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== Input Output ==

There are four types of streams: InputStream, OutputStream, Reader, and Writer.
<OL><LI>Reader. A stream to read characters.</LI><LI>Writer. A stream to write characters.</LI><LI>InputStream. A stream to read binary data.</LI><LI>OutputStream. A stream to write binary data.</LI></OL>
For better performance, use the buffered I/O classes:
BufferedInputStream,
BufferedOutputStream,
BufferedReader, and
BufferedWriter.
Reading from and writing to a stream dictate that you do so sequentially.
The java.io.RandomAccessFile is for non-sequential operations.
For object serialization and deserialization, you can use the ObjectInputStream and ObjectOutputStream classes.

== OutputStream ==

The OutputStream class defines three write method overloads, which are mirrors of the read method overloads in InputStream:



<source lang="java">
public void write (int b)
public void write (byte[] data)
public void write (byte[] data, int offset, int length)</source>



<OL><LI>The first overload writes the lowest 8 bits of the integer b to this OutputStream.</LI><LI>The second writes the content of a byte array to this OutputStream.</LI><LI>The third overload writes length bytes of the data starting at offset offset.</LI></OL>
<OL><LI>close() method closes the OutputStream.</LI><LI>flush() method forces any buffered content to be written out to the sink.</LI></OL>

== Reading Binary Data ==

You use an InputStream to read binary data.



<source lang="java">
InputStream
|
+-- FileInputStream
|
+-- BufferedInputStream</source>



<OL><LI>FileInputStream enables easy reading from a file.</LI><LI>BufferedInputStream provides data buffering that improves performance.</LI><LI>The ObjectInputStream class is used in object serialization.</LI></OL>

== Writing Binary Data ==

The OutputStream abstract class represents a stream for writing binary data



<source lang="java">
OutputStream
|
+--FileOutputStream
|
+--BufferedOutputStream.
|
+--ObjectOutputStream</source>



<OL><LI>FileOutputStream provides a convenient way to write to a file.</LI><LI>BufferedOutputStream provides better performance.</LI><LI>ObjectOutputStream class plays an important role in object serialization.</LI></OL>

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