Java/Game/Sprite

Sprite Test 1

       /*
DEVELOPING GAME IN JAVA 
Caracteristiques
Editeur : NEW RIDERS 
Auteur : BRACKEEN 
Parution : 09 2003 
Pages : 972 
Isbn : 1-59273-005-1 
Reliure : Paperback 
Disponibilite : Disponible a la librairie 
*/

import java.awt.DisplayMode;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class SpriteTest1 {
  public static void main(String args[]) {
    SpriteTest1 test = new SpriteTest1();
    test.run();
  }
  private static final DisplayMode POSSIBLE_MODES[] = {
      new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 24, 0),
      new DisplayMode(800, 600, 16, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 32, 0),
      new DisplayMode(640, 480, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 16, 0) };
  private static final long DEMO_TIME = 10000;
  private ScreenManager screen;
  private Image bgImage;
  private Sprite sprite;
  public void loadImages() {
    // load images
    bgImage = loadImage("images/background.jpg");
    Image player1 = loadImage("images/player1.png");
    Image player2 = loadImage("images/player2.png");
    Image player3 = loadImage("images/player3.png");
    // create sprite
    Animation anim = new Animation();
    anim.addFrame(player1, 250);
    anim.addFrame(player2, 150);
    anim.addFrame(player1, 150);
    anim.addFrame(player2, 150);
    anim.addFrame(player3, 200);
    anim.addFrame(player2, 150);
    sprite = new Sprite(anim);
    // start the sprite off moving down and to the right
    sprite.setVelocityX(0.2f);
    sprite.setVelocityY(0.2f);
  }
  private Image loadImage(String fileName) {
    return new ImageIcon(fileName).getImage();
  }
  public void run() {
    screen = new ScreenManager();
    try {
      DisplayMode displayMode = screen
          .findFirstCompatibleMode(POSSIBLE_MODES);
      screen.setFullScreen(displayMode);
      loadImages();
      animationLoop();
    } finally {
      screen.restoreScreen();
    }
  }
  public void animationLoop() {
    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long currTime = startTime;
    while (currTime - startTime < DEMO_TIME) {
      long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - currTime;
      currTime += elapsedTime;
      // update the sprites
      update(elapsedTime);
      // draw and update the screen
      Graphics2D g = screen.getGraphics();
      draw(g);
      g.dispose();
      screen.update();
      // take a nap
      try {
        Thread.sleep(20);
      } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
      }
    }
  }
  public void update(long elapsedTime) {
    // check sprite bounds
    if (sprite.getX() < 0) {
      sprite.setVelocityX(Math.abs(sprite.getVelocityX()));
    } else if (sprite.getX() + sprite.getWidth() >= screen.getWidth()) {
      sprite.setVelocityX(-Math.abs(sprite.getVelocityX()));
    }
    if (sprite.getY() < 0) {
      sprite.setVelocityY(Math.abs(sprite.getVelocityY()));
    } else if (sprite.getY() + sprite.getHeight() >= screen.getHeight()) {
      sprite.setVelocityY(-Math.abs(sprite.getVelocityY()));
    }
    // update sprite
    sprite.update(elapsedTime);
  }
  public void draw(Graphics g) {
    // draw background
    g.drawImage(bgImage, 0, 0, null);
    // draw sprite
    g.drawImage(sprite.getImage(), Math.round(sprite.getX()), Math
        .round(sprite.getY()), null);
  }
}
/**
 * The SimpleScreenManager class manages initializing and displaying full screen
 * graphics modes.
 */
class SimpleScreenManager {
  private GraphicsDevice device;
  /**
   * Creates a new SimpleScreenManager object.
   */
  public SimpleScreenManager() {
    GraphicsEnvironment environment = GraphicsEnvironment
        .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
    device = environment.getDefaultScreenDevice();
  }
  /**
   * Enters full screen mode and changes the display mode.
   */
  public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode displayMode, JFrame window) {
    window.setUndecorated(true);
    window.setResizable(false);
    device.setFullScreenWindow(window);
    if (displayMode != null && device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) {
      try {
        device.setDisplayMode(displayMode);
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
        // ignore - illegal mode for this device
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * Returns the window currently used in full screen mode.
   */
  public Window getFullScreenWindow() {
    return device.getFullScreenWindow();
  }
  /**
   * Restores the screen"s display mode.
   */
  public void restoreScreen() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      window.dispose();
    }
    device.setFullScreenWindow(null);
  }
}
class Sprite {
  private Animation anim;
  // position (pixels)
  private float x;
  private float y;
  // velocity (pixels per millisecond)
  private float dx;
  private float dy;
  /**
   * Creates a new Sprite object with the specified Animation.
   */
  public Sprite(Animation anim) {
    this.anim = anim;
  }
  /**
   * Updates this Sprite"s Animation and its position based on the velocity.
   */
  public void update(long elapsedTime) {
    x += dx * elapsedTime;
    y += dy * elapsedTime;
    anim.update(elapsedTime);
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s current x position.
   */
  public float getX() {
    return x;
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s current y position.
   */
  public float getY() {
    return y;
  }
  /**
   * Sets this Sprite"s current x position.
   */
  public void setX(float x) {
    this.x = x;
  }
  /**
   * Sets this Sprite"s current y position.
   */
  public void setY(float y) {
    this.y = y;
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s width, based on the size of the current image.
   */
  public int getWidth() {
    return anim.getImage().getWidth(null);
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s height, based on the size of the current image.
   */
  public int getHeight() {
    return anim.getImage().getHeight(null);
  }
  /**
   * Gets the horizontal velocity of this Sprite in pixels per millisecond.
   */
  public float getVelocityX() {
    return dx;
  }
  /**
   * Gets the vertical velocity of this Sprite in pixels per millisecond.
   */
  public float getVelocityY() {
    return dy;
  }
  /**
   * Sets the horizontal velocity of this Sprite in pixels per millisecond.
   */
  public void setVelocityX(float dx) {
    this.dx = dx;
  }
  /**
   * Sets the vertical velocity of this Sprite in pixels per millisecond.
   */
  public void setVelocityY(float dy) {
    this.dy = dy;
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s current image.
   */
  public Image getImage() {
    return anim.getImage();
  }
}
/**
 * The ScreenManager class manages initializing and displaying full screen
 * graphics modes.
 */
class ScreenManager {
  private GraphicsDevice device;
  /**
   * Creates a new ScreenManager object.
   */
  public ScreenManager() {
    GraphicsEnvironment environment = GraphicsEnvironment
        .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
    device = environment.getDefaultScreenDevice();
  }
  /**
   * Returns a list of compatible display modes for the default device on the
   * system.
   */
  public DisplayMode[] getCompatibleDisplayModes() {
    return device.getDisplayModes();
  }
  /**
   * Returns the first compatible mode in a list of modes. Returns null if no
   * modes are compatible.
   */
  public DisplayMode findFirstCompatibleMode(DisplayMode modes[]) {
    DisplayMode goodModes[] = device.getDisplayModes();
    for (int i = 0; i < modes.length; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < goodModes.length; j++) {
        if (displayModesMatch(modes[i], goodModes[j])) {
          return modes[i];
        }
      }
    }
    return null;
  }
  /**
   * Returns the current display mode.
   */
  public DisplayMode getCurrentDisplayMode() {
    return device.getDisplayMode();
  }
  /**
   * Determines if two display modes "match". Two display modes match if they
   * have the same resolution, bit depth, and refresh rate. The bit depth is
   * ignored if one of the modes has a bit depth of
   * DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI. Likewise, the refresh rate is ignored if one
   * of the modes has a refresh rate of DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN.
   */
  public boolean displayModesMatch(DisplayMode mode1, DisplayMode mode2)
  {
    if (mode1.getWidth() != mode2.getWidth()
        || mode1.getHeight() != mode2.getHeight()) {
      return false;
    }
    if (mode1.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI
        && mode2.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI
        && mode1.getBitDepth() != mode2.getBitDepth()) {
      return false;
    }
    if (mode1.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN
        && mode2.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN
        && mode1.getRefreshRate() != mode2.getRefreshRate()) {
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }
  /**
   * Enters full screen mode and changes the display mode. If the specified
   * display mode is null or not compatible with this device, or if the
   * display mode cannot be changed on this system, the current display mode
   * is used.
   * <p>
   * The display uses a BufferStrategy with 2 buffers.
   */
  public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode displayMode) {
    final JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setUndecorated(true);
    frame.setIgnoreRepaint(true);
    frame.setResizable(false);
    device.setFullScreenWindow(frame);
    if (displayMode != null && device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) {
      try {
        device.setDisplayMode(displayMode);
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
      }
      // fix for mac os x
      frame.setSize(displayMode.getWidth(), displayMode.getHeight());
    }
    // avoid potential deadlock in 1.4.1_02
    try {
      EventQueue.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
          frame.createBufferStrategy(2);
        }
      });
    } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
      // ignore
    } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
      // ignore
    }
  }
  /**
   * Gets the graphics context for the display. The ScreenManager uses double
   * buffering, so applications must call update() to show any graphics drawn.
   * <p>
   * The application must dispose of the graphics object.
   */
  public Graphics2D getGraphics() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy();
      return (Graphics2D) strategy.getDrawGraphics();
    } else {
      return null;
    }
  }
  /**
   * Updates the display.
   */
  public void update() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy();
      if (!strategy.contentsLost()) {
        strategy.show();
      }
    }
    // Sync the display on some systems.
    // (on Linux, this fixes event queue problems)
    Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync();
  }
  /**
   * Returns the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns null if
   * the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public JFrame getFullScreenWindow() {
    return (JFrame) device.getFullScreenWindow();
  }
  /**
   * Returns the width of the window currently used in full screen mode.
   * Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public int getWidth() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      return window.getWidth();
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }
  /**
   * Returns the height of the window currently used in full screen mode.
   * Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public int getHeight() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      return window.getHeight();
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }
  /**
   * Restores the screen"s display mode.
   */
  public void restoreScreen() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      window.dispose();
    }
    device.setFullScreenWindow(null);
  }
  /**
   * Creates an image compatible with the current display.
   */
  public BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(int w, int h, int transparancy) {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      GraphicsConfiguration gc = window.getGraphicsConfiguration();
      return gc.createCompatibleImage(w, h, transparancy);
    }
    return null;
  }
}
/**
 * The Animation class manages a series of images (frames) and the amount of
 * time to display each frame.
 */
class Animation {
  private ArrayList frames;
  private int currFrameIndex;
  private long animTime;
  private long totalDuration;
  /**
   * Creates a new, empty Animation.
   */
  public Animation() {
    frames = new ArrayList();
    totalDuration = 0;
    start();
  }
  /**
   * Adds an image to the animation with the specified duration (time to
   * display the image).
   */
  public synchronized void addFrame(Image image, long duration) {
    totalDuration += duration;
    frames.add(new AnimFrame(image, totalDuration));
  }
  /**
   * Starts this animation over from the beginning.
   */
  public synchronized void start() {
    animTime = 0;
    currFrameIndex = 0;
  }
  /**
   * Updates this animation"s current image (frame), if neccesary.
   */
  public synchronized void update(long elapsedTime) {
    if (frames.size() > 1) {
      animTime += elapsedTime;
      if (animTime >= totalDuration) {
        animTime = animTime % totalDuration;
        currFrameIndex = 0;
      }
      while (animTime > getFrame(currFrameIndex).endTime) {
        currFrameIndex++;
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Animation"s current image. Returns null if this animation has
   * no images.
   */
  public synchronized Image getImage() {
    if (frames.size() == 0) {
      return null;
    } else {
      return getFrame(currFrameIndex).image;
    }
  }
  private AnimFrame getFrame(int i) {
    return (AnimFrame) frames.get(i);
  }
  private class AnimFrame {
    Image image;
    long endTime;
    public AnimFrame(Image image, long endTime) {
      this.image = image;
      this.endTime = endTime;
    }
  }
}

Sprite Test 2

       /*
DEVELOPING GAME IN JAVA 
Caracteristiques
Editeur : NEW RIDERS 
Auteur : BRACKEEN 
Parution : 09 2003 
Pages : 972 
Isbn : 1-59273-005-1 
Reliure : Paperback 
Disponibilite : Disponible a la librairie 
*/
 
import java.awt.DisplayMode;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
public class SpriteTest2 {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        SpriteTest2 test = new SpriteTest2();
        test.run();
    }
    private static final DisplayMode POSSIBLE_MODES[] = {
        new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 0),
        new DisplayMode(800, 600, 24, 0),
        new DisplayMode(800, 600, 16, 0),
        new DisplayMode(640, 480, 32, 0),
        new DisplayMode(640, 480, 24, 0),
        new DisplayMode(640, 480, 16, 0)
    };
    private static final long DEMO_TIME = 10000;
    private static final long FADE_TIME = 1000;
    private static final int NUM_SPRITES = 3;
    private ScreenManager screen;
    private Image bgImage;
    private Sprite sprites[];
    public void loadImages() {
        // load images
        bgImage = loadImage("images/background.jpg");
        Image player1 = loadImage("images/player1.png");
        Image player2 = loadImage("images/player2.png");
        Image player3 = loadImage("images/player3.png");
        // create and init sprites
        sprites = new Sprite[NUM_SPRITES];
        for (int i = 0; i < NUM_SPRITES; i++) {
            Animation anim = new Animation();
            anim.addFrame(player1, 250);
            anim.addFrame(player2, 150);
            anim.addFrame(player1, 150);
            anim.addFrame(player2, 150);
            anim.addFrame(player3, 200);
            anim.addFrame(player2, 150);
            sprites[i] = new Sprite(anim);
            // select random starting location
            sprites[i].setX((float)Math.random() *
                (screen.getWidth() - sprites[i].getWidth()));
            sprites[i].setY((float)Math.random() *
                (screen.getHeight() - sprites[i].getHeight()));
            // select random velocity
            sprites[i].setVelocityX((float)Math.random() - 0.5f);
            sprites[i].setVelocityY((float)Math.random() - 0.5f);
        }
    }

    private Image loadImage(String fileName) {
        return new ImageIcon(fileName).getImage();
    }

    public void run() {
        screen = new ScreenManager();
        try {
            DisplayMode displayMode =
                screen.findFirstCompatibleMode(POSSIBLE_MODES);
            screen.setFullScreen(displayMode);
            loadImages();
            animationLoop();
        }
        finally {
            screen.restoreScreen();
        }
    }

    public void animationLoop() {
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        long currTime = startTime;
        while (currTime - startTime < DEMO_TIME) {
            long elapsedTime =
                System.currentTimeMillis() - currTime;
            currTime += elapsedTime;
            // update the sprites
            update(elapsedTime);
            // draw and update screen
            Graphics2D g = screen.getGraphics();
            draw(g);
            drawFade(g, currTime - startTime);
            g.dispose();
            screen.update();
            // take a nap
            try {
                Thread.sleep(20);
            }
            catch (InterruptedException ex) { }
        }
    }

    public void drawFade(Graphics2D g, long currTime) {
        long time = 0;
        if (currTime <= FADE_TIME) {
            time = FADE_TIME - currTime;
        }
        else if (currTime > DEMO_TIME - FADE_TIME) {
            time = FADE_TIME - DEMO_TIME + currTime;
        }
        else {
            return;
        }
        byte numBars = 8;
        int barHeight = screen.getHeight() / numBars;
        int blackHeight = (int)(time * barHeight / FADE_TIME);
        g.setColor(Color.black);
        for (int i = 0; i < numBars; i++) {
            int y = i * barHeight + (barHeight - blackHeight) / 2;
            g.fillRect(0, y, screen.getWidth(), blackHeight);
        }
    }

    public void update(long elapsedTime) {
        for (int i = 0; i < NUM_SPRITES; i++) {
            Sprite s = sprites[i];
            // check sprite bounds
            if (s.getX() < 0.) {
                s.setVelocityX(Math.abs(s.getVelocityX()));
            }
            else if (s.getX() + s.getWidth() >=
                screen.getWidth())
            {
                s.setVelocityX(-Math.abs(s.getVelocityX()));
            }
            if (s.getY() < 0) {
                s.setVelocityY(Math.abs(s.getVelocityY()));
            }
            else if (s.getY() + s.getHeight() >=
                screen.getHeight())
            {
                s.setVelocityY(-Math.abs(s.getVelocityY()));
            }
            // update sprite
            s.update(elapsedTime);
        }
    }

    public void draw(Graphics2D g) {
        // draw background
        g.drawImage(bgImage, 0, 0, null);
        AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform();
        for (int i = 0; i < NUM_SPRITES; i++) {
            Sprite sprite = sprites[i];
            // translate the sprite
            transform.setToTranslation(sprite.getX(),
                sprite.getY());
            // if the sprite is moving left, flip the image
            if (sprite.getVelocityX() < 0) {
                transform.scale(-1, 1);
                transform.translate(-sprite.getWidth(), 0);
            }
            // draw it
            g.drawImage(sprite.getImage(), transform, null);
        }
    }
}
/**
 * The SimpleScreenManager class manages initializing and displaying full screen
 * graphics modes.
 */
class SimpleScreenManager {
  private GraphicsDevice device;
  /**
   * Creates a new SimpleScreenManager object.
   */
  public SimpleScreenManager() {
    GraphicsEnvironment environment = GraphicsEnvironment
        .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
    device = environment.getDefaultScreenDevice();
  }
  /**
   * Enters full screen mode and changes the display mode.
   */
  public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode displayMode, JFrame window) {
    window.setUndecorated(true);
    window.setResizable(false);
    device.setFullScreenWindow(window);
    if (displayMode != null && device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) {
      try {
        device.setDisplayMode(displayMode);
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
        // ignore - illegal mode for this device
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * Returns the window currently used in full screen mode.
   */
  public Window getFullScreenWindow() {
    return device.getFullScreenWindow();
  }
  /**
   * Restores the screen"s display mode.
   */
  public void restoreScreen() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      window.dispose();
    }
    device.setFullScreenWindow(null);
  }
}
class Sprite {
  private Animation anim;
  // position (pixels)
  private float x;
  private float y;
  // velocity (pixels per millisecond)
  private float dx;
  private float dy;
  /**
   * Creates a new Sprite object with the specified Animation.
   */
  public Sprite(Animation anim) {
    this.anim = anim;
  }
  /**
   * Updates this Sprite"s Animation and its position based on the velocity.
   */
  public void update(long elapsedTime) {
    x += dx * elapsedTime;
    y += dy * elapsedTime;
    anim.update(elapsedTime);
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s current x position.
   */
  public float getX() {
    return x;
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s current y position.
   */
  public float getY() {
    return y;
  }
  /**
   * Sets this Sprite"s current x position.
   */
  public void setX(float x) {
    this.x = x;
  }
  /**
   * Sets this Sprite"s current y position.
   */
  public void setY(float y) {
    this.y = y;
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s width, based on the size of the current image.
   */
  public int getWidth() {
    return anim.getImage().getWidth(null);
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s height, based on the size of the current image.
   */
  public int getHeight() {
    return anim.getImage().getHeight(null);
  }
  /**
   * Gets the horizontal velocity of this Sprite in pixels per millisecond.
   */
  public float getVelocityX() {
    return dx;
  }
  /**
   * Gets the vertical velocity of this Sprite in pixels per millisecond.
   */
  public float getVelocityY() {
    return dy;
  }
  /**
   * Sets the horizontal velocity of this Sprite in pixels per millisecond.
   */
  public void setVelocityX(float dx) {
    this.dx = dx;
  }
  /**
   * Sets the vertical velocity of this Sprite in pixels per millisecond.
   */
  public void setVelocityY(float dy) {
    this.dy = dy;
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Sprite"s current image.
   */
  public Image getImage() {
    return anim.getImage();
  }
}
/**
 * The ScreenManager class manages initializing and displaying full screen
 * graphics modes.
 */
class ScreenManager {
  private GraphicsDevice device;
  /**
   * Creates a new ScreenManager object.
   */
  public ScreenManager() {
    GraphicsEnvironment environment = GraphicsEnvironment
        .getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
    device = environment.getDefaultScreenDevice();
  }
  /**
   * Returns a list of compatible display modes for the default device on the
   * system.
   */
  public DisplayMode[] getCompatibleDisplayModes() {
    return device.getDisplayModes();
  }
  /**
   * Returns the first compatible mode in a list of modes. Returns null if no
   * modes are compatible.
   */
  public DisplayMode findFirstCompatibleMode(DisplayMode modes[]) {
    DisplayMode goodModes[] = device.getDisplayModes();
    for (int i = 0; i < modes.length; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < goodModes.length; j++) {
        if (displayModesMatch(modes[i], goodModes[j])) {
          return modes[i];
        }
      }
    }
    return null;
  }
  /**
   * Returns the current display mode.
   */
  public DisplayMode getCurrentDisplayMode() {
    return device.getDisplayMode();
  }
  /**
   * Determines if two display modes "match". Two display modes match if they
   * have the same resolution, bit depth, and refresh rate. The bit depth is
   * ignored if one of the modes has a bit depth of
   * DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI. Likewise, the refresh rate is ignored if one
   * of the modes has a refresh rate of DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN.
   */
  public boolean displayModesMatch(DisplayMode mode1, DisplayMode mode2)
  {
    if (mode1.getWidth() != mode2.getWidth()
        || mode1.getHeight() != mode2.getHeight()) {
      return false;
    }
    if (mode1.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI
        && mode2.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI
        && mode1.getBitDepth() != mode2.getBitDepth()) {
      return false;
    }
    if (mode1.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN
        && mode2.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN
        && mode1.getRefreshRate() != mode2.getRefreshRate()) {
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }
  /**
   * Enters full screen mode and changes the display mode. If the specified
   * display mode is null or not compatible with this device, or if the
   * display mode cannot be changed on this system, the current display mode
   * is used.
   * <p>
   * The display uses a BufferStrategy with 2 buffers.
   */
  public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode displayMode) {
    final JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setUndecorated(true);
    frame.setIgnoreRepaint(true);
    frame.setResizable(false);
    device.setFullScreenWindow(frame);
    if (displayMode != null && device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) {
      try {
        device.setDisplayMode(displayMode);
      } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
      }
      // fix for mac os x
      frame.setSize(displayMode.getWidth(), displayMode.getHeight());
    }
    // avoid potential deadlock in 1.4.1_02
    try {
      EventQueue.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
          frame.createBufferStrategy(2);
        }
      });
    } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
      // ignore
    } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
      // ignore
    }
  }
  /**
   * Gets the graphics context for the display. The ScreenManager uses double
   * buffering, so applications must call update() to show any graphics drawn.
   * <p>
   * The application must dispose of the graphics object.
   */
  public Graphics2D getGraphics() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy();
      return (Graphics2D) strategy.getDrawGraphics();
    } else {
      return null;
    }
  }
  /**
   * Updates the display.
   */
  public void update() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy();
      if (!strategy.contentsLost()) {
        strategy.show();
      }
    }
    // Sync the display on some systems.
    // (on Linux, this fixes event queue problems)
    Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync();
  }
  /**
   * Returns the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns null if
   * the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public JFrame getFullScreenWindow() {
    return (JFrame) device.getFullScreenWindow();
  }
  /**
   * Returns the width of the window currently used in full screen mode.
   * Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public int getWidth() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      return window.getWidth();
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }
  /**
   * Returns the height of the window currently used in full screen mode.
   * Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode.
   */
  public int getHeight() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      return window.getHeight();
    } else {
      return 0;
    }
  }
  /**
   * Restores the screen"s display mode.
   */
  public void restoreScreen() {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      window.dispose();
    }
    device.setFullScreenWindow(null);
  }
  /**
   * Creates an image compatible with the current display.
   */
  public BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(int w, int h, int transparancy) {
    Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow();
    if (window != null) {
      GraphicsConfiguration gc = window.getGraphicsConfiguration();
      return gc.createCompatibleImage(w, h, transparancy);
    }
    return null;
  }
}
/**
 * The Animation class manages a series of images (frames) and the amount of
 * time to display each frame.
 */
class Animation {
  private ArrayList frames;
  private int currFrameIndex;
  private long animTime;
  private long totalDuration;
  /**
   * Creates a new, empty Animation.
   */
  public Animation() {
    frames = new ArrayList();
    totalDuration = 0;
    start();
  }
  /**
   * Adds an image to the animation with the specified duration (time to
   * display the image).
   */
  public synchronized void addFrame(Image image, long duration) {
    totalDuration += duration;
    frames.add(new AnimFrame(image, totalDuration));
  }
  /**
   * Starts this animation over from the beginning.
   */
  public synchronized void start() {
    animTime = 0;
    currFrameIndex = 0;
  }
  /**
   * Updates this animation"s current image (frame), if neccesary.
   */
  public synchronized void update(long elapsedTime) {
    if (frames.size() > 1) {
      animTime += elapsedTime;
      if (animTime >= totalDuration) {
        animTime = animTime % totalDuration;
        currFrameIndex = 0;
      }
      while (animTime > getFrame(currFrameIndex).endTime) {
        currFrameIndex++;
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * Gets this Animation"s current image. Returns null if this animation has
   * no images.
   */
  public synchronized Image getImage() {
    if (frames.size() == 0) {
      return null;
    } else {
      return getFrame(currFrameIndex).image;
    }
  }
  private AnimFrame getFrame(int i) {
    return (AnimFrame) frames.get(i);
  }
  private class AnimFrame {
    Image image;
    long endTime;
    public AnimFrame(Image image, long endTime) {
      this.image = image;
      this.endTime = endTime;
    }
  }
}