("newSize must"
            + " be greater than 0");
      }
      ratio = (float) width / (float) height;
      width = newSize;
      height = (int) (newSize / ratio);
    } else {
      if (newSize >= height) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("newSize must be lower than"
            + " the image height");
      } else if (newSize <= 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("newSize must"
            + " be greater than 0");
      }
      ratio = (float) height / (float) width;
      height = newSize;
      width = (int) (newSize / ratio);
    }
    BufferedImage temp = createCompatibleImage(image, width, height);
    Graphics2D g2 = temp.createGraphics();
    g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,
        RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
    g2.drawImage(image, 0, 0, temp.getWidth(), temp.getHeight(), null);
    g2.dispose();
    return temp;
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a thumbnail of a source image.
   * </p>
   * <p>
   * This method favors speed over quality. When the new size is less than half
   * the longest dimension of the source image,
   * {@link #createThumbnail(BufferedImage, int)} or
   * {@link #createThumbnail(BufferedImage, int, int)} should be used instead to
   * ensure the quality of the result without sacrificing too much performance.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see #createThumbnailFast(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int)
   * @see #createThumbnail(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int)
   * @see #createThumbnail(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @param image
   *            the source image
   * @param newWidth
   *            the width of the thumbnail
   * @param newHeight
   *            the height of the thumbnail
   * @return a new compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> containing a
   *         thumbnail of <code>image</code>
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException
   *             if <code>newWidth</code> is larger than the width of
   *             <code>image</code> or if code>newHeight</code> is larger
   *             than the height of <code>image</code> or if one of the
   *             dimensions is &lt;= 0
   */
  public static BufferedImage createThumbnailFast(BufferedImage image,
      int newWidth, int newHeight) {
    if (newWidth >= image.getWidth() || newHeight >= image.getHeight()) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("newWidth and newHeight cannot"
          + " be greater than the image" + " dimensions");
    } else if (newWidth <= 0 || newHeight <= 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("newWidth and newHeight must"
          + " be greater than 0");
    }
    BufferedImage temp = createCompatibleImage(image, newWidth, newHeight);
    Graphics2D g2 = temp.createGraphics();
    g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,
        RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
    g2.drawImage(image, 0, 0, temp.getWidth(), temp.getHeight(), null);
    g2.dispose();
    return temp;
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a thumbnail of a source image. <code>newSize</code> defines the
   * length of the longest dimension of the thumbnail. The other dimension is
   * then computed according to the dimensions ratio of the original picture.
   * </p>
   * <p>
   * This method offers a good trade-off between speed and quality. The result
   * looks better than
   * {@link #createThumbnailFast(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int)} when the
   * new size is less than half the longest dimension of the source image, yet
   * the rendering speed is almost similar.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see #createThumbnailFast(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @see #createThumbnailFast(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int)
   * @see #createThumbnail(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @param image
   *            the source image
   * @param newSize
   *            the length of the largest dimension of the thumbnail
   * @return a new compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> containing a
   *         thumbnail of <code>image</code>
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException
   *             if <code>newSize</code> is larger than the largest dimension
   *             of <code>image</code> or &lt;= 0
   */
  public static BufferedImage createThumbnail(BufferedImage image, int newSize) {
    int width = image.getWidth();
    int height = image.getHeight();
    boolean isWidthGreater = width > height;
    if (isWidthGreater) {
      if (newSize >= width) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("newSize must be lower than"
            + " the image width");
      }
    } else if (newSize >= height) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("newSize must be lower than"
          + " the image height");
    }
    if (newSize <= 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("newSize must" + " be greater than 0");
    }
    float ratioWH = (float) width / (float) height;
    float ratioHW = (float) height / (float) width;
    BufferedImage thumb = image;
    do {
      if (isWidthGreater) {
        width /= 2;
        if (width < newSize) {
          width = newSize;
        }
        height = (int) (width / ratioWH);
      } else {
        height /= 2;
        if (height < newSize) {
          height = newSize;
        }
        width = (int) (height / ratioHW);
      }
      BufferedImage temp = createCompatibleImage(image, width, height);
      Graphics2D g2 = temp.createGraphics();
      g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,
          RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
      g2.drawImage(thumb, 0, 0, temp.getWidth(), temp.getHeight(), null);
      g2.dispose();
      thumb = temp;
    } while (newSize != (isWidthGreater ? width : height));
    return thumb;
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns a thumbnail of a source image.
   * </p>
   * <p>
   * This method offers a good trade-off between speed and quality. The result
   * looks better than
   * {@link #createThumbnailFast(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int)} when the
   * new size is less than half the longest dimension of the source image, yet
   * the rendering speed is almost similar.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @see #createThumbnailFast(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int)
   * @see #createThumbnailFast(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int, int)
   * @see #createThumbnail(java.awt.image.BufferedImage, int)
   * @param image
   *            the source image
   * @param newWidth
   *            the width of the thumbnail
   * @param newHeight
   *            the height of the thumbnail
   * @return a new compatible <code>BufferedImage</code> containing a
   *         thumbnail of <code>image</code>
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException
   *             if <code>newWidth</code> is larger than the width of
   *             <code>image</code> or if code>newHeight</code> is larger
   *             than the height of <code>image or if one the dimensions is not
   *             &gt; 0</code>
   */
  public static BufferedImage createThumbnail(BufferedImage image,
      int newWidth, int newHeight) {
    int width = image.getWidth();
    int height = image.getHeight();
    if (newWidth >= width || newHeight >= height) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("newWidth and newHeight cannot"
          + " be greater than the image" + " dimensions");
    } else if (newWidth <= 0 || newHeight <= 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("newWidth and newHeight must"
          + " be greater than 0");
    }
    BufferedImage thumb = image;
    do {
      if (width > newWidth) {
        width /= 2;
        if (width < newWidth) {
          width = newWidth;
        }
      }
      if (height > newHeight) {
        height /= 2;
        if (height < newHeight) {
          height = newHeight;
        }
      }
      BufferedImage temp = createCompatibleImage(image, width, height);
      Graphics2D g2 = temp.createGraphics();
      g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,
          RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
      g2.drawImage(thumb, 0, 0, temp.getWidth(), temp.getHeight(), null);
      g2.dispose();
      thumb = temp;
    } while (width != newWidth || height != newHeight);
    return thumb;
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Returns an array of pixels, stored as integers, from a
   * <code>BufferedImage</code>. The pixels are grabbed from a rectangular
   * area defined by a location and two dimensions. Calling this method on an
   * image of type different from <code>BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB</code> and
   * <code>BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB</code> will unmanage the image.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @param img
   *            the source image
   * @param x
   *            the x location at which to start grabbing pixels
   * @param y
   *            the y location at which to start grabbing pixels
   * @param w
   *            the width of the rectangle of pixels to grab
   * @param h
   *            the height of the rectangle of pixels to grab
   * @param pixels
   *            a pre-allocated array of pixels of size w*h; can be null
   * @return <code>pixels</code> if non-null, a new array of integers
   *         otherwise
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException
   *             is <code>pixels</code> is non-null and of length &lt; w*h
   */
  public static int[] getPixels(BufferedImage img, int x, int y, int w, int h,
      int[] pixels) {
    if (w == 0 || h == 0) {
      return new int[0];
    }
    if (pixels == null) {
      pixels = new int[w * h];
    } else if (pixels.length < w * h) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("pixels array must have a length"
          + " >= w*h");
    }
    int imageType = img.getType();
    if (imageType == BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB
        || imageType == BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB) {
      Raster raster = img.getRaster();
      return (int[]) raster.getDataElements(x, y, w, h, pixels);
    }
    // Unmanages the image
    return img.getRGB(x, y, w, h, pixels, 0, w);
  }
  /**
   * <p>
   * Writes a rectangular area of pixels in the destination
   * <code>BufferedImage</code>. Calling this method on an image of type
   * different from <code>BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB</code> and
   * <code>BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB</code> will unmanage the image.
   * </p>
   * 
   * @param img
   *            the destination image
   * @param x
   *            the x location at which to start storing pixels
   * @param y
   *            the y location at which to start storing pixels
   * @param w
   *            the width of the rectangle of pixels to store
   * @param h
   *            the height of the rectangle of pixels to store
   * @param pixels
   *            an array of pixels, stored as integers
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException
   *             is <code>pixels</code> is non-null and of length &lt; w*h
   */
  public static void setPixels(BufferedImage img, int x, int y, int w, int h,
      int[] pixels) {
    if (pixels == null || w == 0 || h == 0) {
      return;
    } else if (pixels.length < w * h) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("pixels array must have a length"
          + " >= w*h");
    }
    int imageType = img.getType();
    if (imageType == BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB
        || imageType == BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB) {
      WritableRaster raster = img.getRaster();
      raster.setDataElements(x, y, w, h, pixels);
    } else {
      // Unmanages the image
      img.setRGB(x, y, w, h, pixels, 0, w);
    }
  }
}



Image offline rendering

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.ruponent;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageDecoder;
public class ImageDuplicity extends Component {
  private BufferedImage image;
  public void paint(Graphics g) {
    Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
    if (image == null)
      createOffscreenImage();
    g2.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this);
  }
  private void createOffscreenImage() {
    Dimension d = getSize();
    int width = d.width; 
    int height = d.height;
    image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
    Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
    g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
        RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    try {
      String filename = "largejexpLogo.jpg";
      InputStream in = getClass().getResourceAsStream(filename);
      JPEGImageDecoder decoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGDecoder(in);
      BufferedImage image = decoder.decodeAsBufferedImage();
      in.close();
      g2.drawImage(image, 0, 0, width, height, null);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.print(e);
    }
    g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(2));
    Color[] colors = { Color.red, Color.blue, Color.green };
    for (int i = -32; i < 40; i += 8) {
      g2.setPaint(colors[Math.abs(i) % 3]);
      g2.drawOval(i, i, width - i * 2, height - i * 2);
    }
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    JFrame f = new JFrame();
    f.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
    Component c = new ImageDuplicity();
    f.add(c, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    f.setSize(200, 250);
    f.setVisible(true);
  }
}



repaint just the affected part of the component

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class ClippedDragImage extends DragImage {
  int oldX, oldY;
  public ClippedDragImage(Image i) {
    super(i);
  }
  public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
    imageX = e.getX();
    imageY = e.getY();
    Rectangle r = getAffectedArea(oldX, oldY, imageX, imageY, imageWidth, imageHeight);
    repaint(r); // repaint just the affected part of the component
    oldX = imageX;
    oldY = imageY;
  }
  private Rectangle getAffectedArea(int oldx, int oldy, int newx, int newy, int width, int height) {
    int x = Math.min(oldx, newx);
    int y = Math.min(oldy, newy);
    int w = (Math.max(oldx, newx) + width) - x;
    int h = (Math.max(oldy, newy) + height) - y;
    return new Rectangle(x, y, w, h);
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String imageFile = "A.jpg";
    Image image = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(
        ClippedDragImage.class.getResource(imageFile));
    image = image.getScaledInstance(imageWidth, imageHeight, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
    JFrame frame = new JFrame("ClippedDragImage");
    frame.getContentPane().add(new ClippedDragImage(image));
    frame.setSize(300, 300);
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setVisible(true);
  }
}
class DragImage extends JComponent implements MouseMotionListener {
  static int imageWidth = 60, imageHeight = 60;
  int grid = 10;
  int imageX, imageY;
  Image image;
  public DragImage(Image i) {
    image = i;
    addMouseMotionListener(this);
  }
  public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
    imageX = e.getX();
    imageY = e.getY();
    repaint();
  }
  public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
  }
  public void paint(Graphics g) {
    Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
    g2.drawImage(image, imageX, imageY, this);
  }
}



RepaintManager.currentManager(null).setDoubleBufferingEnabled(false)

import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.RepaintManager;
public class DragImage extends JComponent implements MouseMotionListener {
  static int imageWidth = 60, imageHeight = 60;
  int imageX, imageY;
  Image image;
  public DragImage(Image i) {
    image = i;
    addMouseMotionListener(this);
  }
  public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
    imageX = e.getX();
    imageY = e.getY();
    repaint();
  }
  public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
  }
  public void paint(Graphics g) {
    Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
    g2.drawImage(image, imageX, imageY, this);
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String imageFile = "A.jpg";
    // Turn off double buffering
    RepaintManager.currentManager(null).setDoubleBufferingEnabled(false);
    Image image = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(DragImage.class.getResource(imageFile));
    image = image.getScaledInstance(imageWidth, imageHeight, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT);
    JFrame frame = new JFrame("DragImage");
    frame.getContentPane().add(new DragImage(image));
    frame.setSize(300, 300);
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setVisible(true);
  }
}



Smooth move using double buffer

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class SmoothMove extends JPanel implements MouseMotionListener {
  private int mX, mY;
  private Image mImage;

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    JFrame f = new JFrame();
    f.getContentPane().add(new SmoothMove());
    f.setSize(200, 200);
    f.show();
  }
  public SmoothMove() {
    addMouseMotionListener(this);
    setVisible(true);
  }
  public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent me) {
    mX = (int) me.getPoint().getX();
    mY = (int) me.getPoint().getY();
    repaint();
  }
  public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent me) {
    mouseMoved(me);
  }
  public void update(Graphics g) {
    paint(g);
  }
  public void paint(Graphics g) {
    // Clear the offscreen image.
    Dimension d = getSize();
    checkOffscreenImage();
    Graphics offG = mImage.getGraphics();
    offG.setColor(getBackground());
    offG.fillRect(0, 0, d.width, d.height);
    // Draw into the offscreen image.
    paintOffscreen(mImage.getGraphics());
    // Put the offscreen image on the screen.
    g.drawImage(mImage, 0, 0, null);
  }
  private void checkOffscreenImage() {
    Dimension d = getSize();
    if (mImage == null || mImage.getWidth(null) != d.width
        || mImage.getHeight(null) != d.height) {
      mImage = createImage(d.width, d.height);
    }
  }
  public void paintOffscreen(Graphics g) {
    int s = 100;
    g.setColor(Color.blue);
    g.fillRect(mX - s / 2, mY - s / 2, s, s);
  }
}